Green Industries

Front 1

Three macronutrients? How do each affect plant growth?

Back 1

Nitrogen- is responsible for plant growth. Shortages of nitrogen leads to reduced leaf size and makes leaves turn yellow. It increases growth above ground.

Phosphorus- plays a role in photosynthesis, respiration, energy, storage and transfer, cell division and cell enlargement. It increases growth above ground.

Potassium- helps photosynthesis and regulates water in plants. Reduces water loss in a plant and helps retain water.

Front 2

Soil is said to have good structure, what does that mean?

Back 2

This refers to the size of the soil aggregates, there has to be enough space for drainage and aeration but not too much that too much water drains out.

Front 3

How does PH affect soil?

Back 3

-it determines the amount of nutrients in soil
-it determines how active decomposers are
-most important chemical property of soil
-determines if nutrients can enter the plant through the cell membrane

Front 4

What are the two types of water

Back 4

Gravitational water- water that stays above ground

Capillary water- water that stays below ground

Front 5

what is the connection between geographic location and soil orders?

Back 5

-soil close to beaches will be sandy
-soil deep in the forest will not have sand content
-climate affects soil because soil in the rainforest is warm and moist
-desert soil is very dry
-arctic soil is always frozen
-soil in southern canada is good for crops

Front 6

what are the five factors that contribute to the production of soil?

Back 6

-climate
-living organisms
-landscape position
-time
-parent material

Front 7

what is soil made of?

Back 7

decaying plant and animal matter, a mixture of rocks and sand

Front 8

soil horizons

Back 8

1. organic layer (horizon 0)
2. Top soil (A horizon)
3. sub soil (E horizon)
4. Parent material (c horizon)
5. Bedrock (R horizon)

Front 9

Carbon cycle and dirt

Back 9

Air has to be able to circulate through dirt to create space for water and to keep it healthy.

Front 10

Water cycle and dirt

Back 10

water goes through the soil and into other water sources
soil needs water to stay healthy
water goes through cracks of soil

Front 11

what are the four types of dirt? how do they differ?
which one is the best?

Back 11

Sandy- soil that is made up of minerals and rock, it is gritty and has lots of space between particles for water to move through
Silty- most fertile type of soil, it has lots of nutrients and good drainage. This soil is good for planting everything and it is the perfect mix of sandy and clay soil.
Clay- it has very small particles and little space between them
Loamy- soil that is made up of different types of soil. it has different portions of silt, sand and clay. it holds water well because of the grittiness of sand and food drainage so water doesn't pool. It is the best kind of soil.

Front 12

What is dirt and how is it formed?

Back 12

Dirt is made up of rocks, leaves, compost and broken down raw materials. It is the top layer above the earths crust consisting of mineral and organic materials along with air and water. It forms over the course of five hundred years through the breakdown and decomposition of organic materials and rock.