Greek Myth Test 1

Front 1

Aegeus

Back 1

Thesus's father, drown when thesus forgot to put up white sails after defeating the minotaur

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aetilogical

Back 2

Aetiology is the study of causes, origins, reasons. In mythology, an aetiological myth explains, superficially at least, the reasons why a certain state affairs exists.

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anakalypteria

Back 3

Holding the veil away from the face as a gesture of disrobing for a husband.

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Anaktoron

Back 4

small room in Telesterion; in the center stood the ("palace"), which only the hierophantes could enter, where sacred objects were stored.

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anthropomorphism

Back 5

giving god human like characteristics

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aphrodite

Back 6

Goddess of love and beauty. Born when Oranos was castrated by Cronus and the genitals were thrown into the sea.

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Apollo

Back 7

Large center of worship in Delphi,

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Ares

Back 8

greek god of war

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Artemis

Back 9

Apollo's twin, huntress, virgin, persephone- maiden virgin

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persephone

Back 10

representative of maiden virgin

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Demeter

Back 11

mother godess and matron, also represents fertility, often used with saffron for menstruel ailments

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Crone

Back 12

representative of earth and death.

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katabasis

Back 13

a trip down

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Athena

Back 14

the goddess of wisdom, peace, warfare, strategy, handicrafts and reason, shrewd companion of heroes and the goddess of heroic endeavour. She is the virgin patron of Athens, which built the Parthenon to worship her.

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athenian treasury

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built to commemorate the Athenians' victory at the Battle of Salamis

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Athlon

Back 16

prize

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Athlos

Back 17

contest

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Chaos

Back 18

Chaos is the original dark void from which everything else appeared. According to Hesiod's Theogony (the origin of the gods), Chaos was the nothingness out of which the first objects of existence appeared.

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Charites

Back 19

Graces, three goddesses of grace, beauty, adornment, mirth, festivity, dance and song

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Chryslephantine

Back 20

technical term given to a type of cult statue that enjoyed high status in Ancient Greece.
with thin carved slabs of ivory attached, representing the flesh, and sheets of gold leaf representing the garments, armour, hair, and other details

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chthonic

Back 21

or pertains to, deities or spirits of the underworld, especially in relation to Greek religion.

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cosmos

Back 22

order

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dactylic hexameter

Back 23

a form of meter in poetry or a rhythmic scheme. It is traditionally associated with the quantitative meter of classical epic poetry in both Greek.

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Daedalus

Back 24

means craftsmen, father of Icarus, constructed his wax wings.

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Delos

Back 25

Delos had a position as a holy sanctuary for a millennium before Olympian Greek mythology made it the birthplace of Apollo and Artemis

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Delphi

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navel of the world, Apollo caims it his precint and himself the protector of the navel in the Homeric Hymns

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didactic poetry

Back 27

poetry meant to teach

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Dike

Back 28

the spirit of moral order and fair judgement based on immemorial custom. (Justice)

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Diokles

Back 29

one of the first priests of Demeter and one of the first to learn the secrets of the Eleusinian mysteries

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Dionysus

Back 30

God of wine

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Eleusinian Mysteries

Back 31

were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone based at Eleusis in ancient Greece

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Elpis

Back 32

the last item in Pandora's box, hope.

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ephebeia

Back 33

Two years of public service before being entered in the registers as a citizen, right of passage for men

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ephebes

Back 34

a youth between 18 and 20 years old, a sculpture depicting this age, made clear by hair and no beard

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Epimetheus

Back 35

Epimetheus was the one who accepted the gift of Pandora from the gods. (name means to lack foresight)

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epinician poetry

Back 36

poetry praising athletic victors and heroic deeds.

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epithet

Back 37

is a descriptive word or phrase accompanying or occurring in place of the name of a person or thing

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epopteia

Back 38

last initiation ritual of the Eleusinian Mysteries

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Eris

Back 39

God of discourse and causes war

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eros

Back 40

god of lust and sexual activity, considered more of a internal force

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Eumolpos

Back 41

became one of the first priests of Demeter and one of the founders of the Eleusinian Mysteries. He initiated Heracles into the mysteries.

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Gaia

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Earth Goddess, can create beings from herself

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Hades

Back 43

God of the underworld

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Heinrich Schliemann

Back 44

archeaologist that unersthed troy and believed to see the mask of Agememon

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Hekate

Back 45

Virgin goddess, often sacraficed too, god often look up to her as well.

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Hektor

Back 46

Trojan prince and the greatest fighter for Troy in the Trojan War.

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Helen

Back 47

known as Helen of Troy, wife of King Menelaus of Sparta, Her abduction by Paris brought about the Trojan War.

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Helios

Back 48

Personification of the Sun, son of the Titans Hyperion and Theia

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Hellen

Back 49

mythological patriarch of the Hellenes. His name is also another name for Greek

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Hera

Back 50

was the wife and older sister of Zeus.

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Hephaistos

Back 51

god of technology, blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals, metallurgy, fire and volcanoes

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Hermes

Back 52

Messenger of the gods, patron of boundaries, thieves and road travelers, of orators and wit, of literature and poets, of athletics, of weights and measures, of invention, of general commerce, and of the cunning of thieves and liars.

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Hestia

Back 53

the goddess of the hearth, of the right ordering of domesticity and the family, Virgin

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hiera

Back 54

the Sacred Objects

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hierophant

Back 55

Priest at the eluesinian mysteries who leads initiates into the anaktoron

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hieros gamos

Back 56

refers to marriage between a god and a goddess

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Himeros

Back 57

uncontrollable desire, son of aphrodite and Ares

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Hippodameia

Back 58

was a daughter of King Oenomaus. Father killed all her sueters due to prophecy of his death

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Homeridai

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family claiming to be descendents of homer.

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Horai

Back 60

Three daughters of Zeus, considered goddess of orderly life. Seasons

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Hundred Handers

Back 61

Titan with one hundred hands

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Iliad

Back 62

an epic poem recounting significant events during a portion of the final year of the Trojan War — the Greek siege of the city of Ilion. dactylic hexameter

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Indo-Europeans

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greek is one of the oldest indo-european languages

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Keleos

Back 64

A King of Eleusis, Demeter bestowed on Keleos the gift of agriculture.

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kerykeion

Back 65

wand of Hermes

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Knossos

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also known as Labyrinth

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Kore

Back 67

Persephone, embodiment of the Earth's fertility, abducted by Hades, 18yr old girl

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Kronos

Back 68

was the leader and the youngest of the first generation of Titans,

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kykeon

Back 69

drink made mainly of water, barley and naturally occurring substances

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kyklopes

Back 70

one eyed titan.

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Leda

Back 71

was admired by Zeus, who seduced her in the guise of a swan. As a swan, Zeus fell into her arms for protection from a pursuing eagle. Their consummation, on the same night as Leda lay with her husband Tyndareus, resulted in two eggs from which hatched Helen

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liminal space

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On the threshold

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linear A

Back 73

official script for the palaces and cults and Cretan Hieroglyphs were mainly used on seals

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Linear B

Back 74

a script that was used for writing Mycenaean Greek, an early form of Greek. It predated the Greek alphabet by several centuries (ca. 13th but perhaps as early as late 15th century BC) and seems to have died out with the fall of Mycenaean civilization

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megaron

Back 75

the great hall of the Mycenaean palace complexes

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Menos

Back 76

Power, life force

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Metis

Back 77

first great spouse of Zeus, indeed his equal, mother of Athena

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Micheal Ventris

Back 78

was responsible for the decipherment of Linear B.

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Minos

Back 79

was a mythical king of Crete, son of Zeus and Europa. After his death, Minos became a judge of the dead in Hades.

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Minotaur

Back 80

Half man half bull kept on crete in the labyrinth made by Daedalus

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misogyny

Back 81

hatred of women

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mystes

Back 82

a person being taught the mysteries of the Eleusinian mysteries

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mythos

Back 83

verbaly spoken stories

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Oenomaus

Back 84

the father of Hippodamia, fearful of being killed by son in law, kills all her sueters

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Olympia

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a sanctuary of ancient Greece in Elis, is known for having been the site of the Olympic Games in classical times, comparable in importance to the Pythian Games held in Delphi.

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Olympians

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the principal gods of the Greek pantheon, residing atop Mount Olympus

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omphalos

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an ancient religious stone artifact, or baetylus. In Greek, the word omphalos means "navel", the rock Cronus ate instead of Zeus

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ouranic

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heavenly, in the sky

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Ouranos

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God of the sky, sun and husband to Gaia

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Pandora

Back 90

First woman created that released all evil on earth.

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panhellenic sanctuaries

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temples built to greek gods

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parthenogenisis

Back 92

Asexual reproduction

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Pasiphae

Back 93

Mother of the Minotaur.

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Pederasty

Back 94

(usually erotic) relationship between an adult man and an adolescent boy outside his immediate family

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peithein

Back 95

persuasion, oftern used in the pederasty methods

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Peitho

Back 96

the goddess who personifies persuasion and seduction.

Front 97

Pelops

Back 97

his cult developed into the founding myth of the Olympic Games

Front 98

Persephone

Back 98

was the embodiment of the Earth's fertility at the same time that she was the Queen of the Underworld, the korē (or young maiden), and the parthenogenic daughter of Demeter

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Perses

Back 99

the Titan of Destruction, father of hekate

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phallocentrism

Back 100

to the privileging of the masculine (phallus)

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Pithos

Back 101

large jar that in mythology represents the female body

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polymetis

Back 102

Jack of all trade, God with numerous ability?

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Polyxeinos

Back 103

one of the first priests of Demeter and one of the first to learn the secrets of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

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Poseidon

Back 104

God of the sea

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Potnia Theron

Back 105

Mistress of animals, an ancient title of the Minoan Goddess

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Prometheus

Back 106

champion of human-kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals.

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Proto-Indo-European

Back 107

bronze age expansion and language change

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psychopompos

Back 108

are creatures, spirits, angels, or deities in many religions whose responsibility is to escort newly-deceased souls to the afterlife

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pythia

Back 109

oracle

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python

Back 110

earth dragon at Delphi

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pytho

Back 111

the acient name for delphi

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Rhea

Back 112

the Titaness daughter of Ouranos, considered the mother of gods

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te sacred way

Back 113

the road leading to eleusis

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Siphnian Treasury

Back 114

dedicated building to the Greek polis, or city-state, of Delphi,

Front 115

Sir Arthur Evans

Back 115

British archaeologist most famous for unearthing the palace of Knossos on the Greek island of Crete

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siren

Back 116

winged creatures who's songs could drive sailors mad

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Stoa of the Athenians

Back 117

in the Sanctuary of Apollo, dedicated after the persian war.

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Tantalus

Back 118

son of Zeus and the nymph Plouto. Thus he was a king in the primordial world

Front 119

telesterion

Back 119

A great hall in Eleusis, Telesterion was one of the primary centers of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Front 120

Theseus

Back 120

was the legendary founder-king of Athens,

Front 121

titanomachy

Back 121

was the ten-year series of battles fought between the two races of deities. Titans vs. Olympians

Front 122

Triptolemus

Back 122

Primordial man, fist person to learn eleusinian mystery's from demeter

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Typhoeus

Back 123

is the final son of Gaia, fathered by Tartarus, and is the most deadly monster of Greek mythology. Human upperhalf serpant lowerhalf

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Zanes

Back 124

The statues dispersed about the grounds on which the public games of Greece were celebrated. They were the produce of fines imposed on those who infringed the regulations