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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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allegory
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a literary device in which persons, places, and events are given symbolic meaning.
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Amalthea
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a source of the Cornucopia and the Aegis.
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Anthropomorphism
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giving human attributes to something not human; giving the gods human form
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Apollodorus
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1st century B.C. author credited for compiling a book of poems including Jason's quest for the Golden Fleece
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Apollonius of Rhodes
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2nd century B.C. author of the Voyage of Argo;
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Callimachus
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Hellenistic poet of the Hymns
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Cnossos
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island of the Labyrinth where the minotaur lived
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Curetes
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a myth in tandem with an initiation ritual.
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Cyclic Epics
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post Homer poems; Proclus
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Daedalus
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architect of the Labyrinth on the island of Knossos; was imprisoned in his creation with his son but built wings of wax to escape
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Demodocus
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In the Odyssey, the Phaeacian minstrel who sang of the Trojan War for King Alcinous
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Dithyramb
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ecstatic dance or song performed in honor of Dionysus, out of which tragedy is said to have evolved
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Enuma Elish
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ancient Babylonian creation epic celebrating Marduk's victory over an older generation of gods; Near Eastern counterpart of Hesiod's Theogony
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Euhemerism
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view that Greek concepts about the gods derive from the postmortem deification of otherwise forgotten mortals
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Arthur Evans
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British archaeologist who excavated Creten sites during the 20th century; discovered Minoan culture
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Festival of Dionysus
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parade featuring the god's mythic birth and death with traditional song and dance;
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James Frazer
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author of the Golden Bough; believed in the ritualism theory of myth
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Sigmund Freud
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psychologist who analyzed myths; argued the similarity of dreams and myths
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Gaia
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Greeks' original Earth Mother, a primal divine power married to Chaos; mother of Uranus (sky) and the Titans
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Golden Bough
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book written by James Frazer about the close bond between myth and ancient rites, like plant, animal and human fertility
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Greek Dark Age
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from 1100 BC to 800 BC palace centers lose their centrality, writing disappears, drop in population, cessation of trade, isolation
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Greek Renaissance
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800 BC to 700 BC continuities and innovations of the period
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Hades
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(1)son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Zeus and Poiseden; also called Pluto (2) subterranean realm of the dead
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Jane Harrison
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a critic from Cambridge School who supported the Ritualism theory.
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Hera
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daughter of Cronus and Rhea wife and sister of Zeus; goddess of marriage and domesticity
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Herodotus
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Greek historian who identified Hesiod and Homer as fixed the ideas of the gods' personalities, physical appearance, and functions
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Hesiod
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Greek poet of the late 8th century; author of the Theogony and Works and Days
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Historicism
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not sure...yet
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Hittite Civilization
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Indo-european people; flourished in the 14th and 13th centuries BC; destroyed in 1200 BC giving a timeline for poems
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Homer
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name that the ancient Greeks said was the poet of the Iliad and the Odyssey
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Homeric Hymns
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writing imitating Homer by several anonymous poets later composed a series of hymns praising the twelve Olympians
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attributive hymn
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hymn
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composite hymn
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hymn
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mythic hymn
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hymn
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Iliad
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Homer's epic about the Greeks war against the Trojans
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Indo-european
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Linguistic term designating an unrecorded prehistoric language spoken in Europe and western Asia, from which an interrelated group of languages come from
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Instructions of Suruppak
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directions given from Suruppak to his son Ziusudra
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Carl Jung
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Freud's protege psychologist who noted the similarity in recurring mythic characters
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Kumarbi Text
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Kumarbi bites off the testicles of Anu and spits up three gods: Tasmisu, river Tigris, and the Weather god
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Claude Levi-Strauss
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Structuralist anthropologist who believed humans see the world in reflection of their own physical and mental structure
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Linear B
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form of Mycenaean writing that reveals several familiar names; discovered by M. Ventris
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Minoan Civilization
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earliest European civilzation which was centered on Crete and other Aegean islands and was characterized by elaborate palace complexes, such as that King Minos at Knossos
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Mnemosyne
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personification of memory; daughter of Uranus and Gaea, and, by Zeus, the mother of the Muses
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Max Muller
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19th century philologist who popularized the nature myth theory
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Muthos
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a unit of speech or discourse; may be simply ‘word’;
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Mycenaean Civilization
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first mainland Greek civilization; deeply influenced by the older Minoan culture, Mycenaean produce the large majority of Greek myths, including the Trojan War saga
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Odyssey
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Homer's work of Odysseus as he returns home to Ithaca following the Trojan War
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Orpheus
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poet and singer who descended into hades to rescue his wife, Eurydice; later suffered sparagmos, after which his lyre was transformed into a constellation
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Ouranos
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god killed by his son, Kronus; avenged by his grandson, Zeus
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Pausanias
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wrote a Guide to Greece in the late second century AD; concerned with recording ancient traditions.
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Pindar
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wrote many odes and alluded to myths in them praising various athletes, regularly incorporated myths into his work
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Plato
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Athenian philosopher who taught that the material world is only a flawd reflection of a perfect spiritual realm, from whish the human soul descends to earth to be born in a mortal body and which returns for judgment after death
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Poseidon
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son of Cronus, brother of Hades and Zeus, husband of Amphirite; god of the sea and earthquakes
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Protagoras
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5th century BC philosopher; argued that human perception guided by logic and moral principle that defines the nature of reality
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Ferdinand de Saussure
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structuralist
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Heinrich Schliemann
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German archaeologist excavated Troy and discovered the remains of several Bronze Age settlements
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Scholia
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Scholarship which preserved the literacy legacy of the classical period
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Song of Ullikummi
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song of Kumarbi having a son with a rock to destroy the Weather-god who's unstoppable, until his legs get cut off
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Stesichorus
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6th century BC poet who wrote a narrative version of the Oresteia
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Structuralism
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a method of critical analysis postulating that the human mind has as innate tendency to impose patterns on experience, such as to see the world as duality of opposites
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Tartarus
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the dark abyss beneath Hades' realm where Zeus chained the Titans and where the wicked suffered torment
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Theagenes
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Archaic poet that believed a literal reading of Homeric myth was ethically unacceptable; came up with better interpretation
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Theogony
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poem of origins written by Hesiod
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Thespis
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an Athenian playwright known as the father of the drama for having created the first role for an actor
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Typhoeus
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monstrous giant in appearance half human and half reptile with 100 dragon heads; manifestation of the dragon of chaos Zeus had to defeat before assuming control of the cosmos
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Titanomachy
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Archaeic poem, that didn't survive, about the Titans
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Titans
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12 giant sons of Gaia and Ouranos; led by Cronus, who killed his father to gain power
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Works and Days
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Work of Hesiod used to explain why humans possess fire; aimed at correcting Perses' misbehavior;
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Xenophanes
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a writer who lived about 200 years after Homer in Ionia; attacked the Homeric gods as unethical and noticed the similarities between gods and humans
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Zeus
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son of Cronus and Rhea, husband and brother of Hera, brother of Poisedon and Hades; killed father; lighting bolt
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Thales
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Greek thinker who speculated that water was the primal substance out of which the universe evolved
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