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128 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the nickname of the anonymous author critiquing Democracy in a pamphlet |
The old Oligarch |
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Who is the author of Clouds |
Aristophanes |
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What place did Aristophanes win for Cloudss? |
3rd ( last ) |
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When was Clouds revised? |
418/416 |
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what people did the clouds attack? |
Sophist |
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What person did the play clouds contribute to their death ? |
Socrates |
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What century did Sophist occupy? |
5th c |
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What does sophist mean? |
"sage, expert" |
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Sophists are thought to be what kind of people in terms of religion? |
Atheism |
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What were sophist depicted as? |
Pale, passionless, opposed to pleasure |
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What did sophist use to argue? |
rhetoric |
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When was Socrates life? |
469-399 |
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What are some attributes of Socrates? |
brave soldier, led an active life, never took fees, no interest in rhetoric |
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Plato and Xenophon show that Socrates was opposed to Sophists in 2 ways: |
1. an ethicist in opposition to the amoralist sophist 2. Prioritized the study of the self, rather than the study of nature |
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did Socrates write Philosophy? |
No his students did |
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Why did Aristophanes target Socrates? |
Socrates most famous People did not know what socrates taught |
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What do the characters of Clouds represent? |
Contrary to commonsense; Normale vs abnormal - Strepsiades: Normal; works hard, loves gods and pleasure Socrates: Abnormal, parasitic, no loyalties to the city |
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What are the 2 levels of conflict in Clouds |
Level 1: Clash of individuals Level 2: Clash of ideas - Belief vs. reason - Nature vs. Culture - Religion vs. Science -Community vs. Individual |
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What is Socratic irony? |
Pretend to be ignorant of a topic when he knew more |
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Who is the first speaker in What is love? |
Phaedrus |
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Who is the second speaker in What is love? |
Pausinias ( lover of host Agathon) |
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Who is the 3rd speaker of what is love? |
Eryximachus ( doctor ) |
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Who is the 4t speaker of what is love? |
Aristophanes |
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Who is the 5th speaker in what is love? |
Agathon ( host ) |
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study break |
whoo |
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What does Phaedrus say about love in the the Symposium? |
Love is good for men- |
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What does Pausanias say about love in the Symposium? |
There are different kinds of love- bad, good, common, heavenly; distinguished between good and bad Pederasty |
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What does Eryximachus say about love in the Symposium? |
Love is cosmological as well as human; governs all things, not just peoples' lives |
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Wha does Aristophanes say about love in the Symposium? |
Love involves yearning for what one lacks |
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What does Agathon say about love i the Symposium? |
Praises god of love, love rules over all and knows all |
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What does the discussion between Agathin and Socrates go like? |
Agathon confuses properties of love with the properties of its object |
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What does Diatom say about love in the Symposium? |
It transcends fear of death |
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What does Socrates say about love in the Symposium ? |
Love has characteristics of lover; love makes mortals immortal through birth of child |
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What does Alcibiades say about love in the symposium? |
he praises Socrates instead of Eros; Socratic paradox that states that one cannot know the good and fail to do it |
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why did the Athenians convict Socrates in 399? |
teach corrupted youth Identified him with Sophists Preached against old gods Questioned establishment didn't like that everyone 's opinion was important = Relativism |
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What does Apologia mean in Greek?
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Defense |
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What did Socrates offer to the jury when he was given the death penalty |
Countered with the offer that he should be given high honors and free meals for life |
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How was Socrates put to death? |
Forced to drink hemlock |
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What was another penalty suggested for Socrates ? |
30 minae to be paid by his friends |
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when was plato's lifespan? |
427-347 |
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Who was Plato's teacher? |
Socrates |
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What school did Plato create? |
Founder of Academy in 387 BC |
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who was the main character of Plato's dialogue? |
Socrates |
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What is platonism? |
the intellectual position of denying the reality of the material world |
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What was Plato's school, the academy named after? |
Academus, Greek hero |
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What genders were allowed as students at the academy? |
Both |
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What is Plato's theory of Forms? |
Opposition between physical world of appearances which change, and the unchanging and unseen intellectual world |
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What dialogue by Plato is an allergy for his theory of forms? |
the cave |
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What was Plato's Republic about? |
Dialogue on government and education ; utopian state which reflects tripartite nature of soul |
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What are the three groups in Platos' republic? |
Guardian, Auxiliaries, Artisans |
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what is plato's critique of Democracy? |
"Agreeable form of anarchy"; Democracy condemned his teacher; ; constant ration between merit and privilege ; Philosopher king |
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What is the lifespan of Aristotle ? |
384-322 |
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Who was aristotle's teacher? |
Plato |
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What was Aristotle's philosophy about> |
not idealistic, but empirical, center in perception |
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What philosopher was a founder for the seven disciplines? |
Aristotles |
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how much of Aristotles' work survives? |
1/3 |
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What philosopher taught Alexander the great? |
Aristotle |
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What was the school Aristotle founded called? |
Lyceum in Athens( 334) |
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When did Aristotle die? |
322 |
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What religions did Aristotle influence? |
Christian and Islamic |
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What was Lyceum named after? |
Apollo " the wolf" = Lycos |
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what were Aristotles' students called? |
Peripatetics = those who walk around |
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What were aristotles' views on Politics? |
City-state; critical to Democracy;selected enlightened should rule; common uneducated people should not be citizens |
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How did alexander the great mix greeks and persians? |
Married officers to Iranian women; Retained kids of mixed marriages to train as soldiers |
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Who were the Successors? |
30,000 persians though to fight in the Macedonian phalanx |
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What were Hetairoi? |
Male companions |
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When did territorial expansion begin for the Macedonian kingdom and how? |
480; Withdrawal of Persians |
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Who was the father of Phillip II? |
Kimg Amyntas II |
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when did Philip II come into power? |
360 |
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Who was Philip II married to? |
Olympias ; father of Alexander the great |
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What was the new kind of spear created by Philip II? |
Sarissa ( 18 ft) |
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When and who assassinates Philip II? |
336 BC; by his bodyguard in theatre |
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Which tomb in the Tumulus is thought to be Philip II? |
Tomb 2 |
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Which tomb is thought to be Alexander the Great in the Tumules? |
tomb 3 |
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How did Alexander the Great avenge his fathers' death? |
Killed all those involved in the plot |
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What city Revolted against Alex the great and was treated very harshly ? |
Thebes |
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What was phase 1 for Alex the great? |
Conquer Anatolia |
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what was the first major Engagement for ATG? |
Granicus |
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How many disloyal Greek mercenaries were executed? |
200 |
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What was the second major engagement for ATG? |
Gordium ( 333 BC) |
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What is the legend of the Gordium know? |
whoever touched it would rule Asia |
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What is the 3rd major engagement for ATG? |
Issus ( 333BC) |
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What battle is considered the turning point for ATG? |
Issus |
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Who was the historian for ATG? |
Callisthenes |
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How did Callisthenes describe the battle of Issus |
Heroic- homeric contest between Alex and Darius Iii |
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What is phase 2 for ATG? |
Invasion of Egypt |
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What is ATG's Goal for the Invasion of Egypt? |
Take control of the Persian fleet and supply bases; drive the Persians entirely out of Mediterranean |
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What is the nickname of ATG? |
Son of Ammon (Zeus) |
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what is the fourth major battle |
guagamela ( 331) |
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What cities did the battle of Guagamela allow ATG to take and what do they display? |
Babylon, Susa, and Persepolis first 2 display tolerance; last displays brutality |
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what battle is the end of the Persian EmpirE? |
Battle of Guagamela |
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What city is the Persian spiritual center? |
Persepoli |
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When was the death of Darius III? |
330 |
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Who killed Darius III? |
Persian Satrap ( governor) Bessus |
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What is Proskynesis? |
ATG asks to be recognized as a god |
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Who does ATG marry? |
Iranian princess Roxane ( 327) |
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what is the 5th major battle for ATG? |
Hydaspes ( 326) |
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What is the attitude of ATG's troops in Hydaspes? |
Mutiny; low morale |
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Who is ATG"s second wife and why? |
Daughter of Bessus ( Artaxerxes III) ensure idealogical Macedonian control |
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When does ATG die? |
323 |
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What are characteristics of the Bust of ATG? |
Beauty and youth; head turned up- visionary Character of king Curls on forehead like lion Wet eyes- energy and life |
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When was the Hellenistic Period? |
323- 331 |
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Who were ATG's potential heirs? |
half- brother Philip III, Arrhidaeues , unborn son Alexander, Illegitimate son Herakles |
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Who and when was the monumental tomb of Amphiboles? |
325-330 BC; tomb of ATG's admirals |
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What are characteristic of Hellenistic Culture? |
Obsession with Fortune, Theatrical Mentality, Individualism in art and culture , scholarly mentality , cosmopolitan outlook |
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What statue showed the personfication of Fortune in the Hellenistic period? |
Statue of Tyche of Antioch ( 300 BC) |
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What are attributes of the statue of Nike of Samothrace ( 190 BC) |
On ship prow set on fountain in sanctuary ; trophy of naval victory ; Wings beating as she lands; twisting body and wind blown clothes |
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Stoics |
Universe is governed by reason which orders everything |
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Cynics |
Dropped out of society, wanderers that lived ascetically aiming for self-sufficiency |
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Epicureans |
goal of life is personal happiness through simple life |
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Who made a sculpture of Alexander the great and when? |
Lysippos; 330 |
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Who made a sculpture of Plato and when? |
Silanion- mid 4th c |
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what sculptor introduced female nudity? |
Praxiteles; Aphrodite of Cnidus ( 350) |
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What does frieze of Pergamon depict? |
greeks fighting giants |
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What does the east frieze depict? |
Gods of Olympus |
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What does the west frieze depict? |
Water dieties ; Dionysus and followers |
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what does the south frieze depict? |
Gods of light and air |
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what does the north frieze depict? |
Gods of nigth and underworld |
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Who was the Mausolean of Halicarnissus built for? |
Mausolus, satrap of Caria, who died in 353 |
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What year did the generals that held parts of ATG empire proclaim themselves king? |
310 |
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Who was king of Egypt? |
Ptolemy |
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capital of Egypt? |
Alexandria |
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What was the Pharos? |
lighthouse- 1st skyscraper of 300 ft |
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who was the patron goddess of culture? |
Mouseion |
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how many scrolls were in the Library of Alexandria? |
700,000 |
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What were some of the things in the Library of Alexnadria ? |
Greek translation of hebrew bible, Famous letters of men, seized books of visitors, |
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What was Eratosthenes known for? |
Calculates circumference of earth |
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Rosetta stone |
Decree of Ptolemy V 196 Bc Cracked code of Egyptian Hieroglyphics |
