Greek Arch Terms From Midterm

Front 1

cella/naos

Back 1

the inner chamber of a temple

Front 2

opisthodomos

Back 2

the room present at the rear of some ancient Greek temples

Front 3

peripteral

Back 3

a Greek temple that has four columns on all 4 of its sides

Front 4

peristyle

Back 4

a columned porch in a building surrounding a court that may contain an inner garden

Front 5

metope

Back 5

the space between two triglyphs of a Doric frieze

Front 6

architrave/epistyle

Back 6

a molded or ornamental band framing a rectangular opening

Front 7

frieze

Back 7

the wide central part of an entablature (Ionic or Corinthian) and may be plain or decorated with bas-reliefs

Front 8

capital

Back 8

forms the crowning member of a column or pilaster

Front 9

volute

Back 9

a spiral scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column

Front 10

palmette

Back 10

an artistic motif resembling the fan-shaped leaves of a palm tree

Front 11

antefix

Back 11

the vertical blocks which terminate the covering tiles of the roof of a Greek temple

Front 12

stoa

Back 12

covered walkways commonly for public usage

Front 13

polygonal masonry

Back 13

a technique of stone construction of the ancient Mediterranean world

Front 14

entablature

Back 14

the superstructure of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on capitals

Front 15

pediment

Back 15

the triangular section found above the entablature, typically supported by columns

Front 16

triglyph

Back 16

the vertically channeled tablets of the Doric frieze

Front 17

cornice

Back 17

horizontal molded projection that completes a building or wall, or the upper slanting part of an entablature located above the frieze

Front 18

geison

Back 18

the part of the entablature that projects outward from the top of the frieze, forming the outer edges of the roof on the sides of a structure with a sloped roof

Front 19

raking sima

Back 19

continuous upturned edge of a roof (acting as a gutter)

Front 20

abacus

Back 20

the uppermost member of the capital of a column, often a plain stone slab, but sometimes molded or enriched

Front 21

echinus

Back 21

a circular block that bulges outward at its uppermost portion in order to better support

Front 22

torus

Back 22

A bold convex moulding generally semi-circular in cross-section

Front 23

molding

Back 23

used to cover transitions between surfaces or for decoration

Front 24

stylobate

Back 24

the top step of the crepidoma, the stepped platform on which colonnades of temple columns are placed

Front 25

colonnade

Back 25

denotes a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free- standing

Front 26

pronaos

Back 26

the open vestibule before the cella

Front 27

anta (columns in antis)

Back 27

the posts or pillars on either side of a doorway or entrance of a Greek temple

Front 28

adyton

Back 28

restriced area within the cella

Front 29

monolithic

Back 29

made of only one stone

Front 30

caryatid

Back 30

a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.

Front 31

pseudo-dipteral

Back 31

a Greek Temple with a single peristyle surrounding the cella at the distance of two intercolumns and one column

Front 32

trabeated architecture

Back 32

a simple architrave where a horizontal member (the lintel, or header) is supported by two vertical posts at either end.

Front 33

Solon

Back 33

an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and elegiac poet

Front 34

Peisistratos

Back 34

tyrant of Athens who tried to make a definite version of the Homer epics

Front 35

bouleuterion

Back 35

a building which housed the council of citizens (boule) in Ancient Greece

Front 36

boule

Back 36

a council of citizens appointed to run daily affairs of the city

Front 37

casus belli

Back 37

a Latin expression meaning the justification for acts of war

Front 38

heraldic

Back 38

the profession, study, or art of devising, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms.

Front 39

Pegasus

Back 39

a winged horse sired by Poseidon, in his role as horse-god, and foaled by the Gorgon Medusa.

Front 40

anthropomorphic

Back 40

the attribution of human characteristics to non-human creatures and beings, phenomena, material states and objects or abstract concepts

Front 41

foreshortening

Back 41

in the graphic arts, such as drawing, is an approximate representation, on a flat surface (such as paper), of an image as it is perceived by the eye.

Front 42

kouros

Back 42

the modern term given to those representations of male youths which first appear in the Archaic period in Greece

Front 43

kore

Back 43

the modern term given to those representations of female youths which first appear in the Archaic period in Greece (clothed)

Front 44

peplos

Back 44

a body-length Greek garment worn by women in the years before 500 BC

Front 45

chiton

Back 45

a form of clothing worn by men and women in Ancient Greece, from the Archaic period to the Hellenistic period

Front 46

himation

Back 46

a type of clothing in ancient Greece. It was usually worn over a chiton, but was made of heavier drape and played the role of a cloak.

Front 47

epiblema

Back 47

some sort of cloak that was worn