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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absolute Chronology
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dates of phenomena expressed in years or subdivisions of chronometric dates
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Relative Chronology
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a timeline expressed in events, not dates
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Synchronisms
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finding two objects together, having artifact A from one culture be dated by relating it to an already dated artifact (B) from a different culture
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Stratigraphy
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the study of rock layers and layering
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Stratum/Strata
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a sequence of rock layers in the geologic record
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Terminus Ante Quem
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the latest possible date an artifact could have been found
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Terminus Post Quem
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the earliest possible date an artifact could have been found
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Seriation
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a relative dating method where artifacts from the same culture are put in chronological order
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Typology
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classification of artifacts based on their characteristics
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Radiocarbon Dating
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a method of dating that determines how old an artifact is by measuring it's radioactive carbon levels since the clay was fired
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dendrochronology
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a form of dating by examining and measuring the rings in trees or dead wood
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thermoluminescence
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a method of dating clay objects, done by measuring the amount of radioactive material in the peice after it was fired
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resistivity survey
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a survey measuring the varied resistance of subsurface areas of land, thus revealing the presence/absence of ancient remains
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olympiad
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a period of 4 years
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hellas
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the ancient and modern term for Greece
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prehistoric
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a period of time in which history was not recorded
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paleolithic
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a prehistoric period in which the first stone tools and 99% of human techonolgical advancement was done
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franchthi cave
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a cave in Peloponnese - the oldest agricultural site in Greece
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neolithic
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a period of development (around 9500BC) commonly called the last part of the stone age
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helladic
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a period (323-31BC) in Greece
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cycladic
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an Early Bronze Age culture of the Cyclades in the Aegean Sea (spanning 3000BC – 2000BC)
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epigraphy
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the study of inscriptions or epigraphs engraved into stone or other durable materials
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numismatics
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the study or collection of currency, including coins, tokens, paper money, and related objects
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iconography
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the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images
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obsidian
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a volcanic glass used primarily to make cutting tools
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terracotta
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a clay-based unglazed ceramic
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amphora
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a type of ceramic vase with two handles and a long neck narrower than the body
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artifact
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any object made or modified by human culture, and often later recovered by an archeological endeavor
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scarab
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an iconographic symbol (of a dung beetle)
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Homer; Iliad and Odyssey
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a legendary ancient Greek epic poet who wrote those works
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plan
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typically any procedure to achieve an object
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actual-state plan
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showed exactly where stones were (on a map)
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cross-section
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open rooms (like a dollhouse)
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Vitruvius
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a Roman architect referred to as “the world’s first known engineer”, active in the 1st century
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Pliny the Elder
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a Roman naturalist who spent most of his spare time studying, writing, or investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field
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Pausanias
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a Greek traveler and geographer who wrote “The Descriptions of Greece” which is a major link between literature and archeology
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