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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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He is the known for being the father of history and is a main source for ancient greek history
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Herodotus
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What is the Basileus?
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Leader of State (changes in the 7th and 6th centuries)
Office or paramount Basileus either abolished or reduced in power. A sharing of power among other people, instead of having one king it was between others |
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what were the main reasons for Greek colonization?
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- Land Hunger
- Trade - Political (exile) |
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describe hopilite warfare
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- Equipment weighed 70 pounds
- Unbearably hot in the summer - Helmet restricted vision - Tight formation meant fallen men were trampled - Great Shame if a man broke formation - Skirmishes usually lasted about an hour – did not pursue fleeing enemy |
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this place was useful because it provided shopping, and was useful place to discuss politics and philosophy
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stoa of attalos
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he is our source for the Peloponnesian War, he was born around 460-400 BC. Sometime between 430-420, he got the plague but did survive from it, in 424, he was appointed a general for Athens and he was later exiled. During this time he writes about the facts of the War.
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Thucydides
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He made reforms that included men's dining rooms, use of iron bars for currency and the organization of males and females into cohorts
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Lycurgus
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What were the main principles of Spartan education?
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Conformity, Obedience, Group solidarity, Military skills, Taught to suffer and endure hardship
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What is the syssition?
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This is the group of men/military units that would live and train together. they ate and drank in moderation and oftern invited young boys to observe drunk helots.
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This is the term used for the prophecy that was given to Lycurgus by the oracle at delphi
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The Great Rhetra
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What is a Kleros?
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land that was given to each vitizen of Sparta. upon death is was given to a new spartan citizen
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What is the Gerousia
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Means assembly for old men. Oligarchic because there are 28 men over 60 (Gerontes =old men/elders) Usually wealthy and influential men (aristocratic) Election into Gerousia highest honour that a man could attain. All candidates names called out in assembly in order determined by lots. The loudest cheer for the man called out won the election And the term was for life
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These men represented the principles of Spartan law. They even had the power to impeach the kings. they also named the year after these men.
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ephors.
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what is the kryptea?
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the secret spartan police who supervised helots
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What are the four main parts of the Spartan gov and describe them breifly
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Kings( Basileis)- Exercised military, religious and judicial powers
Gerousia-assembly of old spartans Ephors-represented principles of spartan law the assembly- most democratic part of gov |
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Describe the three components of Athen's government
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1) Archons- Archon Basileus (religion), Polemarch (army), Eponymous archon (politically powerful)
2)Areopagus- former archons who made policy 3)Assembly- passed bills, possibly elected archons. |
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When was Athen's first attempt at tyranny and what is it called?
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Cylon decided he was going to be the tyrant of Athens in 632, so they decided to seize the Acropolis, but when they tried that they were attacked by the Athenians, and one of the supporters of Cylon took refuge in the temple and Cylon and his brother tried to rope down and the rope broke and they fell to their death
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Describe Draco's reforms.
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Most of these laws have to do with serious crimes, and the punishment that he describes is death
First law code of Athens - Penalty for most crimes was exile or death - Gave power to state over individual - Addressed judicial problems and blood guilt o There was no bias - Did nothing to aid economic problems (mostly for law) |
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Describe Solon's reforms.
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His reforms included forming classes based on farm production, abolished debt bondage, and revised draco's law reforms by lessining the severity of punishment for lower crimes
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In the 6th century, Athenians were loosely divided into which three political factions?
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men of the plains, coast and hills
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After three attempts, he became the leader of Athens and was responsible for Athen's first aquaduct and the temple of Olympian Zeus.
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Pisistratus
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What were Cleisthenes' reforms?
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He took men from each of the tribes to form a council of 500 known as the Boule. they;
- Prepared business for the Ecclesia (assembly) - Managed financial affairs - Managed Foreign affairs |
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Describe the main points of Pericles' funeral oration.
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-He stressed the importance of a democracy that was free, yet followed the strictness of the rule of law.
-talks about the purity of Athenian culture and their willingness to fight and their braveness. -he finishes by going on about these struggles Athenians had to go through to get there and all the lives that were lost. -this seems to be abit of a rallying speech meant to be get Athenians to support him in any future conflicts. |
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describe the peace of Callias
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- all Greek cities in Asia to be autonomous, not under the control of Persia or Athens
- Persian satraps not to approach sea to point beyond 3-days journey to it - No Persian warship to enter waters between Phaselis and Cyaneae - The Athenians withdrew all troops from Cyprus |
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Describe the thirty year peace.
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-only lasted for 15 years (446-432)
-Athens agreed to give back Nisaea, Pegar, Troezen and Achaea -Any differences between states were to be settled by arbitration` -Argos concluded a separate treaty with both Athens and Sparta which made it more or less neutral -During this peace Athens have their golden age. |
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describe the architecture of the parthanon
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Entasis- swelling of collumns to make it look straight
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