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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GREECE:
geography |
mainland on the south part of balkan peninsula; sea was important; no helpful rivers; mountains split greece; city-states, not an empire or kingdom
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golden age
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era of cultural process in greece in the 400s b.c.; athens was a symbol of the golden age; athens' wealth & power drew it artists and teachers; this made athens a center of learning and artistic achievement
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homer
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blind poet who wrote two epics - the iliad and the odyssey
- iliad: tells the legend of the trojan war - odyssey: what happened after the trojan war |
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persian wars
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series of conflicts; when greeks in the asia minor rebelled against the persians in 500 b.c.; lasted until 479 b.c.
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herodotus
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first historian of the world; traveled & included his views in his histories; called the "father of history"
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peloponnesian war
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war between athens and sparta in 431 b.c.
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socrates
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athenian; one of the most important thinkers of new era who taught education was key to personal growth; the socratic method was his way of teaching through questioning
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plato
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a wealthy young aristocrat and the greatest of socrates' students who wrote down socrates' ideas; founded the academy in athens after socrates died; wrote dialogues; dealt with government, education, justice, and education; developed the "theory of forms" where all material things were imperfections expressions of perfect and universal ideas; aristocracy - government ruled by an upper class
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aristotle
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plato's student at the academy; founded own school in athens in 335 b.c.; had a special skill for defining and classifying things; collected, described, and classified plants & animals; tried to learn what brings happiness & analyzed greek drama; wanted to create limited democracy
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polis
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greek word for city-state; greeks formed a lot of them during the 800s and 700s b.c.; developed around a fort; idea came to mean the fort, its city, & the lands and small farming villages around it that supplied its food
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athens
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located on the attic peninsula - least fertile areas in greece; built around the rocky hill of the acropolis;
Athenian society: 1) citizens - rich aristocrats or poor farmers; only athenian-born men had full political rights 2) metics - non citizens; merchants or artisans; free and paid same taxes; couldn't take part in government or own land 3) slaves had an aristocratic government with archons; first written laws = 621 b.c.; solon divided citizens into 4 wealth-based groups; nobles took back over after peisistratus in 527 b.c. |
