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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did the geography of Greece impact the development of city-states?
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Mountains and seas prevented Greece from uniting under one ruler and instead they emreged as independent city-states
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Describe the geography of Greece
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mountainous terrain, jagged coastline, good harbors, lack of arable land, mild climate
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Who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey?
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Homer
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Agora
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market place/meeting place for Greek governments
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What were the two Aegean civilizations that preceded classical Greek civilization?
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Minoan and Mycenaean
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Who was the leader of the Athenian Golden Age?
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Pericles
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Who fought in the Persian Wars?
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Greek city-states vs Persia
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Who won the Persian Wars?
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Greece, especially Athens
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Who fought in the Peloponnesian Wars?
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Athens (Delian League members) vs Sparta (Peloponnesian League)
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Who won the Peloponnesian Wars?
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Sparta
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What is a city-state?
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city that performs all the functions of an independent nation
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What does POLIS mean?
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city-state
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Why was Draco's code an improvement?
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it limited the power of the aristocracy and inconsistent punishments
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Who could be a citizen in Athens?
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all free (non-slave) adult males born in Athens
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Why were Solon's reforms important?
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the increased citizenship and participation in Athens' government
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What were the results of Greek colonization?
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spreading of Greek ideas (cultural diffusion), establishment of Greek colonies and trading ports, Greece gained control of the Aegean region
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What were the 2 main victories for Greece in the Persian Wars?
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Marathon and Salamis
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Why was the Battle of Marathon important?
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it gave Greeks a sense of confidence
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What caused the Peloponnesian Wars?
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Greek city-states were jealous of Athens and angry with them
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What were the results of the Peloponnesian War?
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weakened power of Athens, slowing Greek cultural achievements, Greeks lost their sense of community, Greece was ripe for attack by Philip of Macedon
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How was the Council of 500 chosen?
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lottery (by lot)
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What civilization's government provided the foundation for the government of the United States?
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Athens
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What sea did the Greeks control and colonize?
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Aegean
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Which city-state prided itself on its militaristic and simple lifestyle?
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Sparta
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What type of government did Sparta have?
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oligarchy
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The Greek alphabet is based on the alphabet of what civilization?
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Phoenicia
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Monarchy
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government where one person inherits his/her power; queen or king
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Tyranny
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government where one person seizes power often by unlawful means
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Aristocracy
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government by the wealthy/nobles
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Oligarchy
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government by a select few
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Democracy
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government controlled by the people
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oligarchy
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rule by a select few
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Zeus
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king of Olympic gods; god of weather
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Athena
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goddess of wisdom, warfare, crafts
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Hera
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queen of all Greek gods, motherhood, marriage and childbirth
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Apollo
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god of light and prophecy
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Aphrodite
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goddess of love and beauty
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