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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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greece was the single most important source of ...
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later wester civilization
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influence of geography
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mountains made overland travel difficult creating political fragmentation(independant city-started limiting farmland, much seacoast led them to open trade
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Minoans
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were a peaceful happy people whose women had rights relatively equal to men. based in crete they had a big trade network
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Mycenaean civilization
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more militaristic than minoans trades and raided turing on their minoan teachers, helping to destroy crete
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stories in Homer's Lliad and Odyssey
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Lliad was about the trojan war while oddysey consisted of advenures of odyesseus during long journey back home after trojan war
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histoical basis of Homer's Llliad and Odyssey
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archeological evidence suggests that Homer's Troy did exist and that Mycenaens may have waged war against trade rival Troy
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Polis
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a greek city-state
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who was included in and excluded from citizenship
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native born male adults were citizens women, slaves, and resident aliens, were not.
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differences between Athens and Sparta
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athens valued arts, philosophy, foreign travel, and democracy, whle Sparta valued warefare
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Cleisthenes
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was a true founder of Athenian democracy (creating town meetings, citizen concil that made government descisions)
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Ostracism
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ancient greek practise of expulsion (exile) of a citizen from a city-state by a majority vote of other citizens
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why Sparta became so Militaristic
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due to messinian rebelians which forced Spartans to be onguard constantly
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Persian wars orgin
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athens backed lonian revoult against persia
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result of persian wars
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athens and sparta beat persia
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persian wars: turning point
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in wester civilization. greeks, not persians, had most influence thereafter; common mar capable of rule
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Peloponnesian war: cause
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athens attacked a spartan ally
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Peloponnesian war: the combatants
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athens and delian league vs. sparta and allies
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outcome of the peloponnesian war
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ended in a spartan victory but with heavy losses for both sides
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Pericles
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for over 30yrs he was like the mayor of athens
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Pericles' democratic reforms
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he paid jurors and and paid people to attend the assembly, and created new courts
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Pericles' shortcomings
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he made the other city-states pay athens tribut, which he spent partly on beutifying athens
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how and why greece was conquered
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Philip of Macedon conquered it largely because greek city-states fought among themselves for generations
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greek role in, and definition of, philosophy
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they originated(created) philosophy, which they defined as the love of wisdom of all kinds
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Hippocrates
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father of scientific medicine, creator of the hippocratic oath
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Empiricism
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the creation of general therios (such as medicine or natural science) only after careful observation of measurable aspect of the world
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Socrates
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Athens executed him for misleading the youth and defying gods. He said: I know thyself, the unexamined life is not worth living and virtue if more important than riches
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Plato
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author of "the republic, the 1st systematic political science work, said state's purpose was to satisfy the common good. Pessimistic about democracy
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Metaphor of the cave
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Plato said that most humans can only see shadows of reality like shadows one sees in a cave with fire
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Aristotle
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a universal genius skilled in many areas of study (from math to medicine) he created inductive and deductive reasoning (latter=syllogism)
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Cynicism
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anti-materialistic belief not very popular arguing that poverty and simplicity were the proper way to live
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Epicureanism
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sought the good life, that is pleasure by avoiding pain, especially mental pain. seek inner peace by going inward, leading to political indefferince
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stoicism
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founded by Zeno it said that you should accept your part in life's drama and beleved in the brotherhood of man and natural law
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