Great Depression And New Deal

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Great Depression

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1930s
severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II
It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century

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Black Tuesday

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The Wall Street Crash of 1929 (October 1929), also known as the Great Crash, and the Stock Market Crash of 1929, was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States, taking into consideration the full extent and duration of its fallout

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Dust Bowl

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a period of severe dust storms causing major ecological and agricultural damage to American and Canadian prairie lands from 1930 to 1936 (in some areas until 1940
Millions of acres of farmland became useless, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to leave their homes; many of these families (often known as "Okies", since so many came from Oklahoma) migrated to California and other states, where they found economic conditions little better during the Great Depression than those they had left.

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Gross National Product

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market value of all products and services produced in one year by labor and property supplied by the residents of a country

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Herbert Hoover

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31st president
President during the Crash of 1929
Ranked poorly among former US presidents

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Franklin D Roosevelt

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32nd President of the United States (1933–1945)
New Deal
Social Security

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20th Amendment

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establishes the beginning and ending of the terms of the elected federal offices. It also deals with scenarios in which there is no President-elect. The Twentieth Amendment was ratified on January 23, 1933.

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New Deal

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series of economic programs implemented in the United States between 1933 and 1936 programs were responses to the Great Depression, and focused on relief, recovery, and reformproduced a political realignment, making the Democratic Party the majority

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Frances Perkins

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U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman appointed to the U.S. Cabinet. helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal coalition

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Fireside Chats

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The fireside chats were a series of thirty evening radio speeches given by United States President Franklin D. RoosRoosevelt urged listeners to have faith in the banks and to support his New Deal measures. The "fireside chats" were considered enormously successful evelt between 1933 and 1944.

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FDIC

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United States government corporation created by the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933. It provides deposit insurance, which guarantees the safety of deposits in member banksexamines and supervises certain financial institutions for safety and soundness, performs certain consumer-protection functions, and manages banks in receiverships (failed banks).

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Public Work Administration

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part of the New Deal
It concentrated on the construction of large-scale public works such as dams and bridges, with the goal of providing employment, stabilizing purchasing power, and contributing to a revival of American industry

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Civilian Conservation Corps

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part of the new deal
a public work relief program in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men, ages 18–25, between 1933-42
provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments

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Schechter v. U.S.

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(1935), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that invalidated regulations of the poultry industry according to the nondelegation doctrine and as an invalid use of Congress' power under the commerce clause. Notably, this was a unanimous decision that declared unconstitutional the National Industrial Recovery Act, a main component of President Roosevelt's New Deal.

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Securities Exchange Commission

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federal agency which holds primary responsibility for enforcing the federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry, the nation's stock and options exchanges, and other electronic securities markets

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Second New Deal

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the second stage of the New Deal programs
1935-36, and includes programs to redistribute wealth, income and power in favor of the poor, the old, farmers and labor unions

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Works Progress Administration

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the largest and most ambitious New Deal agency, employing millions to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads, and operated large arts, drama, media, and literacy projects. It fed children and redistributed food, clothing, and housing. Almost every community in the United States had a park, bridge or school constructed by the agency

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Wagner Act of 1935

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limits the means with which employers may react to workers in the private sector who create labor unions, engage in collective bargaining, and take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands.

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Social Security Act 1935

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Social Security is a social insurance program that is funded through dedicated payroll taxes called Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA). Tax deposits are formally entrusted to the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, or the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund

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Huey Long

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Long created the Share Our Wealth program in 1934 with the motto "Every Man a King", proposing new wealth redistribution measures in the form of a net asset tax on corporations and individuals to curb the poverty and hopelessness endemic nationwide during the Great Depression.

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John L. Lewis

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American leader of organized labor who served as president of the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) from 1920 to 1960. A major player in the history of coal mining, he was the driving force behind the founding of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), which established the United Steel Workers of America and helped organize millions of other industrial workers in the 1930s. After resigning as head of the CIO in 1941, he took the Mine Workers out of the CIO in 1942 and in 1944 took the union into the American Federation of Labor (AFL).