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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Edward Titchener
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Broke consciousness down into elements or specific mental structures
Sensations and thoughts are structures as well |
Structuralist
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Edward Hall
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Studied proxemics, the measureable distance between people as they interacted
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Aaron Beck
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Cognitive therapy for depression that aims to replace negative or irrational thoughts with more reasonable, adaptive ones
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Cognitive-Behavioral Therapist
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Albert Bandura
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Social learning theory that states we learn behavior through vicarious reinforcement
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Behaviorist
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Julian Rotter
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Internal/external loci of control
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Trait Theorist
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Erik Erickson
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In a psychoanalytic and psychosocial framework, he expanded Freud's theories to cover entire lifespan
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Ego Psychologist
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John Garcia
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The Garcia Effect states that different species have innate predispositions to learn different thing in different ways
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Albert Ellis
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Rational-emotive therapy states that irrational beliefs about self impair goal attainment and aims to repair those beliefs
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Cognitive-Behavioral Therapist
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Karen Horney
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Devised theory that personality governed by one of ten needs
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Psychoanalytic Theorist
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Martin Seligman
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Learned helplessness theory of depression
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Behaviorist
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Howard Gardner
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Theory of multiple intelligences: linguistic, logical/math, spatial, musical, bodily, interpersonal, and intrapersonal
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McClelland & Rumelhart
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Parallel distributed processing views cognition and behavior as an interconnected network of simple units
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Raymond Cattell
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Theorized fluid versus crystallized intelligence
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Gordon Allport
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Cardinal, central, and secondary traits are responsible for behavior and personality.
Functional Autonomy Idiographic vs. nomothetic |
Trait Theorist
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David McClelland
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Need for Achievement
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Herman Witkin
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Field dependence
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Darley & Latane
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Studied social influence and diffusion of responsibility in altruism/bystander intervention
Pluralistic ignorance |
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Walter Cannon
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Studied autonomic nervous system
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Arthur Jensen
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Argued that intelligence as measured by IQ tests is almost entirely genetic. Also focused on differences in IQ scores across race.
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Leon Festinger
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Cognitive Dissonance--conflict when attitudes not in sync with behavior.
Minimal justification effect |
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Klein, Winnicott, Mahler & Kernberg
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Object-relations theory
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Louis Thurstone
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Identified 7 primary mental abilities as measure of intelligence
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Robert Zajonc
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Emission of dominant responses/mere exposure effect
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Herman Ebbinghaus
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Method of Savings
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Noam Chomsky
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Best known for work on generative and transformational grammar
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Linguist
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David Rosenhan
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Investigated effects of being labeled mentally ill by being admitted into psychiatric hospital, though otherwise normal
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Ewald Hering
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Opponent-process theory of color vision
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Thomas Szasz
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The Myth of Mental Illness. Mental disorders are disorders because they differ from the social norm.
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Kurt Lewin
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Leadership styles: Autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire
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AR Luria
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Studied numerous neurological disorders such as aphasia
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James Stoner
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Group polarization: tendency for group discussion to enhance group's initial tendencies towards riskiness or caution
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Eagly
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Gender differences not due to gender per se, but differing social roles
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Muzafer Sherif
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Robber's Cave Experiment: Goals best obtained thru intergroup cooperation. Dramatically improves intergroup relations.
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George Sperling
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Devised partial-report procedure for studying the limits of memory and recall
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Keller & Breland
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Instinctual Drift
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Behaviorists
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Young & Helmhotz
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Trichromatic theory of color vision states that cones have red, blue, and green receptors. Ratio of activity determines color.
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John Locke
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Tabula rasa: the mind is a blank slate at birth
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Niko Tinbergen
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Introduced experimental methods into natural animal habitats
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Philip Zimbardo
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Prison simulation. Found that people are more likely to commit antisocial acts if they feel anonymous.
Deindividuation |
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Irving Janis
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Groupthink: tendency of decision making groups to strive for consensus by ignoring discordant info
Risky shift: group decisions are riskier than the average of individual choices. Value hypothesis |
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