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574 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Thane
|
Soldier, warrior, loyal to a noble and protected by that noble
|
|
Athel
|
Nobleman
|
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His
|
Its
|
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Hem
|
Them
|
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Hir
|
Their
|
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Perced
|
Parched
|
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Swich
|
Such
|
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Eek
|
Also
|
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Soote
|
Fresh
|
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Yë
|
eye
|
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Smale
|
Small
|
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Couthe
|
Known
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Holpen
|
Helped
|
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Seke
|
Sick
|
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Ful
|
Very
|
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Aventure
|
Chance
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Wolden
|
Would
|
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Devise
|
Describe
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Natheless
|
Nonetheless, nevertheless
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Thanne
|
Then
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Werre
|
War
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Ferre
|
Farther
|
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Hetheness
|
Heathen lands
|
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Foughten
|
Fought
|
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Thries
|
Thrice, three times
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Ay
|
Always
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Ilke
|
Same
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Again
|
Against
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Pris
|
Reputation
|
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Port
|
Demeanor
|
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Verray
|
True (verité)
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Parfit
|
Perfect
|
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Gentil
|
Noble
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Hors
|
Horse
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Late
|
Lately, recently, just a little while ago
|
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Wered
|
Wore
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Greet
|
Great
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Rede
|
Red
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Namo
|
No more
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Arwes
|
Arrows
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Bar
|
Bore, endured
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Thriftily
|
Properly
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Takel
|
Gear
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Coude
|
Knew
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Soothly
|
Truly
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Soong
|
Sung
|
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Scole
|
School
|
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Leet
|
Let
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Mete
|
Meals
|
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Over-lippe
|
Upper lip
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Coppe
|
Cup
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Grece
|
Grease
|
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Sikerly
|
Certainly
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Pitous
|
Merciful
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Deed
|
Dead
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Yën
|
Eyes
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Therto
|
Moreover
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Reed
|
Red
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War
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Aware
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Smal
|
Dainty
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Daintee
|
Fine
|
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Able
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Worthy
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Pace
|
Pass (as in "pass away")
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Been
|
Are
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Til
|
To
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Gris
|
Grey, grey fur
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Souple
|
Supple
|
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Can
|
Knows
|
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Of
|
By
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Pitaunce
|
Donation
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Wiste
|
Knew
|
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Hostiler
|
Inn keeper, host
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Beggestere
|
Better
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Sike
|
Sick
|
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Avaunce
|
Profit
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Sho
|
Shoe
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Widwe
|
Window
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Fetisly
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Elegantly
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Winning
|
Profit
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Bisette
|
Employed
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I noot
|
Means "I don't know"
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Holwe
|
Hollow
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Office
|
Secular employment
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Fithele
|
Fiddle
|
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Scoleye
|
Study (remember: scole=school)
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Plein
|
Full
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Science
|
Knowledge
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Nas
|
Was not
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Ceint
|
Belt (in French, ceinture=belt)
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Delit
|
Delight
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Plentevous
|
Plentious
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Mete
|
Food
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Anlaas
|
Dagger
|
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Chaped
|
Mounted (he chaped a hors=he got on a horse)
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Knowe
|
Recognize
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By weste
|
In the west
|
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Hewe
|
Hue, color
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Hyer
|
Upper (the hyer hand=the upper hand)
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Bisides
|
All around, surrounded
|
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For
|
Because
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Yknow
|
Known
|
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Norissing
|
Nourishment
|
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Drogges
|
Drugs
|
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Pers
|
Blue
|
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Somdeel deef
|
A bit deaf
|
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Wroth
|
Angry, wrathful
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Withouten
|
Without, not counting
|
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Carpe
|
Talk
|
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Parchaunce
|
As it so happened (i.e. by chance)
|
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Person
|
Parson
|
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Trewly
|
Truly, faithfully
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Wonder
|
Wonderfully
|
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Hoole
|
Whole
|
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Catel
|
Property (think "chatel")
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Brood
|
Broad
|
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Ensample
|
Example
|
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Meschief
|
Misfortune
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Substaunce
|
Property
|
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Preved
|
Proved
|
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Sithes
|
Times
|
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Sithen
|
Happened, occurred, it was, been. Archaic past participle of "to be."
|
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Figure
|
Metaphor
|
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Lewed
|
Uneducated
|
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Shiten
|
Befouled, tainted (think "covered in shit")
|
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Leet
|
Left
|
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It
|
If there
|
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Snibben
|
Scold
|
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Trowe
|
Believe
|
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Lore
|
Teaching
|
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Tho
|
Those
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Caughte
|
Took
|
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Ylad
|
Carried
|
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Dong
|
Dung
|
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Dike
|
Work hard
|
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Delve
|
Dig
|
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Mere
|
Mare, female horse
|
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Renning
|
Running
|
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Carl
|
Fellow
|
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Brawn
|
Muscle
|
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Eres
|
Ears
|
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Bockeler
|
Buckler, type of shield
|
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Werte
|
Wart
|
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Nosethirles
|
Nostrils
|
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Furnais
|
Furnace
|
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Janglere
|
Chatterer, chatterbox
|
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Harlotries
|
Obscenities (makes sense, right? Harlots)
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Soune
|
Sound
|
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Vitaile
|
Victuals
|
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Pace
|
Pass, as in "surpass," better, more
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Falle
|
Befall, happen, occur
|
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Sclendre
|
Slender
|
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Yseene
|
Visible (makes sense if you think of it as "yë," or eye, + seen. Means "seen by the eye.")
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Biforn
|
Before, in front of
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Stoor
|
Stock (that which you store)
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Sin
|
Since
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Adrad
|
Afraid
|
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Prively
|
Privately, secretly
|
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Astored
|
Stored, stocked up on
|
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Good
|
Property
|
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A good "mister"
|
A good occupation
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Highte
|
Was named
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Surcote
|
Overcoat, coat, jacket
|
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Fir-reed
|
Fire-red
|
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Hoot
|
Hot
|
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Aferd
|
Afraid
|
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Wood
|
Mad
|
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Grope
|
Examine, study, search for meaning in (sort of like groping at an idea)
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Harlot
|
Rascal
|
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Suffre
|
Permit, bear, allow
|
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Foond
|
Found
|
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Owher
|
Anywhere
|
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If
|
Unless
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Cursing
|
Excommunication (cursing of the church)
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Compeer
|
Comrade, friend
|
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Conseil
|
Secrets
|
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Heeng
|
Hung
|
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Jolity
|
Joviality, happiness, nonchalance, insousiance, blitheful, care-free
|
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Overspradde
|
Overspread, spread all over with something
|
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Smal
|
High-pitched (think small, high note)
|
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Hente
|
Seized
|
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Jesu Crist
|
Jesus Christ
|
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Crois
|
Cross
|
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Rood
|
Cross
|
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Upon
|
In
|
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Japes
|
Tricks
|
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Storye
|
Liturgical narrative, religious story
|
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Merierly
|
More merrily
|
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Viage
|
Trip, voyage
|
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Cheere
|
Behavior, attitude
|
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Proprely
|
Accurately
|
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Charge
|
Responsibility
|
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Moot
|
Must
|
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Al
|
Although
|
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Vilainye
|
Rudeness
|
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Anoon
|
At once, immediately
|
|
Bergeis
|
Burgher, resident, townsperson
|
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Hertely
|
Heartily
|
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Fain
|
Gladly
|
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Erst
|
Before (Think "erstwhile" as in "formerly")
|
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But
|
Unless
|
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Seeche
|
Seek, search
|
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Shorte
|
Shorten
|
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Twaye
|
Two
|
|
Sentence
|
Meaning
|
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Whilom
|
Once upon a time
|
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Mo
|
More
|
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Pris
|
Price
|
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Fet
|
Fetched, got
|
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Eechoon
|
Each one
|
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Lenger
|
Longer
|
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Amorwe
|
In the morning
|
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Arreste
|
Halt (like in French, arrête=stop)
|
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Accorde
|
To agree
|
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Mote
|
May
|
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Shamefastnesse
|
Modesty
|
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Soothe
|
Truth
|
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Troth
|
Faithfulness, loyalty
|
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Fil
|
Fell, fell to, went to
|
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Moste
|
Must
|
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Conne
|
Can
|
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Quite
|
Repay
|
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Nolde
|
Would not (looks like "would" and there's an N in front of it. Like "nas" meaning "was not.")
|
|
Can
|
Know
|
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Leve
|
Dear
|
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Legende
|
Saint's life, or a tale of a saint's life
|
|
Cokewold
|
Cuckold, to make a man a cuckold, to have sex with his wife
|
|
Fame
|
Reputation
|
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Oon
|
A one, someone
|
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Pardee
|
By God, allowed by heaven
|
|
Privetee
|
Secrets
|
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Enquere
|
Inquire
|
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Bet
|
Better
|
|
Falsen
|
Falsify
|
|
Yheere
|
Hear
|
|
Chese
|
Choose
|
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Leef
|
Page, leaf of a book
|
|
Harlotrye
|
Ribaldry, good times over obscene jokes
|
|
Gnof
|
Churl, rude, boorish person
|
|
Fantasye
|
Desire
|
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Axed
|
Asked
|
|
Cleped
|
Called
|
|
Swoote
|
Sweet
|
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Roong
|
Rang
|
|
Newe
|
Lately, recently
|
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Elde
|
Age, elderly-ness
|
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Wesele
|
Wasel
|
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Morne
|
Morning
|
|
Lendes
|
Loins
|
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Broiden
|
Embroidered
|
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Coler
|
Collar
|
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Of
|
With
|
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Wolle
|
Wool
|
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Girdel
|
Belt
|
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Popelote
|
Doll
|
|
Joly
|
High-spirited
|
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Eft
|
Again
|
|
Fil
|
Happened
|
|
Quanite
|
Clever
|
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Ich
|
I, personal pronoun as in "me, myself, and I"
|
|
Harrow
|
Help
|
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Waite
|
Be on guard, wait for danger, keep a look out
|
|
Derne
|
Secret
|
|
Thakked
|
Patted
|
|
Haliday
|
Holy day (which is where we get "holiday" from)
|
|
Child
|
Young man
|
|
Ycleped
|
Called, named
|
|
Strokes
|
Blows, strikes, hitting, by force
|
|
Squaimous
|
Squeamish
|
|
Namely
|
Especially
|
|
Love-longinge
|
Love-longing, lovesickness
|
|
Shoon
|
Shone
|
|
Paramours
|
Love ("amour" is right there, in the word)
|
|
Jolif
|
Pretty (French: Jolie"
|
|
Bowre
|
Bedroom
|
|
Everydeel
|
Every bit
|
|
Waketh
|
Stays awake
|
|
Meeth
|
Mead, beer
|
|
Wafres
|
Pastries
|
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Meede
|
Money
|
|
Scaffold
|
Platform, stage
|
|
Wood
|
Furious, angry
|
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Beer
|
Bear
|
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Nye
|
Nearby
|
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Shapen
|
Arrange
|
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Wile
|
Trick (think "wiley")
|
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Hire
|
Hers
|
|
She niste
|
"She didn't know"
|
|
Trowed
|
Believed
|
|
Falle
|
Happen, befall
|
|
Thilke
|
This
|
|
Eet
|
Ate
|
|
Sleep
|
Slept
|
|
A
|
On
|
|
Woodnesse
|
Madness
|
|
Sterres
|
Stars
|
|
Spitously
|
Vehemently (think "so vehemently, spit came out with his words")
|
|
Wentestou
|
"Wentest thou?" Or, rather, "Did you go?"
|
|
Swinke
|
Work
|
|
Mighty
|
Strong
|
|
Lief
|
Loved, beloved
|
|
Trouthe
|
Word of honor
|
|
Forlore
|
Lost
|
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Sely
|
Innocent
|
|
Noees
|
Noah's (Noees flood=Noah's flood)
|
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Dreint
|
Drowned
|
|
Drenche
|
To drown
|
|
Lese
|
To lose
|
|
Heed
|
Head
|
|
Lorn
|
Lost
|
|
Yore
|
Long ago (days of yore=days of long ago)
|
|
Er
|
Before
|
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In
|
Lodging (think "Inn")
|
|
Fy
|
Fie, fuck that, a curse on that
|
|
Madde
|
Go mad, go crazy
|
|
Hire
|
Her
|
|
Doke
|
Duck
|
|
Clepe
|
Call
|
|
Avised
|
Advised against, warned of
|
|
Space
|
Time
|
|
Scape
|
Escape
|
|
Affeccioun
|
Emotion
|
|
Deepe
|
Deeply
|
|
Verrailiche
|
Truly
|
|
Drenchen
|
Drown
|
|
Siketh
|
Sighs
|
|
In
|
Dwelling
|
|
Shette
|
Shut
|
|
Dressed
|
Arranged
|
|
Clomben
|
Climbed
|
|
Eft
|
Then
|
|
Lith
|
Lies
|
|
Solas
|
Pleasure, joy, entertainment
|
|
Freres
|
Friars
|
|
Wirche
|
Work
|
|
Mote
|
May
|
|
Rist
|
Rises
|
|
Kembd
|
Combed
|
|
Beer
|
Bore
|
|
Rometh
|
Roam about, stroll
|
|
Lemman
|
Sweetheart
|
|
Swelte
|
Melt (think of the sweltering sun, that melts things)
|
|
Turtle
|
Dove
|
|
Com-pa-ma
|
Come-kiss-me
|
|
Stille
|
Quietly
|
|
Savourly
|
With relish
|
|
Long yherd
|
Long haired
|
|
Beerd
|
Beard
|
|
Corpus
|
The body
|
|
Satanas
|
Satan
|
|
Despit
|
Insult
|
|
Yqueint
|
Quenched
|
|
Heled
|
Healed, cured
|
|
Defye
|
Renounce
|
|
Weep
|
Wept
|
|
Esily
|
Quietly
|
|
Chimenee
|
Fireplace
|
|
Dereling
|
Dear-ling, darling
|
|
Jape
|
Joke, to joke, to trick
|
|
With
|
By
|
|
Yblent
|
Blinded
|
|
Thonder-dent
|
Thunderbolt
|
|
Toute
|
Buttocks
|
|
Wood
|
Crazy
|
|
Smert
|
Smart, sting, cause pain
|
|
Brosten
|
Broken
|
|
Keeping
|
Guarding, keeping safe, watching out for
|
|
Nones
|
Occasion
|
|
Axe
|
Ask
|
|
Digne
|
Worthy (having dignity, worth)
|
|
Leven
|
Believe
|
|
Lordinges
|
Gentlemen (lord-ings)
|
|
Ones
|
Once
|
|
Which
|
What
|
|
Woot
|
Know
|
|
Wit
|
Knowledge
|
|
Scoleying
|
Schooling
|
|
Defended
|
Prohibited
|
|
Shrewed
|
Cursed
|
|
Drede
|
Doubt
|
|
Maidenhede
|
Virginity
|
|
Nis
|
Is not ("Is" with an N in front of it)
|
|
Yaf
|
Gave
|
|
Renneth
|
Runs
|
|
Fir
|
Fire
|
|
Tree
|
Wood
|
|
Glose
|
Like modern "gloss," interpret
|
|
Dette
|
Debt
|
|
Maide
|
Virgin
|
|
Dettour
|
Debtor
|
|
Withal
|
As well
|
|
Propre
|
Own ("his propre body"="his own body")
|
|
Sterte
|
Started
|
|
What
|
Why
|
|
Nil
|
Will not ("Will" canceled out by the N in front)
|
|
Fay
|
Faith
|
|
Chidde
|
Chided
|
|
Songen
|
Sung ("en" always marks past tense in Middle English)
|
|
Overal
|
Everywhere, wherever
|
|
Parage
|
Parentage, descent, lineage
|
|
Malencolye
|
Malcontent, in a bad humor
|
|
Outher
|
Either
|
|
Foul
|
Ugly
|
|
To chepe
|
Bargain for, get things cheap
|
|
Make
|
Mate
|
|
Levene
|
Lightning
|
|
Entendeth
|
Aims, intentions, that which was intended
|
|
Dropping
|
Leaking
|
|
Shrewe
|
Rascal
|
|
Bye
|
Buy
|
|
Norice
|
Nurse
|
|
Kindely
|
Naturally
|
|
Grucching
|
Grumbling, grousing (think "grouching")
|
|
Habit
|
Clothing
|
|
Loke
|
Lock
|
|
Thar
|
Need
|
|
Whan
|
When
|
|
Thanne
|
Then
|
|
Lasse
|
Less
|
|
Senge
|
Singe
|
|
Slik
|
Sleek
|
|
Renne
|
Run
|
|
Keepe
|
Guard
|
|
Yit
|
Yet
|
|
Ferthe
|
Fourth
|
|
Bonde
|
Bound, by a bond
|
|
Brent
|
Burnt
|
|
Pine
|
Suffering
|
|
Plaine
|
Complain
|
|
Spilt
|
Ruined
|
|
Wende
|
Thought
|
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Raunson
|
Ransom
|
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Ba
|
Kiss
|
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Suffrable
|
Patient (as in French)
|
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Tooth
|
Taste
|
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Revelour
|
Reveler
|
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Smale
|
Gracefully
|
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Birafte
|
Bereft, deprived
|
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Boote
|
Good
|
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Pith
|
Vigor
|
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Preciously
|
Expensively (decorated preciously=decorated expensively)
|
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Cheste
|
Box. Usually used as "coffin" (box for a body) or "money chest" (box for money)
|
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Daliaunce
|
Flirtatiousness
|
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Sterte
|
Run
|
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Dame
|
Mother
|
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Bitokeneth
|
Signifies, is a token of, suggest, indicates
|
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Moten
|
Must, had to
|
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Purveyed
|
Provided
|
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Hold
|
Possession (in the hold of=in the possession of)
|
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Seel
|
Seal
|
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Wel-bigoon
|
Well-situated
|
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Ay
|
Ever
|
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He liked me
|
He PLEASED me, or, rather, I liked HIM
|
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Stibourne
|
Stubborn, untamed
|
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Geestes
|
Stories
|
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Lafte
|
Left (as in "to leave")
|
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Someres
|
Summer's
|
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Galwes
|
Gallows
|
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Rente
|
Rent, tore
|
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Disport
|
Entertainment
|
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Vacacioun
|
Free time
|
|
An impossible
|
An impossibility
|
|
Dispense
|
Spending
|
|
Writ
|
Writes
|
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Tho
|
Then
|
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Stinte
|
Stops
|
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Shrewednesse
|
Malice
|
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Ouche
|
Trinket
|
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Likerous
|
Lecherous
|
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Algates
|
In every way
|
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Cors
|
Corpse
|
|
Bithinke
|
Imagine
|
|
Wikked
|
Perverse
|
|
Womman
|
Woman
|
|
Mordred
|
Murdered
|
|
Biseeke
|
Beseech, ask, plea
|
|
Lough
|
Laughed
|
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Bishrewe
|
Curse
|
|
Moorne
|
Mourn
|
|
Mede
|
Meadow
|
|
Disfigure
|
Deformity
|
|
She thoughte that she dyde
|
She thought that she would die
|
|
Faste
|
Close
|
|
Under
|
By
|
|
Way
|
Road
|
|
Conne
|
Know
|
|
Moder
|
Mother
|
|
Pruddeste of hem alle
|
Proudest of them all
|
|
Pistel
|
Message
|
|
Bode
|
Bidden to, asked to, told to
|
|
Best
|
Beast
|
|
Han
|
To have
|
|
Ich kept thy life
|
I saved your life
|
|
Benedicite
|
Bless me
|
|
Lothly
|
Loathsome, hideous
|
|
Winde
|
Turn
|
|
Breste
|
Break
|
|
So
|
Provided that
|
|
Thenne
|
Thence, from that place, from that time on. (Thenne to Rome=and from there onto Rome)
|
|
Boren
|
Born
|
|
Renomee
|
Reknown
|
|
Poverte
|
Poverty
|
|
Wilful
|
Voluntary, of one's own volition
|
|
Chees
|
Choose
|
|
Wheither
|
Whichever
|
|
Cheseth
|
Choose
|
|
Tomorn
|
Tomorrow morning
|
|
Hente
|
Took
|
|
Shorte
|
Shorten
|
|
Doost
|
Make
|
|
Cake
|
Loaf of bread
|
|
Lere
|
Learn
|
|
Honeste
|
Decent
|
|
Whenne
|
From what place? What origin? What cause? (Why?)
|
|
Contrefete
|
Imitate
|
|
Dees
|
Dice
|
|
Sleen
|
Slay, kill
|
|
Crist bought us with his blood
|
Christ redeemed us with his blood
|
|
Defended tree
|
Forbidden tree
|
|
Wombe
|
Belly
|
|
Cristes
|
Christ's
|
|
Spicerye
|
Spices
|
|
Sepulture
|
Burial
|
|
Looketh
|
Look, see, behold
|
|
Deide
|
Died
|
|
Lacedomye
|
Sparta
|
|
Historia Regum Britanniae
|
History of the Kings of Britain, by Geoffrey of Monmouth
|
|
Lightly
|
Easily
|
|
Ook
|
Oak
|
|
Swithe
|
Swiftly, quickly
|
|
Treden
|
Stepped, walked, trudged, tread
|
|
Inde
|
India
|
|
Welked is my face
|
Withered is my face
|
|
Hoor upon his heed
|
Hoary (white) hair upon his head. (Suggests he is old, wise)
|
|
Feend
|
Fiend (usually the devil)
|
|
Quelle
|
Kill
|
|
Fest
|
Fist
|
|
Departed
|
Divided into parts
|
|
Lustes
|
Desires (what you lust for)
|
|
Trone
|
Throne
|
|
Beye
|
Buy
|
|
Stroven
|
Died
|
|
Cast
|
Plotted
|
|
For right as they had cast his deeth bifore, right so they han him slain, and that anoon.
|
Just as they had plotted his death before, they had him slain immediately.
|
|
Luxure
|
Lechery
|
|
Unkinde
|
Unnatural
|
|
Thou art so fals and unkinde
|
You are so false and unnatural
|
|
Male
|
Bag
|
|
Everich
|
Everyone
|
|
Rede
|
Advise
|
|
Envoluped
|
Involved in
|
|
Everichoon
|
Everyone, each one
|
|
Tord
|
Turd
|
|
Stape in age
|
Advanced in age
|
|
Shente
|
Hurt
|
|
Ey
|
Egg
|
|
Drye
|
Dry
|
|
Yeerd
|
Yard
|
|
Crew
|
Crowed (the cock crew=the cock crowed)
|
|
Burned
|
Burnished, polished, brass-colored and shiny
|
|
Loken
|
Locked
|
|
Lith
|
Limb
|
|
Rore
|
Roar
|
|
Free
|
Generous
|
|
Daun
|
Master
|
|
Fer
|
Far away
|
|
Tide
|
Time
|
|
Ectore
|
Hector
|
|
Venimes
|
Poisons
|
|
Neveradeel
|
Not a bit
|
|
Nice
|
Foolish
|
|
Flatour
|
Flatterer
|
|
As
|
As if
|
|
Fructuous
|
Fruitful
|
|
What characterizes Old English verse?
|
1. It is alliterative. 2. It is based on the number of accented syllables (unaccented syllables do not count.) 3. There is a central pause called a "caesura."
Example: Beaowulf waes breme----blaed wide sprang Translation: Beowul was famous, his fame wide sprung |