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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adenosine is an ____ and is used for _____?
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Antiarrhythmic
SVT WPW |
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First and second dose of Adenosine is?
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0.1 mg/kg max 6mg
0.2 mg/kg max 12 mg |
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Actions of Adenosine?
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Briefly blocks conduction through the AV node.
Stimulates adenosine receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscles. |
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Albuterol is an _____ and is used for _____?
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Bronchodilator / B2 adrenergic agent
Asthma Anaphylaxis Hyperkalemia |
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Albuterol dose is?
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2.5 mg in 2.5ml max 20
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Albuterol actions?
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Bronchodilation
Vasodilation Movement of potassium into intracellular space (causing serum potassium to fall) |
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Contraindications of Albuterol?
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Tachyarrhythmias
Severe cardiac disease hpersensivity |
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Amiodarone is a _____ and is used for _____?
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antiarrhythmic
SVT VF VT w or w/o a pulse |
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Amiodarone dose?
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5 mg/kg (max 300 mg) may be given up to 15 mg/kg
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Amiodarone's actions
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Slows sinus rate
Prolongs PR and QT intervals inhibits A and B receptors Prolongs action potential |
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Contraindications of Amiodarone?
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2nd or 3rd degree block
sinus node dysfunction |
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Atropine is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Anticholinergic
Symptomatic bradycardias Organophosphate overdose RSI for pt under 1 y/o |
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Atropine dose for Bradycardia?
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0.02 mg/kg (min dose 0.1mg) (max dose 0.5 mg)
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Atropine dose for organophosphate overdose?
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0.02 to 0.05 mg/kg, q 20 until symptoms reverse
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Atropine's actions?
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Blocks acetylcholine
Increases heart rate and cardiac output Blocks Vegal stimulation |
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Contraindications of Atropine?
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Narrow angle glaucoma
tachyarrhymithias thyrotoxicosis |
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Calcium Chloride is an _____ and is used for _____?
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Electrolyte
HYPO CA lcemia HYPER K alemia |
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Calcium chloride dose?
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20 mg/kg (0.2mL/kg) slow
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Calcium Chlorides actions
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Affects secretory activity of endocrine and exocrine glands.
Maintains nervous, muscular, skeletal systems, blood coagulation, and cardiac contractility |
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Contraindications of Calcium Chloride?
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Hypercalcemia, digitalis toxicity, VF
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Dexamethasone is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Corticosteroid
Croup Asthma Cerebral edema (from brain tumor or abscess) |
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Dose of dexamethasone?
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0.6 mg/kg (max dose 16 mg)
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Dose of dexamethasone for cerebral edema?
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1 to 2 mg/kg (max dose 16 mg)
for croup and asthma use 0.6 mg/kg |
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Actions of Dexamethasone?
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Inhibits vascular leaking
helps restore responsiveness to catecholamines. reduces production and release of inflamitory cells. |
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Dextrose is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Carbohydrate
Hypoglycemia |
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Actions of dextrose
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essential for cellular respiration.
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Concentration and doseages of dextrose
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0.5 to 1 g/kg
D50W: 1 to 2 mL/kg D25W: 2 to 4 mL/kg D10W: 5 to 10 mL/kg D5W: 10 to 20 mL/kg |
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Hypertonic glucose concentrations of dextrose will cause __________?
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sclerosis of the veins.
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Diphenhydramine is a _____ and is used for _____? (Benydril)
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Antihistamine
Anaphylactic shock |
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Dose of Diphenhydramine for anaphylactic shock?
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1 to 2 mg/kg
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Actions of Diphenhydramine?
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Competes with histamine for H1 receptors sites.
Blocks histamine |
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Dobutamine is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Catecholamine, B-adrenergic agent
Congestive heart failure Cardiogenic shock |
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Dose of Dobutamine?
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2 to 20 mcg/kg
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Actions of Dobutamine?
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Stimulates B1 and B2 receptors. Increases heart rate and causes vasodilation.
increases myocardial contractility, automaticity and conduction velocity. Increases the risk of hypotension from vasodilation |
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Dopamine is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Catecholamine / Vasopressor / Inotrope
Cardiogenic shock Distributive shock |
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Dose for Dopamine?
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2 to 20 mcg/kg
(dose dependent) |
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Actions of Dopamine?
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*Stimulates Alpha receptors- increasing SVR by constricting arterioles.
* Stimulates Beta 1 receptors- increasing heart rate and increasing myocardial contractility, automaticity, and conduction velocity ( a Ventricular effect) * Stimulates Beta 2 receptors- increases heart rate and lowers systemic vascular resistance. *Stimulates dopaminergic receptors- Causing renal and splanchnic vasodilation and increases sodium and h2O loss by renal tubular action. |
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Epinephrine is a _____
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Catecholamine, vasopressor, inotrope
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Epinephrine is used for ?
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Anaphylaxis
asthma bracycardias croup pulseless arrest shock (hypotensive) Overdose of Beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers. |
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Dose of epinephrine for anaphylaxis?
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0.01 mg/kg (0.1mL/kg) of 1 : 10,000 if hypotension continues give an infusion of 0.1 to 1 mcg/kg/min
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Dose of epinephrine for asthma?
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0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) 1 : 1000 SQ q 15 min
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pacinian corpuscles
location? senses? |
large myelinated fibers
location: deep skin, ligaments, joints sense: vibration and pressure (looks like onion) |
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Dose of epinephrine for croup?
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0.25 ml racemic solution in 3 ml NS.
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Dose of epinephrine for pulseless arrest?
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0.01 mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg) 1 : 10,000 q 3 to 5 min MAX 1 mg IV per dose
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Dose of epinephrine for shock (hypotensive)
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0.1 t0 1 mcg/kg per min infusion
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Dose of epinephrine for overdose of Beta blockers and calcium channel blockers
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0.01 mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg) 1 : 10,000 can go up to 0.1 mg/kg
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IV infusion of epinephrine?
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0.1 to 1 mcg/kg per min
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Actions of epinephrine?
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a -Vasoconstriction, increases SVR by increasing diastolic BP.
b1 - increases heart rate (SA node) increases myocardial contractility, automaticity, and conduction velocity SA and AV node (ventricular effect) b2 - bronchodilation, vasodilation of the arterioles. |
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Contraindications of epinephrine?
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cocaine- induced VT
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Furosimide is a ? And is used for?
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loop diuretic
Pulmonary edema Fluid overload |
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Dosage of Furosimide?
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1 mg/kg (max of 20 mg)
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Actions of Furosimide? (lasix)
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Acts on loop of henley does not reabsorb sodium and chloride. This causes sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium and water to be peed out.
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A special consideration of furosemide?
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May cause Hypokalemia
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Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Anticholinergic, bronchodilator
Asthma |
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Dose of Ipratropium Bromide?
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250 to 500 mcg q 20 min x 3 doses
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Actions of Ipratropium Bromide?
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Blocks acetylcholine resulting in bronchodilation.
Inhibits secretions from the nasal mucosa. |
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Lidocaine is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Antiarrhythmic
VF/pulseless VT Wide complex tach (w/pulse) RSI and ICP protection |
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Lidocaine dose for cardiac uses?
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1mg/kg then 20 to 50 mcg/kg/min infusion
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Lidocaine dose for RSI
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1 to 2 mg/kg
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Actions of lidocaine?
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Increases electrical stimulation of ventricle and His-purkinje system (this stablizes cardiac membrane decreases automatacity).
Reduces ICP through inhibition of sodium channels which reduces metabolic activity. |
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contraindications of lidocaine?
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Wide complex ventricular escape beats associated with bradycardias or high-degree heart block.
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Magnesium sulfate is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Electrolyte, bronchodilator
Asthma Torsades de pointes Hypomagnesemia |
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Dosage for magnesium sulfate?
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25 to 50 mg/kg bolus in torsades and pulseless VT.
25 to 50 mg/kg over 20 min for VT and torsades w/pulses and hypomagnesmia over 30 min with status asthmaticus Max dose of 2 g |
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Actions of magnesium sulfate?
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Inhibits calcium uptake causing smooth muscle relaxation.
Exerts antiarrhythmic action |
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Contarindications for magnesium sulfate?
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Renal failure
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What may happen if you push magnesium sulfate to fast?
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severe hypotension and bradycardia.
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Methylprednisolone is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Corticosteroid
Asthma (status asthmaticus) Anaphylactic shock |
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Methylprednisone dose
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2 mg/kg (max 80 mg)
maintenance dose: 0.5 mg/kg q 6 hr up to 120 mg/day |
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Actions of methylprenisolone?
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Reduces inflammation.
inhibits vascular leaking Decreases mucus secretions |
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Norepinephrine is a _____ and is used for _____?
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inotrope, vasopressor, catecholamine
Hypotensive shock (from low SVR and unresponsive to fluids) |
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Dosage for norepinephrine?
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0.1 to 2 mcg/kg/min titrated
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Actions of norepinephrine?
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increases smooth muscle tone (alpha)
B1 - increases contractility and heart rate. |
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Procainamide is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Antiarrhythmic
SVT A-flutter VT (with pulses) |
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Dosage for procainamide?
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15 mg/kg over 30 to 60 min
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Actions of procainamide?
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Depresses excitability of cardiac muscle.
Slows conduction in the atrium, bundle of his and the ventricle. increases refractory period |
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Sodium Bicarb is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Alkalinizing agent, electrolyte
Metabolic acidosis Hyperkalemia Sodium channel blocker |
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Dosage for sodium bicarb
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1 mEq/kg slow
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Actions of sodium bicarb?
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Increases bicarbonate which buffers H+ ion (reversing metabolic acidosis) forming carbon dioxide; elimination of carbon dioxide via the respiratory tract.
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Sodium Niotroprusside is a _____ and is used for _____?
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Vasodilator, antihypertensive
Cardiogenic shock Hypertension (severe) |
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Dosage of nitroprusside is?
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<40kg: 1 to 8 mcg/kg/min
>40kg: 0.1 to 5 mcg/kg/min |
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actions of nitroprusside?
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Relaxes tone in all vascular beds (arteriolar and venous) throiugh the release of nitric oxide. This vasodilation results in reduced cardiac filling pressures and right and left ventricular afterload.
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Terbutaline is a _____ and is used for _____?
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B2 agonist, bronchodilator
Asthma |
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Doseage of Terbutaline?
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0.1 to 10 mcg/kg/min
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Actions of Terbutaline?
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Causes bronchodilation
causes vasodilation of arterioles causes potassium to move into the cells |
