Graphics Revision

Front 1

What are the following and what are they used for?

• Paper
• Board
• Corrugated Board

Back 1

• Paper - Thin wood pulp, used for bags and labels
• Board - Thicker wood pulp, used for gift cards
• Corrugated Board - A wavy layer of board sandwiched between 2 layers of board. Wavy layer provides strength and insulation. Used for food packaging and packaging for fragile goods

Front 2

What are 6 advantages of paper and board?

Back 2

• Lightweight
• Easy to handle and store
• Easy to fold and crease
• Can be laminated
• Colour can be printed to a high quality
• Can be recycled

Front 3

What are adhesives and 3 types of paper and board?

Back 3

• Adhesives - Used to bond materials together, such as tape, PVA and spray glue

• Paper and board - Cartridge, Duplex board, corrugated cardboard

Front 4

What are the two types of plastics and what are they used for?

Back 4

• Thermosetting Plastics - Not effected by heat and are used in ovens and electrical items. Examples include polyester resin and epoxy resin
• Thermoplastics - Effected by heat and can be remoulded into new shapes. Examples include acrylic, PVC and polystyrene. They are used for vacuum forming, shop signs and polythene bags

Front 5

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the following materials?

• Paper and Card
• Plastics (Thermoplastics)
• Metal
• Glass

Back 5

• Paper and Card - Cheap and light but affected by water. Used for toys and boxes
• Plastics - Light and waterproof but are affected by heat. Used for drink bottles
• Metal - Strong and Waterproof but expensive and heavy
• Glass - Waterproof and transparent but expensive, heavy and brittle. Used for coffee jars

Front 6

Give 3 examples of smart materials.

Back 6

• Treated paper - Absorbs ink well and allows for high quality colour printing
• Phosphorescent pigment - Absorbs light and glows once the light source has been removed
• Thermocolour Sheet - A sheet material that changes colour when heated above 27C

Front 7

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the following and what are they used for?

• Letterpress
• Lithography
• Gravure
• Screen printing

Back 7

• Letterpress - Good quality but slow and not economical. It is expensive for long runs and has a print run of 500-5000 copies. It is used for books and business cards
• Lithography - Widely used and good quality but a short plate life of 150,000 copies. However this can be replaced for cheap printing of up to a million copies
• Gravure - Very high quality but comes with a high start up cost. Only appropriate for expensive books, magazines and posters and over 1 million copies at a time
• Screen Printing - Can be printed onto smoot and rough surfaces but does not allow for precise details. It is cheap but slow and has a short print run. It is used for T-shirts

Front 8

What do the following colours represent?

• Red
• Orange
• Green
• Blue
• Black
• White
• Purple
• Yellow

Back 8

• Red - Danger, love or warmth

• Orange - Warmth, sunsets and new life

• Green - Natural and healthy

• Blue - Cold, the sky, calming

• Black - Death and Mourning

• White - Purity, weddings and peace

• Purple - Royalty and wealth

• Yellow - Summer life and hazards

Front 9

What are the following print effects?

• Laminating
• Embossing

Back 9

• Laminating - Where plastic is wrapped around paper or card to make it thicker, stronger and waterproof. It is expensive
• Embossing - Where part of the product is raised above the rest in order to add texture. It is expensive and gives a sense of quality. It costs about as much as the printing

Front 10

What are the following methods of production?

• One off
• Batch
• Mass
• Continuous

Back 10

• One off - Where one unique item is made
  
• Batch - Where a certain amount of things are made at the same time, such as 10 bookmarks on a page
• Mass - Where a large quantity of an item is made in a factory
• Continuous - Production in a factory that happens 24 hours a day. Workers will work shifts to ensure that the production never ceases

Front 11

What are the British standards for drawing?

Back 11

• All measurements are in millimetres

• All numbers are placed in the middle of the measurement lines

• Dimension and construction lines are half the thickness of actual lines

Front 12

In terms of ICT, what are the following?

• C.A.D.
• C.A.M.
• C.N.C.
• CD-ROM

Back 12

• C.A.D. - Computer aided design

• C.A.M - Computer aided manufacture

• C.N.C. - Computer numerical control

• CD-ROM - Compact Disc - Read Only Memory

Front 13

What are the advantages and disadvantages of CAD/CAM?

Back 13

• Advantages - Accurate, easy to reproduce, high quality, cheap for mass production, fast and easily scales

• Disadvantages - Expensive and slow for one off production

Front 14

What are moral issues that designers have to consider?

Back 14

• If the product can harm someone
• This could be cigarettes and alcohol
• Or whether or not to put bull bars on a car

Front 15

What are social issues that designers have to consider?

Back 15

• How their product will impact someone else
• For example, convenience food could impact family meal time
• This could be solved by using packaging to encourage people to eat the food together
• Also, IT can reduce the amount of time people spend socialising and robots in the workplace can cause unemployment

Front 16

What are cultural issues that designers have to consider?

Back 16

• The beliefs and traditions of the people that the product will be aimed at
• The use of certain colours and shapes means different things in different cultures
• Careful steps should be undertaken in order to prevent offence and to boost sales

Front 17

What are environmental issues that designers have to consider?

Back 17

• Designers should minimise the impact their product has on the environment by using the 3 Rs
• Reduce - The amount materials, packaging and energy used
• Recycle - Make the product easy to recycle and from recyclable materials
• Reuse - Identify easily replaceable or reusable parts and allow them to be replaced so that entire products are not wasted