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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whats do a plant cells and animals cells both have?
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Cell membrane, Cytoplasm and Nucleus
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Do Prokaryotes contain a nucleus?
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No
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Do Eukaryotes contain a Nucleus
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yes
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Are bacteria Prokaryote or Eukaryote cells?
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Prokaryote
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Which (prokaryote or eukaryote cells) 'Contains organelles that perform specialised functions'?
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Eukaryote
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In prokaryote cells is the DNA surrounded by an envelope?
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No it isn't, they float around the cell.
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Which cell (pro or eu) is considered to be more primitive?
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Prokaryote.
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Is the nucleaus of a Eu cell bound by one or two membranes?
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2
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Decribe what plasmosmata do? (3 main points)
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They are strands of cytoplasm that protrude through the cell wall, connecting cells and transporting material.
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Describe the role of the Vacuole? (3/4 points)
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it's a water filled organism which pushes the cytoplasm outward against the cell wall giving rigidity or turgidity to the cell.
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What are plasmids (2 points)
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They have an intricate internal structure of folded membranes increasing the internal surface area on which chemical reactions occur.
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Whats the main function of a mitrochondria (2 points)
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Its the main sites of aerobic respiration.
energy release = ATP molecules |
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What are crisie when talking about mitrochondria?
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They are the inner folds of the mitrochondria
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What shape are mitrochondria?
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Sausage shape.
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What 4 things do mitrochondria contain?
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Mitochondria are filled with a jelly like matrix containing proteins, lipids, ribosomes and loops of DNA.
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What happens in the Smooth ER?
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Site of lipid, steroid and carbohydrate synthesis.
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Which ER contains ribosomes?
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Rough ER
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Which ER is the site of protein synthesis?
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Rough ER
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What are CISTERNAE when discussing ER? (1 point)
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Fluid filled spaces/sacs between the membranes.
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What are Golgi apparatus made from?
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Small pieces of Rough ER
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Are golgi bodies smooth or rough?
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Smooth
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What is the function of the Goli body?
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Modifies proteins after they are produced by the ribosomes.
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What do ribosomes do? (1 point)
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Synthesise proteins /enzymes
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Are there lots of ribosomes in a cell or very few?
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Lots.
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What enzyme does lysosomes contain?
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hydrolytic enzymes
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Describe the function of a Lysosome? (2 points)
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They destroy worn out organelles and completely break down cells after they have died.
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Is the cell membrane on the inside or outside of the cell?
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Inside
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What does partially permeable mean?
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It means that substances can pass through, both in and out of a cell.
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Whats the main function of a chloroplast?
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Site of Photosynthesis
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What are the chlorophyll attached to?
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The Thylakoids.
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What is stroma when talking about chloroplast?
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The fluid in the organ.
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In the stroma are a series of flattened sacs called?
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Thylakoids
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These Thylakoids are stacked together to form...?
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Grana
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WHAT IS THE LARGEST CELL ORGANELLE?
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Nucleus
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Whats the function of a nucleus?
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Its the 'control centre' of the cell
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What is the Nucleolus? (2 points)
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Its the ball in the middle of the nucleus that makes ribosomal RNA and assembles the ribosomes.
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When refering to tissue what does meristematic mean?
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Cells that are capable of cell division
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How is an organ defined?
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A collection of tissues with a specific function (flower, root, leaves)
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What are the three types of tissue in a plant organ? (3 points)
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Dermal, ground and vascular
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What type of tissue is epidermis made out of?
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Dermal tissue
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What are the three types of ground tissue? (3 points)
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Parenchyma, Collenchyma, sclerenchyma
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Out of Parenchyma, Collenchyma and sclerenchyma, which has the thinest primary cell wall?
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Parenchyma
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Which ground tissue type is mainly found in the epidermis, pith and cortex?
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Parenchyma
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What is the main function of Collenchyma tissue?
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As support
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Is Collenchyma stronger or weaker than Parenchyma?
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Stronger
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Why is Collenchyma stronger than Parenchyma?
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Has a second Cell wall layer with pectin.
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Where is Chlorenchyma cells found?
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In the palisade and spongy tissues in leaves and the stem.
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Descrbe Sclerenchyma cells? (4 points)
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Thickened, lignified secondary cell walls. They are the structural support, particularly in woody plants. Contains cellulose and lignin. Can be long stands of elongated cells
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Typicall how thick is epidermis?
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One cell thick
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Desscribe what cutin is?
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It's a waxy substance
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What kind of tissue do the Xylem and Phloem make?
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Vascular
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Whats the Xylem and Phloems main function?
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Transport water and solutes around the plant
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Is the Xylem generally a one way or two way flow?
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One way
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is the Phloem generally a one way or two way flow?
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Two way
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What does the Xylem mainly transport around the plant? (2 points)
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Water and dissolved minerals.
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Does the Xylem or Phloem have lignin that supports it?
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Xylem
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What dos the Phloem transport?
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Solutes e.g. sugars
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How are the Solutes transported through the Phloem?
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With energy prodived by the mitrochondria
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When looking at a cross section of a vascular system, does the Xylem or Phloem appear larger?
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Xylem
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Draw a flower and label.
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Label the parts of the flower from A to H.
A. Petals B. Anther C. Filament D. Sepal E. Ovary F. Stigma G. Style H. Ovule |
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Draw and label the parts of the cross section of a leaf.
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Draw and label the parts of a cross section of a grape berry.
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http://www.thefullwiki.org/Grape
Check against this pic |
