Gram - Rods

Front 1

Are Enterobacteriaceae oxidase positive or negative?

Back 1

Oxidase negative

Front 2

True or False: Enterobacteriaceae are facultative anaerobes

Back 2

True

Front 3

True or False: Enterobacteriaceae cannot ferment sugars

Back 3

False

Front 4

How do you get Salmonella enterica?

Back 4

From poultry and eggs

Front 5

What does Salmonella enterica cause?

Back 5

Self-limiting enterocolitis

Front 6

Salmonella enterica has many different varieties. What are they based on?

Back 6

Different O and H antigens

Front 7

What does Salmonella Typhi cause?

Back 7

Enteric (typhoid) fever

Front 8

How is Salmonella Typhi transmitted?

Back 8

From human to human

Front 9

What vaccines are available for Salmonella Typhi?

Back 9

Vi capsule vaccine

Living Ty21a vaccine

Front 10

What happens very early in infection with Salmonella choleraesuis?

Back 10

Systemic spread

Front 11

What does Salmonella choleraesuis cause?

Back 11

Focal lesions (brain damage)

Front 12

What does Shigella sonnei cause?

Back 12

Bacillary dysentery (blood and pus from colonic damage)

Front 13

What is the most common cause of bacillary dysentery?

Back 13

Shigella sonnei

Front 14

What toxin does Shigella dysenteriae produce?

Back 14

Shiga toxin

Front 15

What does Sigella dysenteriae cause?

Back 15

Severe bacillary dysentery

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)

Front 16

Escherichia coli is the common cause of what two things?

Back 16

Urinary tract infections (UPEC)

Neonatal meningitis

Front 17

What does ETEC stand for?

Back 17

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Front 18

What does ETEC cause?

Back 18

Traveler's diarrhea and infantile diarrhea in developing countries

Front 19

What are the toxins produced by ETEC?

Back 19

ST: Heat stable enterotoxin; LT: Heat labile enterotoxin

Front 20

What does EHEC stand for?

Back 20

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Front 21

What does EHEC cause?

Back 21

Colitis, blood diarrhea, and HUS

Front 22

What is another name for EHEC?

Back 22

O157:H7

Front 23

What toxin does EHEC produce?

Back 23

Shiga toxin

Front 24

True or False: EHEC has A&E lesions.

Back 24

True

Front 25

What does EPEC stand for?

Back 25

Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Front 26

What does EPEC cause?

Back 26

Acute infantile diarrhea in developing countries

Front 27

True or False: EPEC does not have A&E lesions

Back 27

False

Front 28

What does Klebsiella pneumoniae cause?

Back 28

Severe pneumonia, UTIs

Front 29

What does Klebsiella pneumoniae look like on a plate?

Back 29

Slime

Front 30

Are Klebsiella pneumoniae motile or nonmotile

Back 30

Nonmotile

Front 31

What is a coliform?

Back 31

A commonly used indicator of sanitary quality of foods and water

Front 32

Is Klebsiella pneumoniae a coliform bacteria?

Back 32

Yes

Front 33

True or False: Enterobacter is not a coliform bacteria

Back 33

False

Front 34

What does Enterobacter cause?

Back 34

UTIs

Front 35

What is Proteus mirabilis known for?

Back 35

Its "swarming" ability

Front 36

What does Proteus mirabilis cause?

Back 36

UTIs and can create infection related kidney stones

Front 37

What epidemic was Yersinia pestis responsible for?

Back 37

The black death

Front 38

What does Yersinia pestis cause?

Back 38

Bubonic and pneumonic plagues

Front 39

How is Yersinia pestis acquired?

Back 39

From a rat flea

Front 40

Why does Yersinia enterocolitica create severe abdominal pain similar to appendicitis?

Back 40

It disseminated to mesenteric lymph nodes

Front 41

What is Yersinia enterocolitica?

Back 41

A food-borne diarrheal (watery or bloody) illness

Front 42

Where do you get Yersinia enterocolitica?

Back 42

Animals or unpasteurized milk

Front 43

What shape are Vibronaceae?

Back 43

Comma shaped

Front 44

Are Vibrionaceae oxidase positive or negative

Back 44

positive

Front 45

What does Vibrio cholerae cause?

Back 45

Cholera and acute explosive diarrhea

Front 46

What toxin does Vibrio cholerae produce?

Back 46

Cholera Toxin

Front 47

How is Cholera treated?

Back 47

Oral rehydration therapy

Front 48

What kind of vaccine is used for Vibrio cholerae?

Back 48

Killed vaccine

Front 49

True or False: Vibrio Parahemolyticus are halophilic.

Back 49

True

Front 50

How do you get Vibrio parahemolyticus?

Back 50

From eating contaminated raw or partially cooked seafood

Front 51

What does Vibrio parahemolyticus cause?

Back 51

Acute gastroenteritis

Front 52

Do Vibrio vulnificus thrive in areas with low salt concentration?

Back 52

No

Front 53

What can Vibrio vulnificus cause?

Back 53

Severe skin lesions (from exposure of broken skin to sea water), inflammation of the colon (enteritis), invasive bacteremia, and death

Front 54

What type of organism is Campylocacter jejuni in terms of oxygen concentration to grow?

Back 54

Microaerophile; Needs oxygen but is poisoned by high amounts

Front 55

What does Campylocacter jejuni cause?

Back 55

Diarrhea and dysentery

Front 56

How do you get Campylocacter jejuni?

Back 56

Poultry

Front 57

What type of organism is Helicobacter pylori in terms of oxygen concentration to grow?

Back 57

Microaerophile; Needs oxygen but is poisoned by high amounts

Front 58

What enzyme does Helicobacter pylori produce?

Back 58

Urease

Front 59

What does Helicobacter pylori cause?

Back 59

Gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer

Front 60

What does Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce that acts like diphtheria toxin?

Back 60

Exotoxin A

Front 61

What does Pseudomonas aeruginosa infect?

Back 61

Wounds and burns

Front 62

True or False: Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes bone cancer in cystic fibrosis patients.

Back 62

False; It causes respiratory infections

Front 63

Why is treatment for Acinetobacter baumannii complicated?

Back 63

It is a multidrug resistant bacteria

Front 64

How do you get Francisella tularensis?

Back 64

Through the skin from contact with rabbits, ingestion, inhalation, and bite from an arthropod

Front 65

What does Francisella tularensis cause?

Back 65

Tularemia (rabbit fever) and skin lesions

Front 66

What specific Brucella is present in cows?

Back 66

Brucella abortus

Front 67

What specific Brucella is present in pigs?

Back 67

Brucella suis

Front 68

What specific Brucella is present in goats?

Back 68

Brucella melitensis

Front 69

What do the Brucella bacteria cause?

Back 69

Severe systemic infection, undulant fever (comes in waves), and joint and muscle pain

Front 70

True or False: Pasteurization destroys Brucella in milk.

Back 70

True

Front 71

What does Haemophilus influenzae cause in children?

Back 71

Meningitis and sepsis

Front 72

What media does Haemophilus influenzae grow on?

Back 72

Supplemented chocolate agar

Front 73

What vaccine is given to children for Haemophilus influenzae?

Back 73

Hib Conjugated Capsule Vaccine

Front 74

What factors do Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus aegyptius require?

Back 74

V and X factors

Front 75

What does Haemophilus aegyptius cause?

Back 75

Pink eye

Front 76

True or False: Bordetella pertussis will not cause a severe respiratory infection in children

Back 76

False

Front 77

What toxin does Bordetella pertussis produce?

Back 77

Pertussis Toxin

Front 78

What vaccine is given for Bordetella pertussis?

Back 78

Toxoid and Adhesins in DTaP

Front 79

What is Legionnaires' disease?

Back 79

Severe pneumonia

Front 80

What does Legionella pneumophila cause?

Back 80

Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever (less severe)

Front 81

Where do you get Legionella pneumophila?

Back 81

Aerosolized contaminated water from AC cooling towers, fountains, spas, and mist sprayers