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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the Gram negative Phyla: |
Proteobacteria (alph, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon), Cyanobacteria, Chlamydiae, Chlamydiea, Spirochaetes, Dinococcus-thermus |
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Name the Gram Positive Phyla: |
Low G+C Phyla- Firmicutes High G+C Phyla- Actinobacteria |
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Rickettsia (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Alphaproteobacteria) |
Obligate intracellular parasites, cause spotted fevers (R. prowazekii: epidemic typhus, R. typhi: endemic murine typhus, R. rickettsii: Rocky Mountain spotted fever) , transmitted by insect/tick bites |
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Ehrlichia (Phyla: Proteobacteria Important Alphaproteobacteria) |
transmitted by ticks, causes ehrlichiosis |
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Bartonella (Phyla: Proteobacteria Important Alphaproteobacteria) |
human pathogen, B. Henselae: cat scratch fever |
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Brucella (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Alphaproteobacteria) |
obligate parasite of mammals; survives phagocytosis, causes brucellosis, consumption of unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses made from the milk of infected animals, primarily goats |
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Wolbachia (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Alphaproteobacteria) |
Endosymbiont of insects, affects reproduction of insects, world's most common parasitic microbe, infects filarial nematodes and causes elephantiasis and heart worm |
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Bordetella (Phyla: Proteobacteria Important Betaproteobacteria) |
Non-motile rods, B. pertussis: causes whooping cough |
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Neisseria (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Betaproteobacteria) |
Cause of: N. gonorrhoaea, N. meningitis |
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Pseudomonas (Pseudomonadales) (Phyla: Proteobacteria Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
opportunistic pathogens; nosocomial infections, metabolically diverse, polar flagella; common in soil, P. aeruginosa: wound and urinary tract infections |
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Moraxella (Pseudomonadales) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
M. lacunata: causes conjunctivitis |
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Acinetobacter (Pseudomonadales) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
A. baumanii: respiratory pathogen; resistant to antibiotics |
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Legionella (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
found in streams, warm-water pipes, and cooling towers, causes legionellosis |
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Coxiella (Legionellales) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
C. burnetii: causes Q fever; transmitted via aerosols or milk, cattle, sheep, and goat are the primary reservoirs |
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Vibrionales (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
found in aquatic habitats, V. cholera causes cholera, V. parahaemolyticus causes gastroenteritis |
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Enterobacteriales (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
commonly called enteric- inhabit the intestinal tract; ferment carbohydrates, facultative anaerobes, peritrichous flagella |
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Escherichia (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
E. coli: indicator of fecal contamination; causes food borne disease and urinary tract infections |
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Salmonella (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
2400 serovars, common form of food borne illness, and salmonella typhi causes typhoid fever |
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Shigella (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
causes bacillary dystenery |
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Klebsiella (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
K. pneumoniae causes pneumonia |
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Serratia (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
produces red pigment, common cause of nosocomial infection |
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Proteus (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
swarming motility; colonies form concentric rings, nitrate-reducing, indole+ and catalase+, hydrogen sulfide- producing |
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Yersinia (entero) (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
Y. pestis causes plague, transmitted via fleas |
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Enterobacter (Phyla: Proteobacteria Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
E. cloacae and E. aeroegenes cause urinary tract infections and nosocomial infections |
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Cronobacter (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
discovered in 2007, C. sakazakii causes meningitis; found in a variety of environments and foods |
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Pasteurella (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
pathogen of domestic animals, P. multocida is transmitted to humans via animal bites |
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Haemophilus (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Gammaproteobacteria) |
require x factor (heme) and V factor (NAD+, NADP+) in media, H. Influenzae causes meningitis, ear aches, and epiglottis |
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Phyla: Proteobacteria Important Epsilonproteobacteria |
Helical or curved; microaerophilic |
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Campylobacter (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Epsilonproteobacteria) |
one polar flagellum, c. jejuni causes food borne intestinal disease |
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Helicobacter (Phyla: Proteobacteria
Important Epsilonproteobacteria) |
multiple flagella, causes peptic ulcers and stomach cancer |
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Oxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria (Phyla: Cyanobacteria) |
carry out oxygenic photosynthesis, many contain heterocyst that can fix nitrogen, gas vesicles that provide buoyancy, unicellular or filamentous |
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Oxygenic Photosynthesis |
2H2O+CO2 = (CH2O) + H2O + O2 |
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Phyla: Chlamydiae |
no peptidoglycan in the cell wall; grow intracellularly, form an infective elementary body |
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Chlamydia trachomatis |
causes trachoma and urethritis |
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Chlamoydophila psittaci |
causes respiratory psittacosis |
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Phyla: Spirochaetes |
coiled and move via axial filaments |
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Treponema (Phyla: Spirochaetes
) |
T. pallidum causes syphilis |
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Borrelia (Phyla: Spirochaetes
) |
causes relapsing fever and Lyme disease |
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Leptospira (Phyla: Spirochaetes
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excreted in animal urine |
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Deinococcus radiodurans (Phyla: Deinococci
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more resistant to radiation than endospores |
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Thermus aquaticus (Phyla: Deinococci
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found in a hot spring in Yellowstone National Park, source of Taq polymerase |
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Life Cycle: Chlamydias (48 hrs) |
1) bacteria's infectious form- elementary body attaches to host cell. 2) host cell phagocytize the elementary body housing it in vacuole. 3) elementary body reorganizes to form a reticulate body. 4) the reticulate body divides producing multiple reticulate bodies. 5) reticulate bodies begin to convert back to elementary bodies. 6) the elementary bodies are released from the host cell |
