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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gram stain of neisseria and moraxella:
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gram negative diplococci
frequently intracellular within PMNs |
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growth requirements of neisseria and moraxella:
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fastidious and aerobic; require increased CO2
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oxidase test on both genera:
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positive; staph and strep are negative; a good confirmation that you didn't or did overdecolroize
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neisseria gonorrhoeae growth characteristics
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BAD on BA
GOOD on CA maybe takes 3 days to grow; incubate 72 hrs before calling neg; hates cold |
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special agar for gonorr growth:
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Thayer Martin Agar
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thayer martin agar contains:
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CA base
VCN inhibitor -Vancomycin - to inhibit GPC -Colistin - to inhibit GNB -Nystatin - to inhibit yeast |
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special about MTM (modified thayer martin)
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contains trimethoprim to inhibit Proteus from swarming over everything (along with VCN)
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colonial morphology of gonorrhoeae:
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small, translucent, tan, raised, slightly mucoid
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two other agars (other than thayer martin)
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New york city
martin lewis |
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whats a jembec plate?
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special plate for transporting genital specimens; inoculate to plate immediately so growth will start right away (72 hrs). With water droplet CO2 is released to enhance growth
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when males have intracelluar gndc:
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can presumptively say they have gonorrhea
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what if women have intracellular gndc in their genital specimen?
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could be acinetobacter or moraxella; need further testing
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3 confirmatory I.D. methods for gonorrheae:
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1. Carb tests (CTA) cystine trypticase agar
-surface growth (aerobic) -only ferments Glucose 2. Does NOT grow on nutrient agar 3. 2 Alternate tests: -Rapid carb tests -immunological I.D. |
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disease caused by neisseria gonorrheae
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gonorrhea
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4 virulence factors of n. gonorrheae
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1. pili
2. IgA protease (inhibit secretory IgA) 3. endotoxin 4. Capsule |
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symptoms of gonorhea
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female
-cervicitis/vaginitis -asymptom or itch/discharge male -urethritis, dysuria -purulent discharge (thick and yellow) BOTH: proctitis |
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how do you treat gonorrhea?
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-resists penicillin, so
-injection of ceftriaxone or -oral doses of ciprofloxacin -or, azithromycin in flouroquinolone-resistant gay men. |
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3 complications caused by gonorrhea
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-PID pelvic inflam disease (fallop tube)
-gonococcal arthritis (bact in joints) -septicemia |
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two additional diseases other than gonorrhea in genitals:
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-Gonococcal pharyngitis
-Neonatal opthalmia |
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growth characteristics of neisseria meningitidis
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-not as fastidious as gonorrhea; still best on CA in incr. co2 tho.
PATTERN DIFFER: -this grows in CLUSTERS, where -gonorrh. grew in PAIRS |
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tests for identification of neisseria meningitidis
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-how it utilizes carbs (see chart)
-nutrient agar -dnase |
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alternate tests for meningitidis i.d.
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immunological
direct tests |
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how meningitidis is transferred
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-droplet
-direct |
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symptoms of meningitis
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headache, stiff neck, fever, chills, vomit, (all mening. have this)
IN MENINGOCOCCAL: PETECHIAL LESIONS |
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what species causes meningitis with petechial lesions? what are they?
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neisseria meningitidis
grows lesions |
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specimen for detection of meningitis
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spinal fluid
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how to treat meningitis
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chloramphenical
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how many species of saprophytic neisseria?
normal floral site |
7
mouth |
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special i.d. trick for neisseria saprophytics:
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they grow on nutrient agar!
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which saprophytic is usually responsible IF they cause a disease?
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n. lactamica
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which is the only lactose-utilizing neisseria?
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n. lactamica
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which is the only gnc to produce dnase?
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moraxella catarrhalis
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4 diseases caused by moraxella catarrhalis:
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-otitis media in infants
-sinusitis in elderly/immunocomp -pneumonia -meningitis |
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how to treat moraxella cataharllis, why?
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with erythromycin; 85% produce b-lactamase
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What agars does N. gonorrhoeae grow on:
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-CA
-Thayer Martin Agar -Modified Thayer Martin -Jembec -Martin Lewis |
