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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
science
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a way of learning about the natural world through observations and ogical reasoning; leads to a body of knowledge
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scientific inquiry
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another term for the ongoing process of discovery in science
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physial science
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the study of matter, energy, and the changes that matter and energy undergo.
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observation
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using one of the five senses to gather information
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inference
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a logical interpretation based on observations and prior knowedge
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hypothesis
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a possible explanation for observations that relate to a scientific question; must be testable
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variables
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any factor that can change in an expirement
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manipulated variable
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The variable in a scientific experiment that is changed
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responding variable
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the factor that changes as a result of changes to the manipulated, or independent, variable in an experiment; also called dependent variable
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controlled experiment
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an experiment in which all variables except one are kept constant
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qualitative data
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(color, odor, or sound) data without numbers
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quantitive data
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measurements made using standard units, such as temp. in degrees Celsius
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scientific law
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a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions
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scientific theory
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a well-tested idea that explains and connects a wide range of observations
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matter
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the "stuff" that makes up everything in the universe
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mass
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the mass of an object is the measurement of how much matter it contains
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weight
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measure of the force of gravity on an object
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International System of Units (SI)
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a system of units used by scientists to measure the properties of matter
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gravity
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the force that pulls objects towards earth
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volume
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the amount of space that matter occupies.
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density
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the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume
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temperature
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the measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
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Fahrenheit Scale
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the temperature scale on which 32 and 212 are the temperatures at which water freezes and boils.
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Celsius Scale
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the temperature scale in which 0 and 100 are the temperatures at which water freezes and boils
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what are the 2 main branches of physical science?
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physics:the study of forms of energy and their motion
chemistry: the study of what substances (matter) are made of and how they change when they combine |
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scientific method
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various organized methods of investigating problems and answering questions
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what are the basic steps to the scientific method
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1.) pose a question
2.) form a hypothesis 3.) perform experiments 4.)record and analyze data 5.)draw a conclusion |
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posing a question
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develop a clear statement that defines the problem
(iwonder if hot water freezes faster than cold water?) |
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form a hypothesis
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a possible explanation for observations that relate to a scientific question"educated guess"
(i predict that...) |
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experiment
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used to test your hypothesis. to test the hypothesis, scientists examine al of the factors that can change during an experiment, which are caled variables
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record and analyze data
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look for trends or patterns- construct graphs or charts to help you spot these (2 types-quantitive&qualitive)
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drawing conclusions
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conclusion sums up what you have learned from the experiment-this will prove or disprove your hypothesis
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what is the standard system of measurement used by scintists?
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metric system (SI)
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al measurements should include:
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a number and unit of measurement
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what is the basic unit of lenght
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meter
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1 meter = ____inches
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approx. 39.4 inches
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what is the basic unit of measurement for mass?
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kilogram
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will mass change wherever you go?
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no
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wil your weight change wherever you go?
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yes
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kilogram is used for ______ objects
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larger
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gram is used for _________ objects
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smaller
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how many pounds a a kilogram?
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approx. 2.2
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how much does a paper clip weigh?
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1 gram
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what do we use to measure mass in the lab?
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the balance (triple beam balance)
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what should you do before using the triple beam balance?
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make sure it is calibrated to zero.
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basic units for measurement of volume?
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solids= cm 3
liquids/gasas=liter (L) |
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how do you find the volume of rectanguar objects?
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multiply length x width x height
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how do you measure volume of an object with an irregular shape?
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use graduated cylinder and displacement method. (V=Vf-Vi)
(Volume=final volume-initial volume) |
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basic unit of measurement for density
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g/cm3
liquids/gas:g/mL |
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formua for density
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densiry=mass÷volume
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what is the density of water?
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1 g/cm3
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what will objects do with a density less than 1 g/cm3 do when put in water?
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float
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what will objects do with a density more than 1 g/cm3 do when put in water?
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sink
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(circle)
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D=m÷v
M=v x d V=m÷d |
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KING HENRY DIED BY DRINKING CHOCOLATE MILK
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kilo, hecto, deka, BASE, deci, centi, mili
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basic units
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grams, liters, meters
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