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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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0
IDENTIFYING MINERALS |
TITLE CARD
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1
_________ is the study of minerals and their properties. |
Mineralogy
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2
List two ways that minerals can be identified. |
1. inspecting visually
2. simple tests |
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3
About how many of the nearly 4000 minerals are common? |
30
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4
True of False? gold and diamond are commonly found minerals |
False
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5
List four of the most commonly found minerals. |
1. quartz
2. feldspar 3. mica 4. calcite |
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6
Most of the rocks in Earth's crust are called ______-________ ___________ |
rock-forming minerals
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7
A rock often consists of a. several minerals b. only one mineral |
a. several minerals
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8
What are 3 mineral properties that are found in a field guide to minerals? |
1. crystal shape
2. color 3. luster |
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9
Why is color the least useful property for identifying minerals? |
many minerals have similar colors
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10
What property specifies how a mineral shines in light? |
luster
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11
Name the 2 kinds of luster. |
1. metallic
2. nonmetallic |
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12
Name 3 categories of nonmetallic luster. |
1. vitreous ex.: quartz
2. pearly ex.: mica 3. adamantine ex.: diamond |
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13
Name 2 minerals that have metallic luster and shine like polished metal. |
1. galena
2. pyrite |
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14
Name 4 mineral properties that can be tested with a hand specimen. |
1. streak
2. cleavage 3. hardness 4. specific gravity |
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15
Define the STREAK of a mineral. |
the color of its powder
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16
True of False? The streak of a mineral is the same color as the mineral. |
False, the streak is often a different color
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17
Name a mineral with 1 perfect cleavage. |
mica
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18
Name a mineral with 2 perfect cleavages. |
feldspar
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19
Define FRACTURE. |
When minerals break in directions other than cleavage planes.
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20
What type of fracture do quartz and obsidian show? |
conchoidal, shell-like
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21
Define HARDNESS of a mineral. |
resistance to being scratched
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22
What is the hardest known mineral? |
diamond
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23
What is the softest known mineral? |
talc
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24
Who devised the scale from 1 to 10 to express the hardness of minerals? |
Freidrich Mohs
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25
Define SPECIFIC GRAVITY. |
the ratio of a mineral's MASS to the MASS of an equal volume of water
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26
The specific gravity of metallic minerals like hematite and magnetite is about ___. |
5
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27
How might you identify the mineral halite? |
taste it to see if it is salty
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29
Who stated the principle that a mineral will weigh less in water than in air. |
Archimedes, this is known as Archimedes' Principle
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30
What is a chemical test that can be used to help identify calcite (CaCO3)? |
put a drop of hydrochloric acid on it and observe whether it fizzes (releasing carbon dioxide CO2)
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