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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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valence electrons |
The electrons that have the highest energy level and are held the most loosely. |
Valence electrons are found in the outer shell. |
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electron dot diagram |
An electron dot diagram includes the symbol for the element surrounded by dots. Each dot stands for one valence electron. |
The electron dot diagram is also known as the Lewis dot diagram. |
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chemical bond |
The force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the arrangement of electrons between them. |
Atoms that give up electrons can chemically bond with other atoms. |
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ion |
An atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge. |
Ions can be positive or negative. |
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polyatomic ions |
Ions made up of more than one atom. |
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that react as one. |
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ionic bond |
The attraction between two oppositely charged ions. |
Ionic bonds form compounds between positive and negative ions. |
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ionic compound |
A compound that consists of positive and negative ions. |
Ionic compounds are electrically neutral. |
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chemical formula |
A combination of symbols that shows the ratio of elements in a compound. |
The chemical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl. |
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subscript |
Tells you the ratio of elements in the compound. |
The subscript of H2O shows the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms. |
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crystal |
Ions that form an orderly, three dimensional arrangement. |
Quartz crystal is used in watches. |
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conduct |
To allow something to travel along or through it. |
Water conducts electricity well. |
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symbol |
A written sign that stands for something else. |
The symbol for the element oxygen is O. |
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stable |
Not easily or quickly changed from one state to another. |
The noble gases are very stable elements. |
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structure |
The way in which parts of something are put together. |
An atom's structure consists of the nucleus and the electron cloud. |
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How is the reactivity of elements related to valence electrons in atoms? |
The number of valence electrons determines many properties of that element, including the ways in which the atom can bond with other atoms. |
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What does the periodic table tell you about the atoms of elements? |
The periodic table reveals the underlying atomic structure of atoms, including the arrangement of the electrons. |
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How do ions form bonds? |
Ionic bonds form as a result of the attraction between positive and negative ions. |
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How are the formulas and names of ionic compounds written? |
When ionic compounds form, the ions come together in a way that balances out the charges on the ions. The chemical formula for the compound reflects this balance. For an ionic compound, the name of the positive ion comes first, followed by the name of the negative ion. |
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What are the properties of ionic compounds? |
In general, ionic compounds are hard brittle solids with high melting points. When melted or dissolved in water, they conduct electric current. |
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