Grade 7 - Social Studies - Chapter 5

Front 1

Stamp Act

Back 1

a law placed by Parliament in 1765 that taxed almost all printed material in the Colonies

Front 2

Patrick Henry

Back 2

a young member of the Virginia House of Burgesses who persuaded the burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act

Front 3

Samuel Adams

Back 3

one of the founders of the Sons of Liberty

Massachusetts

Front 4

Sons of Liberty

Back 4

members took to the streets to protest the Stamp Act; organized in many cities

Front 5

Declaratory Act

Back 5

Acts passed in 1766 that stated the Parliament had the right to tax and make decisions for the British Colonies

Front 6

Townshend Acts

Back 6

a set of laws passed in 1767 that taxed only imported goods with the tax being paid at the port of entry

Front 7

Daughters of Liberty

Back 7

groups organized by women to support the boycott of British goods

Front 8

Crispus Attucks

Back 8

an African dock worker who was killed in the Boston Massacre

Front 9

Boston Massacre

Back 9

the tragic encounter between British soldiers and angry colonists which led to the death of 5 colonists

Front 10

Paul Revere

Back 10

a colonist who made an engraving of the Boston Massacre (showing a British officer to open fire on an orderly crowd); his point was to encourage a wide audience to rise up against Britain

Front 11

Boston Tea Party

Back 11

an opposition of the Tea Act, which occurred in Boston Harbor where angry colonists threw 342 chests of tea overboard; news of it spread throughout the colonies and Boston paid for their actions

Front 12

Intolerable Acts

Back 12

the colonists' term for a series of punitive laws passed the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party

King George III realized he was losing control of the colonies and set out to punish them; closed Boston Harbor, prohibited town meetings, forced colonists to shelter British soldiers in their homes

Front 13

King George III

Back 13

the king of Britain at the time of the Revolution

Front 14

Coercive Acts

Back 14

laws passed by Parliament in 1774 which intended to make Massachusetts pay for its resistance (in response to the Boston Massacre); it closed Boston Harbor until the Massachusetts colonists paid for their ruined tea and took away many of the rights of the Massachusetts colonists

Front 15

First Continental Congress

Back 15

an organization of delegates from all the colonies (except Georgia) to establish a political body to represent the colonies

Front 16

Richard Henry Lee

Back 16

one of the most outspoken defenders of colonial rights

Front 17

John Adams

Back 17

successful lawyer, cousin of Sam Adams

Massachusetts

Front 18

George Washington

Back 18

Virginia delegate

would become important military leader

Front 19

Lexington and Concord

Back 19

first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War

Front 20

Green Mountain Boys

Back 20

led by Ethan Allen, a small group of New Englanders who captured Fort Ticonderoga on Lake Champlain

Front 21

Ethan Allen

Back 21

led the Green Mountain boys on a victorious attack on Fort Ticonderoga on Lake Champlain

Front 22

Fort Ticonderoga

Back 22

British fort, situated on Lake Champlain, which was captured by the Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys

Front 23

Bunker Hill

Back 23

a battle won by the British, but suffered more than 1,000 dead/wounded

Colonial general William Prescott

Front 24

Loyalist

Back 24

colonist who chose to stay loyal to Britain

Front 25

Patriot

Back 25

colonist determined to fight the British, declare independence and form a new nation

Front 26

Benjamin Franklin

Back 26

an influential member of the Pennsylvania legislature who acted as a colonial spokesman in London

he argued for a united government in the colonies (Albany Plan of Union then Constitution)

Front 27

John Hancock

Back 27

one of the wealthiest colonists who funded many of the Patriot groups, including the Sons of Liberty

chosen as President of the Second Continental Congress

one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence

Front 28

Thomas Jefferson

Back 28

a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses who became associated with the movement for independence

Front 29

Benedict Arnold

Back 29

an American who led an attack on Quebec that failed

Front 30

Common Sense

Back 30

pamphlet published by Thomas Paine that called for complete independence from Great Britain

Front 31

Thomas Paine

Back 31

a colonist who captured the attention of other colonist by publishing a pamphlet called Common Sense

Front 32

Second Continental Congress

Back 32

a meeting that was held in Philadelphia that concerned the issue occupying the delegates -- should the colonies declare themselves as an independent nation or should they stay under British rule?

Front 33

Declaration of Independence

Back 33

a document written by Thomas Jefferson that stated that the colonies should be free from Britain

Front 34

All men are created equal

Back 34

How the Declaration of Independence begins, with universal principles of basic human rights (life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness)

Front 35

Preamble

Back 35

introduction that states that people who wish to form a new country should explain their reasons for doing so

Front 36

Abigail Adams

Back 36

John Adams wife wrote a letter to him that said the delegates should remember all men would be tyrants if they could and that if particular care and attention is not paid to the ladies, we are prepared to foment a rebellion