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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define solar system |
group of planets circling around one or more stars
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what are the inner terrestrial planets?
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- they are formed first
- mercury, venus, earth, mars - they are small with solid cores and rocky crusts |
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what are the outer plants? |
- formed later from ice, gas, and dust
- jupiter, saturn, uranus, and neptune they are larger, have lands of gas and low temperatures |
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what are the order of plants? |
M V E M J S U N
(my viper eats mango jello sitting underneath) |
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what is that formation of planets
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- star forms in a nebula
- leftover gas and dust form a cloud that starts moving around the star - particles within the spinning cloud group together and build up into a large lump of rock called a plnetesimal - the planetsimal keeps building up more material and eventually becomes a planet orbiting the star |
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what did the green astronomer suggest? what was his name
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-ptolemy
- earth was centre of the universe and everything revovled around it - which is called the geocentric model |
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define geo
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earth
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what happened 1500 years later
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- a polish astronomer named Copernicus said that the earth and the other planets revolved around the sun = heliocentric model
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define helio
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sun
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what did galileo and kepier do
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confirm
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who is kepier
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discovered that planets orbits were elliptical
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how long is 1 revolution
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365 days
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how long is 1 rotation
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24 hours
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how does the earth turn
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on its axis (an imaginary line through it's centre from pole ot pole) from west to east
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how does day/night happen
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when earth is facing sun = day
when earth is facing away from the sun = night |
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how do season happen
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the earth rotates in a tilted position and it is this axis tilt that creates the seasons
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what happens at the equator
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earth is hit directly by sun rays all year so hence no seasons
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what do scientists use to measure
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- astronomical units (AU)
- used to measure distances within our solarsystem - 1 AU = 150million KM - light years - used to measure distances beyound our solar system (ex: between galaxies - it is the distance that light travels in one year - one light year = 9.5 trillion KM |
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what is the distance between earth and sun?
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1 AU / 150 million KM
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what is the technique used to estimate distances in space
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triangulation
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what do these techniques often revolve |
making a scale drawing which shows the size of something relative to something else
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what is the triangulation
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a technique that allows you to estimate the dsitance to a visable object
- a baseline - two angles |
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steps to creating triangulation?
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- choose appropriate scale: 1cm = 10cm
- redraw the triangle using your scale and a protractor - draw a perpendicular line from object A to the baseline measure the perpendicular line and then convert label to metres |
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what is paralax
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- the apparent shift in position at an object (viewed against a stationary background) due to change in observation
- parallax and trangulation are used together to estimate the distance to nearby stars |
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what is the giant impact theory relating to the moon
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the giant impact theory says that a celestial body hit earth causing a piece to break off
- this piece got larger and started orbiting around earth |
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what are the characteristics of the moon
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the moon is covered with craters (=larger holes or indentation) because the moon is often hit by stuff in space (moon has no atmosphere to protect it
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what is the sun
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the sun has no solid surface but has many distinct features
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what are the features of the sun
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- sun spot - dark partches on the sun
- soloar prominece - large loops of hot gas that extend out of the sun - solar flare - eruptions of gas (p384) |
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astronomer who thought that earth was centre of universe
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ptolemy
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define equator
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area of the earth that receieves equal amounts of sunlight all year round
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define geocentric
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model that steates earth is centre of universe
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define heliocefntric
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model that states sun is hte centre of unirse
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define solstic
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the shortest or longest day of the year
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define parallax
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the apparent shift of an ob jecft due to the change in position of the observer
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define solar flare
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violent reuption of gas from sun's surface
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define solar eclipse
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overshadowing of the earth that occurs when moon is between sun and earth
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define moon
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celestial body that orb its a planet
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define copernicus
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astronomer who first proposed that su nwas centre of univrse
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define galileo
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astronomer who conformed that sun wa cnetre of th uniefvser
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how long does it take for the moon to get around the earht
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about a month, 29.5 days
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what is it called when the moon goes around the earth
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lunar month
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