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223 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
____ displays are often used with virtual reality systems to achieve the sensation of motion.
|
Head mounted
|
|
|
The ____ between shadow mask holes on a CRT monitor is called the dot pitch.
|
spacing
|
|
|
49. Graphic functions in illustration programs include
|
a import and export.
b linked text blocks. c text on a path. |
|
|
raster
|
is the name given to the pattern that the electron beam sweeps in a CRT.
|
|
|
latin word for rake
|
raster
|
|
|
german word for screen
|
raster
|
|
|
50. Automation tools in illustration programs include
|
a trace/Live trace.
c shape tools. d pencil tools. |
|
|
c close paths.
a draw paths. |
48. The pencil tools in Illustration programs may be used to
|
|
|
47. Graphs and charts in illustration programs can
|
a can be labeled.
b can utilize drop shadows on bars and pies. c can be converted to different types with the same data. d. can include legends.. |
|
|
Pixel is an acronym for:
|
Picture Element
|
|
|
Theoretically pixels are:
|
small rectangles (usually square)
|
|
|
Pixels have the same:
|
Size and Shape
|
|
|
Each pixel is:
|
one solid color, throughout.
|
|
|
Pixel based displays are:
|
Raster Graphics
|
|
|
CRT
|
Cathode Ray Tube
|
|
|
Other output devices that the term pixel can be applied to:
|
digital printers, imagesetters and platesetters
|
|
|
Raster Graphics are contraster with:
|
Vector Graphics
|
|
|
Vector Graphics are based on:
|
mathematical descriptions of lines and shapes
|
|
|
Illustrator is based on:
|
vector objects
|
|
|
Illustrator is based on:
|
vector objects
|
|
|
Photoshop is based on:
|
Raster Graphics
|
|
|
Resolution:
|
how closely packed the pixels are when displayed
|
|
|
Resolution terms:
|
pixels per unit length, or absolute pixels
|
|
|
A displayed image is nominally assumed to be:
|
72 pixels per inch (an arbitrary choice, since monitors vary from 13 to 27 in. or more and resolutions vary from 640x480 to 2560x1440
|
|
|
Photoshop is:
|
independent of the nominal size, due to the fact that photoshop actually operates on pixels
|
|
|
Underlying smooth objects are represented on raster devices,:
|
using illustrator
|
|
|
There is no such thing as a smooth curve:
|
on a raster device
|
|
|
Vector objects can always be reproduced:
|
as smoothly as possible on any given device
|
|
|
Colors, as we see them, correspond to:
|
wavelengths of visible light
|
|
|
We perceived light based on:
|
how our eyes respond to different wavelengths of light
|
|
|
Cone receptors in the eye are:
|
red green and blue
|
|
|
Thus (RGB) color is perceived by humans:
|
to be 3-Dimensional
|
|
|
Color Spaces:
|
representation of these three dimensions (RGB)
|
|
|
Computer displays employ:
|
the RGB color space
|
|
|
Additive Color Theory:
|
RGB
|
|
|
Secondary colors are obtained:
|
by overlap of two primary colors
|
|
|
Equal intensities of RGB yield:
|
white
|
|
|
Color spaces based on the color wheel :
|
HLS, HSV, LCH, and others
|
|
|
HLS:
|
hue, lightness, and saturation
|
|
|
HSV:
|
hue, saturation, and value
|
|
|
LCH:
|
lightness, chroma, and hue
|
|
|
Lightness or Value:
|
is a measure of the overall intensity or brightness
|
|
|
Hue:
|
is a measure of perceived color and is directly related to the wavelength of the light.
|
|
|
Saturation or Chroma:
|
is a measure of purity of the color
|
|
|
Subtractive Color Theory:
|
is based on the secondary colors, CMY
|
|
|
Basis for printed color images:
|
CMYK
|
|
|
CRT:
|
cathode ray tube
|
|
|
Cathode ray was the original name given to:
|
the rays emitted from a negative electrode (cathode)
|
|
|
cathode rays consist of:
|
basic units of electrical charge ie. electrons
|
|
|
Before LCD, Plasma and DLP displays took over:
|
crts were the most common devices used for computer and tv displays
|
|
|
CRT:
|
screen part of the monitor
|
|
|
CRT is one of the few:
|
vacuum tubes, still used in electronics today
|
|
|
Principle of CRT:
|
phosphors, emit light when bombarded with electrons
|
|
|
Monochrome:
|
black and white
|
|
|
A monochrome display consists of:
|
transparent glass coated on the inside with a continuous layer of phosphor
|
|
|
The display is constructed by controlling:
|
how many electrons strike the phosphor, and where they strike it.
|
|
|
A spot on the phosphor shines more brightly:
|
as more electrons strike it.
|
|
|
Electron guns (cathodes):
|
produce a thin beam of electrons, characterized by the beam current
|
|
|
The stronger the beam current:
|
the more brightly the phosphor will shine.
|
|
|
The Deflection Yoke:
|
magnetically steers the electron beam so that it hits the phosphor in the right spot and is under control of the monitors electronics
|
|
|
A CRT basically causes a selectable spot:
|
on the screen to shine with a controllable brightness
|
|
|
Raster Scan:
|
the actual lit dot is rapidly swept across the screen by re-aiming the electron beam in a pattern this is a R.scan
|
|
|
Raster is derived from the german word for:
|
screen
|
|
|
Screen was derived from the latin word for:
|
rake
|
|
|
The pattern starts in the upper left hand corner and ends the first pass in:
|
the upper right hand corner.
|
|
|
High beam currents yield:
|
Bright Spots
|
|
|
Low beam currents yield:
|
Dim Areas
|
|
|
The raster scan is:
|
and easy to construct pixel map of the image.
|
|
|
Persistence of Vision:
|
our eyes continue to perceive light a short time after it has been stopped
|
|
|
Typical monitors refresh the screen:
|
60-80 times per second
|
|
|
A slower refresh would cause:
|
the image to flicker
|
|
|
Electron beams:
|
don’t come in color
|
|
|
Phosphors:
|
come in different colors
|
|
|
Phosphor Colors:
|
RGB
|
|
|
Each phosphor color uses:
|
three separate electron guns
|
|
|
Phosphors are arranged in:
|
color groups called triads
|
|
|
Each electron gun strikes its phosphor:
|
at slightly different angles
|
|
|
Shadow Mask:
|
a thin sheet that is suspended in front of the phosphors
|
|
|
The mask has one hole:
|
for each triad. (this is so that each beam only sees its phosphor dot)
|
|
|
An alternative technology to the shadow mask CRT:
|
is the aperture grill
|
|
|
The aperture grill consists of:
|
tiny vertical wires
|
|
|
The pixels are:
|
the individual color values that make up the image
|
|
|
As long as there are enough triads on the screen,
|
the face of the CRT is continuous
|
|
|
triads are arranged:
|
in a hexagonal pattern, this makes for more efficient packing
|
|
|
Pixels are arranged:
|
in a rectangular pattern
|
|
|
the degree all three beams line up to one spot it called
|
convergence
|
|
|
A poorly converged monitor:
|
slooks blurry, and shows color fringes around edges of objects.
|
|
|
Color Purity:
|
the degree that each beam strikes its on dots
|
|
|
A CRT with poor color purity:
|
has less vivid colors and patches with a color cast.
|
|
|
Degaussing
|
removing built up magnetism in order to avoid the metal chasis from becoming magnetic
|
|
|
Gauss
|
unit of magnetic field
|
|
|
Automatic degaussing:
|
is dont when the monitor turns on
|
|
|
Monitor Size:
|
measured as the screen diagonal length
|
|
|
The actual image size is:
|
less than the screen size
|
|
|
on a typical 17 inch monitor, diagonal measure of the displayed image is
|
16 inches (17in is a measure of the bare CRT tube)
|
|
|
Dot Pitch
|
measures how closely spaced the individual phosphor triads are
|
|
|
A typical dot pitch value is:
|
.28.
|
|
|
Triads:
|
a means of displaying color, are deliberately small enough to present the illusion of a continuous screen.
|
|
|
Pixels are the digital values used to:
|
drive the CRT monitors analog controls
|
|
|
CRT monitors are:
|
analog devices
|
|
|
DVI
|
digital video interface
|
|
|
VGA
|
video graphics adapter
|
|
|
Scan Rate/ Refresh Rate
|
refers to how fast the electron beams are swept across the screen. there are two rates, horizontal and vertical.
|
|
|
Vertical Scan Rate
|
indicates how often the entire screen is refreshed.
|
|
|
in order to avoid flicker:
|
refresh rate needs to be in the range of 60-70 times per second
|
|
|
A monitor run in interlace mode:
|
refreshes every other scan line for each vertical pass
|
|
|
thus the entire image is refreshed every:
|
two vertical passes
|
|
|
Interlacing avoids flicker by:
|
reducing the data rate required to avoid flicker
|
|
|
Field:
|
Each vertical pass
|
|
|
Two types of fields:
|
even and odd
|
|
|
The fields together are called:
|
a frame
|
|
|
Flat panel displays:
|
-may utilize liquid crystal displays, field emission displays, plasma displays or electrophoretic displays
|
|
|
Head mounted displays:
|
-used to achieve virtual reality
|
|
|
LCD:
|
asymetric molecules, oriented, by a magnetic field
|
|
|
An LCD is made from:
|
2 pieces of polarized glass
|
|
|
Principle of LCD:
|
work by blocking light
|
|
|
Pixel is an acronym for:
|
Picture Element
|
|
|
Theoretically pixels are:
|
small rectangles (usually square)
|
|
|
Pixels have the same:
|
Size and Shape
|
|
|
Each pixel is:
|
one solid color, throughout.
|
|
|
Pixel based displays are:
|
Raster Graphics
|
|
|
CRT
|
Cathode Ray Tube
|
|
|
Other output devices that the term pixel can be applied to:
|
digital printers, imagesetters and platesetters
|
|
|
Raster Graphics are contraster with:
|
Vector Graphics
|
|
|
Vector Graphics are based on:
|
mathematical descriptions of lines and shapes
|
|
|
Illustrator is based on:
|
vector objects
|
|
|
Illustrator is based on:
|
vector objects
|
|
|
Photoshop is based on:
|
Raster Graphics
|
|
|
Resolution:
|
how closely packed the pixels are when displayed
|
|
|
Resolution terms:
|
pixels per unit length, or absolute pixels
|
|
|
A displayed image is nominally assumed to be:
|
72 pixels per inch (an arbitrary choice, since monitors vary from 13 to 27 in. or more and resolutions vary from 640x480 to 2560x1440
|
|
|
Photoshop is:
|
independent of the nominal size, due to the fact that photoshop actually operates on pixels
|
|
|
Underlying smooth objects are represented on raster devices,:
|
using illustrator
|
|
|
There is no such thing as a smooth curve:
|
on a raster device
|
|
|
Vector objects can always be reproduced:
|
as smoothly as possible on any given device
|
|
|
Colors, as we see them, correspond to:
|
wavelengths of visible light
|
|
|
We perceived light based on:
|
how our eyes respond to different wavelengths of light
|
|
|
Cone receptors in the eye are:
|
red green and blue
|
|
|
Thus (RGB) color is perceived by humans:
|
to be 3-Dimensional
|
|
|
Color Spaces:
|
representation of these three dimensions (RGB)
|
|
|
Computer displays employ:
|
the RGB color space
|
|
|
Additive Color Theory:
|
RGB
|
|
|
Secondary colors are obtained:
|
by overlap of two primary colors
|
|
|
Equal intensities of RGB yield:
|
white
|
|
|
Color spaces based on the color wheel :
|
HLS, HSV, LCH, and others
|
|
|
HLS:
|
hue, lightness, and saturation
|
|
|
HSV:
|
hue, saturation, and value
|
|
|
LCH:
|
lightness, chroma, and hue
|
|
|
Lightness or Value:
|
is a measure of the overall intensity or brightness
|
|
|
Hue:
|
is a measure of perceived color and is directly related to the wavelength of the light.
|
|
|
Saturation or Chroma:
|
is a measure of purity of the color
|
|
|
Subtractive Color Theory:
|
is based on the secondary colors, CMY
|
|
|
Basis for printed color images:
|
CMYK
|
|
|
CRT:
|
cathode ray tube
|
|
|
Cathode ray was the original name given to:
|
the rays emitted from a negative electrode (cathode)
|
|
|
cathode rays consist of:
|
basic units of electrical charge ie. electrons
|
|
|
Before LCD, Plasma and DLP displays took over:
|
crts were the most common devices used for computer and tv displays
|
|
|
CRT:
|
screen part of the monitor
|
|
|
CRT is one of the few:
|
vacuum tubes, still used in electronics today
|
|
|
Principle of CRT:
|
phosphors, emit light when bombarded with electrons
|
|
|
Monochrome:
|
black and white
|
|
|
A monochrome display consists of:
|
transparent glass coated on the inside with a continuous layer of phosphor
|
|
|
The display is constructed by controlling:
|
how many electrons strike the phosphor, and where they strike it.
|
|
|
A spot on the phosphor shines more brightly:
|
as more electrons strike it.
|
|
|
Electron guns (cathodes):
|
produce a thin beam of electrons, characterized by the beam current
|
|
|
The stronger the beam current:
|
the more brightly the phosphor will shine.
|
|
|
The Deflection Yoke:
|
magnetically steers the electron beam so that it hits the phosphor in the right spot and is under control of the monitors electronics
|
|
|
A CRT basically causes a selectable spot:
|
on the screen to shine with a controllable brightness
|
|
|
Raster Scan:
|
the actual lit dot is rapidly swept across the screen by re-aiming the electron beam in a pattern this is a R.scan
|
|
|
Raster is derived from the german word for:
|
screen
|
|
|
Screen was derived from the latin word for:
|
rake
|
|
|
The pattern starts in the upper left hand corner and ends the first pass in:
|
the upper right hand corner.
|
|
|
High beam currents yield:
|
Bright Spots
|
|
|
Low beam currents yield:
|
Dim Areas
|
|
|
The raster scan is:
|
and easy to construct pixel map of the image.
|
|
|
Persistence of Vision:
|
our eyes continue to perceive light a short time after it has been stopped
|
|
|
Typical monitors refresh the screen:
|
60-80 times per second
|
|
|
A slower refresh would cause:
|
the image to flicker
|
|
|
Electron beams:
|
don’t come in color
|
|
|
Phosphors:
|
come in different colors
|
|
|
Phosphor Colors:
|
RGB
|
|
|
Each phosphor color uses:
|
three separate electron guns
|
|
|
Phosphors are arranged in:
|
color groups called triads
|
|
|
Each electron gun strikes its phosphor:
|
at slightly different angles
|
|
|
Shadow Mask:
|
a thin sheet that is suspended in front of the phosphors
|
|
|
The mask has one hole:
|
for each triad. (this is so that each beam only sees its phosphor dot)
|
|
|
An alternative technology to the shadow mask CRT:
|
is the aperture grill
|
|
|
The aperture grill consists of:
|
tiny vertical wires
|
|
|
The pixels are:
|
the individual color values that make up the image
|
|
|
As long as there are enough triads on the screen,
|
the face of the CRT is continuous
|
|
|
triads are arranged:
|
in a hexagonal pattern, this makes for more efficient packing
|
|
|
Pixels are arranged:
|
in a rectangular pattern
|
|
|
the degree all three beams line up to one spot it called
|
convergence
|
|
|
A poorly converged monitor:
|
slooks blurry, and shows color fringes around edges of objects.
|
|
|
Color Purity:
|
the degree that each beam strikes its on dots
|
|
|
A CRT with poor color purity:
|
has less vivid colors and patches with a color cast.
|
|
|
Degaussing
|
removing built up magnetism in order to avoid the metal chasis from becoming magnetic
|
|
|
Gauss
|
unit of magnetic field
|
|
|
Automatic degaussing:
|
is dont when the monitor turns on
|
|
|
Monitor Size:
|
measured as the screen diagonal length
|
|
|
The actual image size is:
|
less than the screen size
|
|
|
on a typical 17 inch monitor, diagonal measure of the displayed image is
|
16 inches (17in is a measure of the bare CRT tube)
|
|
|
Dot Pitch
|
measures how closely spaced the individual phosphor triads are
|
|
|
A typical dot pitch value is:
|
.28.
|
|
|
Triads:
|
a means of displaying color, are deliberately small enough to present the illusion of a continuous screen.
|
|
|
Pixels are the digital values used to:
|
drive the CRT monitors analog controls
|
|
|
CRT monitors are:
|
analog devices
|
|
|
DVI
|
digital video interface
|
|
|
VGA
|
video graphics adapter
|
|
|
Scan Rate/ Refresh Rate
|
refers to how fast the electron beams are swept across the screen. there are two rates, horizontal and vertical.
|
|
|
Vertical Scan Rate
|
indicates how often the entire screen is refreshed.
|
|
|
in order to avoid flicker:
|
refresh rate needs to be in the range of 60-70 times per second
|
|
|
A monitor run in interlace mode:
|
refreshes every other scan line for each vertical pass
|
|
|
thus the entire image is refreshed every:
|
two vertical passes
|
|
|
Interlacing avoids flicker by:
|
reducing the data rate required to avoid flicker
|
|
|
Field:
|
Each vertical pass
|
|
|
Two types of fields:
|
even and odd
|
|
|
The fields together are called:
|
a frame
|
|
|
Flat panel displays:
|
-may utilize liquid crystal displays, field emission displays, plasma displays or electrophoretic displays
|
|
|
Head mounted displays:
|
-used to achieve virtual reality
|
|
|
LCD:
|
asymetric molecules, oriented, by a magnetic field
|
|
|
An LCD is made from:
|
2 pieces of polarized glass
|
|
|
Principle of LCD:
|
work by blocking light
|
