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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is hydrology?
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The study of water.
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What is the hydrological cycle?
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The path water takes in our environment.
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Where are the 4 places water comes from?
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1.) Ground: evaporation, precipitation, clouds.
2.) Plants: transpiration. 3.) Animals: respiration+perspiration (evapotranspiration) 4.) Atmosphere: evaporation, precipitation, clouds. |
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Where are the 5 areas of the global water budget?
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1.) Oceans- 97.6%
2.) Icecaps/Glaciers- 1.9% (3/4 of freshwater supply). 3.) Ground and soil water 4.) Rivers and lakes 5.) Atmosphere |
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What is an aquifer?
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An underground rock layer that holds water (NOT A UNDERGROUND LAKE)!
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What is runoff?
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Runoff is the movement of water over the surface of the land.
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Where does runoff go into?
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Rivers/Streams
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What is discharge?
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The amount of runoff in rivers/streams.
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How do you find discharge?
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Cross-sectional area of stream x mean velocity of stream.
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What was the discharge of Glen Canyon Dam?
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45,000cfs!
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What is a drainage basin?
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Land area that contributes runoff to river system.
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What is a drainage divide?
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Boundary between drainage basins (higher elevations).
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What does the rate of discharge depend on?
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Gradient- The larger the gradient, the greater the discharge.
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What is a stream network?
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The system of the main river channel plus its tributaries.
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What is the stream of the 1st order?
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No tributaries.
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What is the stream of the 2nd order?
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Merging or joining of two 1st order streams.
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What is the stream of the 3rd order?
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Merging of two 2nd order streams.
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What is baseflow?
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Groundwater runoff released over large periods of time (the average flow of the stream).
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What is stormflow?
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Overland flow (the extra water running off land from a storm).
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What is stream hydrograph?
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Plot flow against time.
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What influences the shape of hydrography?
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1.) Size of basin.
2.) Type of surface. 3.) Shape of watershed 4.) Slope 5.) Intensity & duration of rain. 6.) Urbanization |
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What is the difference between urban floods and rural floods?
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Urban floods occur faster after the rain and are bigger in magnitude than rural floods.
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