Govt2 - Exam 3

Front 1

american foreign policy goals

Back 1

after WWII it was prodemocracy; peace without war; power without diplomacy; stopping the spread of communism; a global market; democratization; economic expansion; world prosperity

Front 2

military alliance - NATO

Back 2

North Atlantic Trade Organization; US, Canada and most Western Europe; capitalism

Front 3

military alliance - warsaw pact

Back 3

created in direct response to west germany joining NATO; Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Soviet Union, and later East Germany

Front 4

marshall plan

Back 4

US European Recovery plan in which over $34 billion was spent for the relief, reconstruction, and economic recovery of Western Europe after WWII

Front 5

Truman Doctrine

Back 5

1.'containment' - contain the idea of communism
2.men & materials - america was going to give any country in the world military, economic, and human aid (man power) if that country was determined to fight the soviet union and communism

Front 6

Nixon Doctrine

Back 6

1.materials only
2.vietnam war and how we lost the vietnam war – women were going to the street saying that their kids were dying for something we were losing
3. america is going to continue with containment but it's gonna stop sending american troops to join and fight against communism but we will give the countries whatever weapon they need to fight; included a trip to china which opened an extremely beneficial thing between china and the US; china was practicing communism but they allowed ownership of private businesses

Front 7

Carter Doctrine

Back 7

1. Human Rights Record
2. began to talk about other issues like what is your record of respecting human rights? is you country such a tyrant that it's killing it's own people? if you're human rights record, we'll give you a military national trade status which will make you good money, you won't need to have a revolution, we'll help you militarily and economically; if you're bad human rights records we will exclude you from virtually everything so soviet union and south africa backed down and tried to make their records good so they can get

Front 8

Reagan Doctrine

Back 8

1. Rolling Back Communism
2. won the cold war
3. foreign policy objective was to roll back communism; we would chase the soviets back to their country meaning that soviet communism was not allowed anywhere except in russia not even cuba
4. strategic defense; overstretched soviet economy until it collapsed making us win the cold war
5. called the soviet union the evil empire
6. made mr. goberchov tear down the berlin wall

Front 9

Clinton Doctrine

Back 9

1. Engagement & Enlargement
2. came in capitalizing on the advantages of america
3. engagement means engaging others in a multilateral discussion about how we can all get along knowing that we are the only superpower left; we can engage policies and not care about what the Soviet Union thinks about it; we took money which we were putting into the military and put it in civilians; america became the 'world constable'
4. enlargement – enlarging the largesse of america
5. america boomed just like it was booming in WWII (in WWII, america was supplying everything so we basically led the war)

Front 10

Washington's Farewell Address

Back 10

1. Avoid Entangling Alliances with European Nations - stay away from Europe's wars; great britain is so great because it mastered naval protection
2.Embracing the Concept of “Isolationism” as the cornerstone of American Foreign Policy - you don't need Europe's help, we can get our own cow hides and stuff; just stay away; they only have 50/50 chance of making it across the atlantic ocean; you have it made; he said to use the advantage of being isolated

Front 11

isolationism

Back 11

staying away from foreign affairs

Front 12

detente

Back 12

recognition that if we don't cool down on the Cold War the world would be destroyed by nuclear weapons

Front 13

idealism

Back 13

1.humans are good by nature
2.if there is anything wrong, it was forced by institutions such as congress, military, government, the courts and they account for a majority of the trouble we have
3.no need for war

Front 14

realism

Back 14

1.reverse of idealism
2.humans are designed by nature evil
3.encourages us to believe that humans are bad and that we need to treat them with the “big stick”

Front 15

SLBM

Back 15

submarine launched ballistic missle; 2nd strike capability

Front 16

ICBM

Back 16

intercontinental ballistic missle; 1st strike capability

Front 17

mutually assured destruction

Back 17

MAD; both superpowers realized that if they engaged in a nuclear war, they could destroy the world; when two superpowers use nuclear weapons and they destroy each other

Front 18

NUTS

Back 18

1. nuclear utilization targetables
2. we can fight a nuclear war without going for total annihilation
3. target areas without large collateral of destroying everything
4. the problem was that if they hit them with the small gun and defeat them with it, who says that they won't hit me back with the big gun??? people said they're crazy

Front 19

intermestics

Back 19

the fusing of foreign affairs and domestic affairs

Front 20

1st strike capability

Back 20

1. if i can launch first, i win
2. if i shoot the big gun (ICBM) first, then you're gone

Front 21

2nd strike capability

Back 21

1. let's assume you hit me first, i will hit you back with SLBM (SLBM – submarine launched ballistic missile)
2. brought about the mentality that if i know this guy will hit back, then i have to hit them by sneaking up them

Front 22

superpowers

Back 22

the US became a superpower during WWII along with the Soviet Union and Great Britain (which wasn't a superpower after WWII anymore); the USA and the Soviet Union were the superpowers during the Cold War; after the Cold War, the US was the only superpower left

Front 23

perestroika

Back 23

1.Economic Restructuring - so that people would own businesses like in China; people who had never owned anything on their own were set up on the street to begin to scramble to learn how to own something and they don't know how to run businesses so the soviet union collapsed
2.The Eventual Collapse of the Soviet Union

Front 24

glasnost

Back 24

refers to the soviet union
1. Political Openness
2. speak out against government
3. speak out against the regime so that the regime would get some legitimacy

Front 25

convergence theory

Back 25

these two countries may be different in their economic systems but they're beginning to converge in their desire to make money; was about the same time they were talking about detente

Front 26

low politics

Back 26

1. economics and environment
2. green house effect
3. use economics so everyone is happy
4. why should we manufacture things that are messing up our ozone layer; can't we find another way to make it?
5. saying things like america is polluting the world with it's industries, is there anything to do to change that? why not find a way to harvest energy to do things without going to war? - america would not shut down it's industries because it would face economic disaster so it sent some of its industries to other countries
6. engaged virtually everybody

Front 27

high politics

Back 27

1. war and peace
2. is there any way we can achieve peach without going to war?; can we talk it over?
3. high in the agenda of the super powers

Front 28

MIRVED technology

Back 28

1.multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles
2.we could target just Leningrad or just NY
3.they were saying target the industrial areas (ex: if you're targeting Houston, target just the industries in Houston; destroy just the industries but don't go for downtown Houston to cut down on collateral damages)

Front 29

strategic defense initiatives

Back 29

star wars
1. can create a nuclear umbrella over the US so that if someone tries to hit us nuclearly, our satellites will see it and detonate it midair
2. Soviet Union became overstretched because they couldn't match it and eventually collapsed the Soviet Union

Front 30

offensive weapons

Back 30

ICBM, SCBM, manned bombers

Front 31

defensive weapons

Back 31

star wars

Front 32

nuclear triad

Back 32

manned bombers, SLBM, ICBM

Front 33

cold war

Back 33

1.In check of soviet communism
2.started because of what happened between the west and the russians (specifically the US vs. Soviet Union)
3.super powers (US and Soviet Union) were having a contests
4.cold war took on 'if you're not with us then you're against us' meaning countries who want to be nuetral can't be, they have to be either capitalist or communist
5.Cuban Missle Crisis - soviet union taking weapons and pointing them at the US in cuba
6.cold war got so dangerous and some people started to think about detente*

Front 34

WWI

Back 34

1.Neoisolationism*
1.we were helping other countries and lying about it
2.germany found out and got us back for it; we were pulled into the war
3.we were packaging war materials in commercial boats
4.germany lost but soviet troops learned some new things and went back home and started demanding things from the czars like everyone is building palaces and we're starving so the soviet revolution; they started killing their kings; it ended communism in russia
5.communists said capitalists are evil; communists didn't want anything to do with capitalists and capitalists didn't want to have anything to do with communists

Front 35

WWII

Back 35

1.Disappearance of Isolationism - 1918-1939; nothing but creating war weapons
2. Germany was taking over Europe but they messed up when they went to lay siege to the soviet union, it was winter and they couldn't make it so americans came in from the east and the soviet union came in from the west
3.after WWI, germany started to make war materials to get back at the world for what happened to them
4.Hitler came to power and put everyone against the Jews
5.west (america, great britain, etc.) represented capitalism and the east (germany, russia, soviet union) represented communism