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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Affiliated with, believing in, or acting on behalf of a political party.
partisan
A group that seeks to gain and maintain political power through elections.
political parties
A political system like that in the U.S. in which only two parties have a realistic chance of winning most government offices. This system is rare among the world's other democracies.
two-party system
One of the major political parties in the U.S. since the era of the Civil War. Republicans tend to be more conservative than democrats.
Republican Party
A type of political party system where more than two groups have a chance at winning an election.
multiparty system
Where only one individual is elected from a particular electoral district.
single-member districts
The outcome of an election where only one individual is elected from a district or state, the individual who receives the most votes. It is contrasted with multi member systems where more than one person wins seats in the election.
winner-take-all provision
An election system based on election from multimember districts. The number of seats awarded to each party in each district is equal to the percentage of the total the party receives in the district. Favors the multiparty system
proportional representation
The head of a political party organization, appointed by the national committee of that party, usually at the direction of the party's presidential nominee.
National Chair
The highest level of party organization; chooses the site of the national convention and the formula for determining the number of delegates from each state.
National Committee
Originally, those who supported the U.S. Constitution and favored its ratification; in the early years of the Republic, those who advocated a strong national government.
Federalists
Opponents of a strong national government. They challenged the Federalists in the early years of the Republic.
Jeffersonian Republicans (Jeffersonians)
Democracy where participation is open to common people. Named for someone who first mobilized common people to participate in government.
Jasksonian democracy
(Andrew Jackson)
Political organizations based on patronage that flourished in big cities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This relied on the votes of the lower classes and, in exchange, provided jobs and other services.
Political Machines
A system in which elected officials appoint their supporters to administrative jobs; used by political machines to maintain themselves in power.
Patronage
The practice of giving political supporters government jobs or other benefits.
Spoils system
Reform movement designed to wrest control from political machines and the lower-class immigrants they served. These reforms reduced corruption in politics, but they also seriously weakened the power of political parties.
Progressive movement
A process which requires voters to register their name and address before an election.
voter registration
A system of voting which protects the privacy of an individual's vote choice.
secret ballot
Elections held several weeks or months before the general election that allow voters to select the nominee of their political party.
Primary elections
A system of filing bureaucratic jobs on the basis of competence instead of patronage.
Merit system
Term used to refer to the diminished relevance of political parties.
Dealignment
A voter who is not aligned with any political party.
Independent
Voting for a member of one party for one office and another party for a different office, such as for a Republican presidential candidate but a Democratic House candidate.
Split-ticket voting
A governing system in which political parties have real issue differences, voters align according to those issue differences, and elected officials are expected to vote with their party leadership or lose their chance to run for office.
Responsible party government
The broadly based coalition of southern conservatives, northern liberals, and ethnic and religious minorities that sustained the Democratic Party for some 40 years.
New Deal coalition
The belief that the power of the federal government should not be increased at the expense of the states' power.
States' Rights
The strategy followed by the Republicans in the latter part of the twentieth century to capture the votes of southern whites.
Southern strategy
A psychological link between individuals and a political party that leads those persons to regard themselves as members of that party.
Party identification
An observable pattern of modest but consistent differences in opinion between men and women on various public policy issues.
Gender gap