Govt

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Upper House

Back 1

Senate

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Lower House

Back 2

House of Representatives

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Members in Senate

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100

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Senators Representing each State

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2

Front 5

How did 17th Ammendment affect the Senate?

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*Made it so senators were elected by voters during November elections

*Allowed Governor to appoint them to fill vacancy or hold special elections

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What fraction or percentage of the senate faces reelection every two years?

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1/3, 33 percent

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Why do senators have longer terms?

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It provides them Rough and Tumble from daily politics, makes them less subject to public pressure and pressure from the House of Representatives

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What qualifications must u.s. Senators meet?

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They must be 30 years old, must have been a US citizen for 9 or more years, must be an inhabitant from the state they are elected in.

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Members of Congress play what five major roles?

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A. Legislators

B. Representatives of their Constituents

C. Committee Members

D. Servants of their Constituents

E. Politicians

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Delegate

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See themselves as agents of the people who elected them

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Trustee

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Call issues the way they see them regardless of bias.

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Partisan

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Believe that they owe their first allegiance to their political party.

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Politicos

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Attempt to combine the basic elements of delegates trustees and partisan roles.

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What do committees decide?

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Decide bills, proposed laws, and which measures go to the floor consideration to be considered and acted upon by the house or Senate action.

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What is the representatives job as a servant?

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To try to help those and various dealings with the federal bureaucracy.

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What are the four non-salary benefits of being in Congress

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Discounts on trips home, Medical Care / insurance discounts, retirement pension, tax deduction, workout facilities, Library of Congress, office space at DC and home, parking parking at DC and Airport, budget for assistants, office staff, and supplies

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Representative democracy

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Representatives of people do daily Hands-On work.

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Bicameral legislature

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A two house legislature or federalism

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Session

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A meeting to deal with an emergency.

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Explain the Practical reason our founding fathers created a two house Congress

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So that states would be equally represented

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Who may call a special session of Congress?

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The executive branch

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Apportioned

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Distributed among states on a basis of population.

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Off-year election

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Congressional elections during non-presidential years.

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Gerrymandering

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Drawn to advantage of a political party that controls state legislature

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How many members are in the House of Representatives?

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435

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How long are the terms for members of the House of Representatives?

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2 years

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How many terms May a member of the house or Senate serve?

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There is no constitutional limits.

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Today, each seat in the house represents about how many people

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700000

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What group determines the number of seats that each state has?

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.

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The number of Representatives representing each state is determined by the ___ of the state

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Population

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What two forms does gerrymandering take?

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.

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When was the most recent off-year election held?

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2002

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The Wesbury vs. Sanders 1964 Supreme Court decision established the principle of

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One person, one vote

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What are the three formal constitutional qualifications to be in the House of Representatives?

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Must be at least 25 years old, be a citizen of us for at least 7 years, be an inhabitant of the state which she or he is elected

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Who is the representative from our district in the House of Representatives?

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Cheri Bustos

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Why is Congress reluctant to raise their own salaries?

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The president May veto, voters may get upset, the 27th Amendment states that raises do not take effect after next election.

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Expressed powers

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Powers of congress stated in the Constitution

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Implied powers

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Powers implied from both borrowing and War Powers-- Powers not listed in the Constitution

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Inherent powers

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Powers of those who belong to all Sovereign Nations.

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Commerce power

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Power of congress to regulate interstate and foreign trade

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Taxing power

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Power of congress to tax

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Public debts

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All of the money borrowed by the federal government over the years and is not repaid and accumulated interest

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Deficit financing

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When the government spends more than it takes each year and borrows to make up for the difference

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List 5 things that Congress cannot do

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Can't tax for private benefit, may not tax exports, taxes must be apportioned among states, commerce power must be exercised within the Constitution.

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What are the two types of taxes Congress cannot impose?

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Export taxes and taxes that do not benefit public

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How do protective tariffs protect American businesses?

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Protects against foreign competition by increasing the cost of imports

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Copyrights

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Exclusive right for an author to reproduce publish or sell his or her work

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Patents

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Grants a person the sole right to manufacture, use, or sell a product

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Eminent domain

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Inherent power to take private property for public use

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Naturalization

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Citizens of one country become citizens of another

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What group declares war?

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Congress

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Necessary and proper clause (or elastic clause)

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Gives Congress expressed powers

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The expressed power to tax implies what power

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To punish tax evaders.

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The expressed power to borrow money implies what power?

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To establish a Federal Reserve System of banks.

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The expressed power to establish naturalization laws implies what power?

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The power to regulate and limit segregation

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The expressed power to raise armies implies what power?

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To draft Americans.

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The expressed power to regulate commerce establishes what power?

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The power to establish minimum wage.

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The expressed power to establish post offices implies what power?

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To prohibit mail fraud and obstruction of mails

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What were the views of strict constructionists such as Thomas Jefferson?

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Only implied powers were necessary to carry out expressed powers.

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What were the views of liberal constructionists such as Alexander Hamilton?

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To integrate executive, they were troubled by the broad laws of Power of Congress.

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Successor

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Replacement

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Impeach

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Accuse official of wrongdoing.

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Censure

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Formal condemnation

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Subpoena

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Pertain certain evidence

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What is the most common way that Congress has used to propose an amendment?

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Two-thirds vote in each house

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List the four step impeachment process

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House comes up with charges vs. the accused

Majority vote to accept then to Senate

Senate conducts a jury trial

Two-thirds vote in Senate to convict and impeach

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Other powers of congress

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Senate must approve or reject Presidential appointments

Must ratify treaties of a 2/3 vote

Investigate

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How are the president's appointments confirmed?

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.

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How are treaties approved?

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.

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List at least three reasons Congress might conduct an investigation.

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.

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Speaker of the House

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Acknowledged leader of majority party

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President pro tempore

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Serves in vice president's absence

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Party caucus

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Closed meeting of members of each party in each house.

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Floor leaders

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Party officers

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Whips

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Majority and minority assistants to floor leaders

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Committee chairmen

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.

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Seniority rule

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Unwritten custom that provides most important or best assignments to longest servers

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By tradition or custom, the Speaker of the House is a member of which party?

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.

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Who is our current Speaker of the House?

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Paul Ryan

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List two main duties of the Speaker of the House

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.

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What position is automatically the president of the Senate?

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President pro tempore

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What are two things the president of the Senate cannot do?

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.

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List at least two responsibilities of the floor leaders.

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.

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Where does most of the work of Congress take place?

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Committees; they research, disguise and revise proposed laws

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What are two criticisms of the seniority rule?

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.

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Standing committee

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All similar bills sent

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Subcommittee

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Do most of the committee's work

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Select Committee

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Special committees or panels set up for some specific purpose and mostly limited time.

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Joint Committee

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Composed of members of both houses , temporary purpose

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Conference committee

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If two houses pass different versions of a bill comma it irons out differences in makes a compromise