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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bill of Rights |
First ten amendments, which gurantees personal freedom |
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Civil Liberties |
Protections against the government/ Guarantees of the safety of persons, opinions, and property from arbitrary acts of the government |
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Due Process Clause |
No state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of the law |
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Establishment clause |
Prohibits passing legislation in favor of the establishment of religion |
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Free Exercise Clause |
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise there of |
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Libel |
False and malicious use of printed words |
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Slander |
False and malicious use of spoken word |
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Seditious Speech |
Speech directed at the overthrow of government |
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Symbolic speech |
communicating ideas by conduct, or how a particular thing is done |
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Prior Restrant |
Censorship imposed, usually by a government, on expression before the expression actually takes place |
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John Roberts |
The 17th current Chief Justice in the US |
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Civil Disobedience |
Incidents in which a person or persons purposefully violates the law |
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Assemble |
Gather in one place for a common purpose |
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Petition |
To bring to the attention of public officials by such varied means as written petitions, letters, or advertisement |
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Eminent domain |
the power of the government to take private property for public use |
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Discrimination |
Prejudice, Unfairness |
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Probable Cause |
Reasonable suspicion of crime |
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Gran Jury |
A legal body that is powered to conduct official proceedings to investigate potential criminal conduct and whether charges should be brought |
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Indictment |
Formal complaint that a prosecutor lays before a grand jury |
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Miranda Rule |
The requirement that police must read a suspect his or her rights before any questioning occurs |
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Writ of habeas corpus |
A court order to a person (prison warden) or agency (institution) holding someone in custody to deliver the imprisoned individual to a court issuing the order |
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Capital Punishment |
the death penalty |
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Jus soli |
Law that citizenship is determined by where you are born |
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Jus sanguinis |
principle where citizenship is not determined by place of birth but by having one or both parents who are citizens of the state |
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Natualization |
Legal process by which a non-citizen in a country may acquire citizenship of that country |
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Denaturalization |
Process by which the US government revokes or cancels a citizenship |
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Expatriation |
Legal process by which a loss of citizenship occurs; to withdraw from ones native country |
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Deportation |
A legal process by which aliens are legally required to leave the country |
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Refugee |
One who seeks protection from war, prosecution, or some other danger |
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Assimilation |
Process by which people of one culture merge into and become part of another |
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Equal Protection |
States can not draw unreasonable distinction between any classes of persons |
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De jure |
Segregation authorized by law |
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De facto |
Segregation that exists even if no law requires it |
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Earl Warren |
14th Chief Justice of the US |
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Affirmative action |
Federal government requires that most employers take positive steps to remedy the effects of past discrimination |
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Reverse Discrimination |
Discrimination against the majority group |
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Quota |
The share of a group needed to satisfy an affirmative action requirement |
