Government Test 3

Front 1

Electoral College

Back 1

institution est. by the constitution for electing the president and vice-president and whose members - electors voted by the voters- actually elect the president and vice president

Front 2

Delegated Powers

Back 2

Legal authority that the people in the states granted to the national government for certain purposes by ratifying the Constitution, delegated powers can be either express or implied

Front 3

Express powers

Back 3

powers specifically enumerated in the Constitution as belonging to the national government

Front 4

Implied Powers

Back 4

powers of national government not specifically cited in the Constitution but implicit in powers expressly granted by the Constitution

Front 5

Reserve Powers

Back 5

powers not specifically prohibited to the states and not delegated to the national government by the Constitution

Front 6

10th Amendment

Back 6

amendment ratified in 1791 the reserves to the states powers not prohibited to them and not delegated to the national government by the Constitution

Front 7

Home rule

Back 7

a legal status in which local governments, especially large cities, can determine for themselves within broad parameters their own powers and functions without interference from the state government

Front 8

Hurricane Katrina

Back 8

a national disaster that required local, state and federal relief.

Front 9

Dual Federalism

Back 9

a model of federalism in which national and state governments are separate and independent from each other, which each level exercising its own powers in its own jurisdiction

Front 10

Marble cake federalism

Back 10

a model of federalism in which the intertwining relationships between the national and state and local governments are likened to the intertwining flavors in a marble cake

Front 11

categorical grant-in-aid

Back 11

transfers of cash from the national to state and/or local governments for some purpose, usually with the accompanying requirement that state and local governments match the national money with some funds of their own

Front 12

block grant

Back 12

transfers of cash from the national to state and local governments in which state and local officials are allowed discretion in spending the money within some broad policy area, such as community development or social services

Front 13

changing state constitutions

Back 13

--

Front 14

ex post facto laws

Back 14

a law that makes an act a crime after it was committed or increases the punishment for the crime already committed - prohibited by the constitution

Front 15

17th amendment

Back 15

ratified in 1913, it provides for the direct popular election of US senators

Front 16

home-style

Back 16

-members' allocation of time and resources to their district
-personal style
-their explanations of washington activities

Front 17

franking privileges

Back 17

a congressional benefit that permits members to send out official mail using their signature rather than postage

Front 18

pork barrel politics

Back 18

the effort to enact legislation favoring a legislator's home district, often in the form of costly government spending that may not be advantageous to the country as a whole

Front 19

omsbudsman

Back 19

a person who intervenes with the bureaucracy on behalf of individual citizens

Front 20

reciprocity

Back 20

a practice whereby two or more members of congress exchange support for the legislation important to each other

Front 21

legislative norms

Back 21

the unwritten rules of acceptable behavior in Congress

Front 22

Speaker of the House

Back 22

the presiding officer of the House of Reps, who is selected by the majority party

Front 23

rules committee

Back 23

powerful House committee that clears most important bills for floor considerations and decides the rule under which bills should be considered or, also, the committee of a party convention that recommends changes in the way a party conducts its affairs

Front 24

majority leader

Back 24

leader and chief spokesperson for the majority party in the House

Front 25

minority leader

Back 25

leader and chief spokesperson for the minority party in the House

Front 26

party whip

Back 26

member of each party's leadership responsible for party discipline and attendance for key votes

Front 27

president pro tempore

Back 27

the presiding officer of the Senate in the absence of the vice president - largely honorific post, usually given to the senior majority party member

Front 28

standing committees

Back 28

the permanent committees of Congress that alone can approve legislation and send it to the floor of the house or senate

Front 29

joint committees

Back 29

permanent committees of Congress made up of members from both houses

Front 30

Congressional Budget Office

Back 30

provides essential analysis of the economy and the federal budget for Congress. Specifically, it provides an assessment of the inflationary impact of major bills., projects five year costs of proposed leg, and forecasts economic trends.
-gives congress an independent base of economic and budgetary expertise to challenge the economic assumptions behind the president's budget.

Front 31

mark-up

Back 31

the process in which a leg. committee sets the precise language and amendments of a bill

Front 32

closed rules

Back 32

an order from the House Rules Committee that prohibits amendments to a bill under consideration on the House floor

Front 33

open rules

Back 33

an order from the House Rules Committee whereby amendments to a bill are permitted on the floor

Front 34

riders

Back 34

provisions, usually attached to appropriation bills that "ride" into law on the backs of necessary pieces of leg. with which the president would have to veto an entire bill in order to kill the amendment

Front 35

filibuster

Back 35

continuing debate designed to prevent consideration of a particular bull, a technique used in the Senate

Front 36

cloture

Back 36

Rule 22 of the Senate in which discussion on a piece of leg. can be suspended after no more than thirty hours of debate by a vote of sixty members

Front 37

House-Senate Conference Committee

Back 37

a joint committee designed to reconcile differences between the House and Senate versions of the bill.

Front 38

Presidential qualifications

Back 38

Natural born citizen, must be 35, and resident of US for at least 14 years.

Front 39

22nd amendment

Back 39

Natural born citizen, must be 35, and resident of US for at least 14 years.

Front 40

removal power

Back 40

declared in myers vs. US that the prez powers to remove non civil service appointees was unrestricted and beyond the reach of congress. Prez cannot dismiss career civil servants except for cause

Front 41

cabinet (inner and outer)

Back 41

Inner: consists of secretaries of state ,defense, and treasury as well as attorney general . handle issues of broad importance- national security, economy, administration justice.

Outer: officers whose departments deal with sharply defined programs and are subject to considerable pressure from client groups.

Front 42

White House Staff

Back 42

select for senior white house positions people with whom they are comfortable and with whom they share a common background and political perspective. Loyalty to president

Responsibilities: setting legislative strategy, keeping check on the bureaucracy, reviewing the performance of cabinet and sub cabinet officials, planning the presidents time, saying no for the prez to people who want something that he cannot give

Front 43

EOP

Back 43

executive office of the president, created 1939 to serve as managerial arm of the presidency it includes such agencies as the national Security Council, the office of management and budget, and the council of economic advisers. Structure reflects the dominant issues of the time.

Front 44

OMB

Back 44

office of management and budget an agency in the EOP that provides the prez with budgetary info and advice and is responsible for compiling the president’s annual budget proposal to congress. Helping the prez to develop annual budget that gets submitted to congress, serving as clearinghouse for legislative proposals submitted to the president by various departments and assuring that all such proposals are consistent with presidential lobjectives, monitoring the implementation of the president’s programs and making sure they are administered efficiently.

Front 45

NSC

Back 45

national security council: designed to provide the presdent with advice and policy coordination on questions of national security, its members include the prez the vice the secretaries of state and defense and any other officials the prez may add.

Front 46

Presidential Succession Act of 1947

Back 46

established the line of presidential succession after the vice prez as follows, the speaker of the house, the president pro tempore of the senate, and the cabinet secretaries in the order of establishment of their departments.

Front 47

Executive Agreements

Back 47

agreements between heads of state that unlike treaties do not require approval by the senate- there are no clear legal distinctions between the substance of a treaty and that of an executive agreement

Front 48

Executive privilege

Back 48

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Front 49

Impeachment

Back 49

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