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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bill Of Rights
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the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.
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The 14th Amendment
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All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and the State wherein they reside.
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Due Process Clause
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Acts as a safeguard from arbitrary denial of life, liberty, or property by the Government outside the sanction of law.
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Establishment Clause
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The clause in the First Amendment of the US Constitution that prohibits the establishment of religion by Congress.
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Equal Protection Clause
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Part of the 14th Amendment. Provides that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws"
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Supremacy Clause
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Article Six, Clause 2 of the U.S. Constitution that establishes the U.S. Constitution, federal statutes, and U.S. treaties as "the supreme law of the land".
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Necessary and Proper Clause/Elastic Clause
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The Congress shall have Power ... To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
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Oligarchy
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a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
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Dictatorship
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government by a dictator.
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Direct Democracy
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the power to govern lies directly in the hands of the people rather than being exercised through their representatives.
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Representative Democracy
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a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to autocracy and direct democracy.
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Absolute Monarchy
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a monarchical form of government in which the monarch has absolute power among his or her people. An absolute monarch wields unrestricted political power over the sovereign state and its people.
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Socialist Government
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An economic system in which the production and distribution of goods are controlled substantially by the government rather than by private enterprise, and in which cooperation rather than competition guides economic activity.
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Attorney General
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the principal legal officer who represents a country or a state in legal proceedings and gives legal advice to the government.
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Reapportionment
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Redistribution of representation in a legislative body.
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Opportunity Cost
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the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.
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Declaration of Independence
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adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with Great Britain, regarded themselves as 13 newly independent sovereign states, and no longer a part of the British Empire.
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The Preamble
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the introductory part of a statute or deed, stating its purpose, aims, and justification.
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Articles of Confederation
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the agreement made by the original 13 states in 1777 establishing a confederacy to be known as the United States of America; replaced by the Constitution of 1788
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General Assembly
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A legislative body, especially a U.S. state legislature.
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Limited Government
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A political system in which legalized force is restricted through delegated and enumerated powers.
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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
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Military alliance formed between 26 nations to enforce the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949.
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NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
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an agreement among the United States, Canada and Mexico designed to remove tariff barriers between the three countries.
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(IMF) International Monetary Fund
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an international organization that promotes the stabilization of the world's currencies and maintains a monetary pool from which member nations can draw in order to correct a deficit in their balance of payments: a specialized agency of the United Nations.
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Appellate Court
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responsible for hearing and reviewing appeals from legal cases that have already been heard in a trial-level or other lower court.
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Circuit Court
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a movable court in which the judge holds court sessions at several different locations for pre-specified periods of time.
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District Court
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a state of federal trial court.
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Court of Appeals
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a court to which appeals are taken in a federal circuit or a state.
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