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152 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nomination |
The process that a political party goes through to appoint someone to run for office |
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Incumbent |
A candidate who is the current office holder |
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Constituents |
Residents of a district represented by an elected official |
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Registration |
Officially signing up with local election officials for the specific purpose of voting |
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Petition |
Method of nomination that's a formal document signed by a specific number of qualified voters for a candidate in the election district |
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Optical Scan |
Method of voting we use in Michigan
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Polling Place |
Location in a specific precinct where residents of that area go to vote |
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Absentee voting |
Voters aren't able to vote on election day |
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Poll watchers |
Appointed by political parties and candidates to observe the polls on election day |
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States |
Determines the date for state elections |
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Straight ticket |
Vote for all candidates in one party |
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Closed primary |
Primary that only allows |
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Open Primary |
Primary does not make a person declare what their party membership is |
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Secretary of State |
Michigan's chief election officer |
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Violation of free speech |
Main criticism of campaign finance reform |
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Bipartisan |
Two major parties working together to support a particular issue |
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Patronage |
Give friends and supports jobs in the government as a reward for service to the candidate |
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Partisonship |
Strong devotion to a political party |
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Precincts |
Smallest unit of election districts |
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Govern |
Majority power controls comittee posts and sets legislative agenda |
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Watchdog |
Keeps other parties accountable |
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Nominate |
Name candidates for office |
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Moderate |
Lessen extremism on both ends, brings diverse interests together |
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Party platform |
Party's position on current issues |
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Every four years |
How often is the party platform drafted? |
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Primary |
State election that is used to select each party's candidates who will run in the general election |
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Political Party |
Group that is formed to advance certain political goals and is organized to gain power by winning elections |
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Incumbent |
Candidate who is a current office holder |
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Interest groups |
Group of people who unite to form an organization to influence government about an issue or agenda |
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Political campaign |
An organized effort by a political party or candidate to attract voter support in elections |
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Third parties |
Smaller political parties that are generally organized around a particular issue |
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Independants |
Voters who are not associated with any particular political party |
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Stability |
Characteristic that says that a two party system is more constant because there are not several parties competing for the majority, coming together, and then breaking apart |
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National convention |
Highest level of party organiztation and is considered a pep rally in politics |
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Reserved powers |
Powers the constitution does not give to the national goverment and does not withold from the state government |
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Delegated powers |
Powers given to the national government by the Constitution that define the limit of its authority |
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Enumerated powers |
Powers given to the government that are specifically listed in the constitution |
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Implied powers |
Powers not specifically listed but may be necessary to carry out the listed power |
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Supremecy clause, article 1, section 10 |
Constitutional clause, article, and section that says state law cannot contradict national law or supreme court rulings |
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Full faith and credit clause |
Constitutional clause requires states to respect each other's public acts, records, and judicial rulings |
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Supremecy clause |
Constitutional clause gives lawmakers the power to make laws that would be needed to carry out specific powers given to the legislative branch |
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Privileges and immunities clause |
Constitutional clause gives nonresidents of a state the ability to work, purchase merchandise, and travel with the same rights as those who live in the state |
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Ratification |
Formal approval process of an amendment |
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Impeachment |
Process that charges the president or other government officials of wrongdoing |
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Immunity |
Exemption form the penalty of law |
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Treason |
Giving comfort and aid to enemies of the U.S. |
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Proposal |
Formal introduction of an amendment |
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Legislative branch |
Article 1 |
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Executive Branch |
Article 2 |
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Judicial branch |
Article 3 |
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Interstate relations |
Article 4 |
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Amending the constitution |
Article 5 |
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Constitutional and national supremacy |
Article 6 |
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Ratifying the constitution |
Article 7 |
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Preserve, protect, and defend |
Three things the president has to do when sworn into office |
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Bill of rights |
First ten amendments of the constitution |
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Passed in both houses, signed by president |
Two things that must happen in order for legislation to be passed |
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Two witnesses |
Needed to convict a treason case |
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State of the union address |
Speach mandated by the constitution that the president has to give once a year |
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John Roberts |
Current chief justice of the supreme court |
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Uphold the constitution |
National and state officers must pledge to |
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To form a more perfect union |
Which purpose as stated in the preamble tried to reassure the people that this new govermnent that they were creating was going to be a better government |
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To promote general welfare |
Purpose as stated in the preamble that the federal government would do all it could to encourage the well being of its citizens
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To ensure domestic tranquility |
Purpose as stated in the preamble that was a direct result of shay's rebellion |
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To secure the blessing of liberty to our posterity |
Purpose stated in the preamble that wanted to protect and maintain |
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Legistlative |
Branch of government that has the power to borrow money |
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Executive |
Branch of government able to grant pardons, reprieves, and amnesty |
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Legislative |
Branch of government that has the power to declare war |
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Judicial |
Branch that defines treason |
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Legislative |
Branch that has the authority to punish counterfiters |
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Leglislative |
Branch that has the power of the purse |
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Legislative |
Branch that has the power to regulate naturalization and bankruptsy laws |
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Boycott |
Act of protest in which business is withheld or refused |
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Deism |
Believes that God started the world, established natural law, and then had little to do with the affairs of man |
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Ratification |
To approve and sanction formally |
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Quorom |
Minimum number of members needed in the legislature to conduct business |
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Federalists |
Those who were for the new constitutions |
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Anti-federalists |
Those who were opposed to the new constitution |
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To provide for the common defense |
Purpose as stated in the preamble made sure that the states would back each other up against foreign invasion |
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To establish justice |
Which purpose as stated in the preamble emphasized that fair trade, fair trials, and fair representation |
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Legislative |
The branch of government that has the authority to establish rules for the military |
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Executive |
Branch of government that establishes the presidential cabinet |
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Madison, Hamilton, Jay |
Federalists |
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Mason, Gerry, Henry |
Anti-Federalists |
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July 4th, 1776 |
Congress approved the declaration of independence |
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September 17th, 1787 |
Congress signed the official copy of the constitution |
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Federalist papers |
Essays clearly explained and defended the constitutional provisions of power |
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Declaration of independence |
Document clearly listed reasons that justified the colonies break with england |
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George Washington |
Man assigned as the firest general of the constitutional army |
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Thomas Jefferson |
Man assigned to write the declaration of independence |
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James Madison |
Man credited as the Father of our constitution |
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George Washington |
Man elected as the first president of united states |
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James Madison |
Man who took the most detailed notes during the constitutional convention |
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George washington |
Man chosen to be president of the constitutional convention |
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John Hancock |
First signer of the declaration of independence |
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Pass a bill of rights |
Virginia finally ratified the constitution after madison promised them that he would |
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Interfere with the slave trade |
As part of the compromise that had to do with trade |
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Democracy |
Rule by the will of the majority |
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Republic |
Representative form of government that is ruled according to a charter or constitution |
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Direct democracy |
Every citizen is involved by hearing proposals and arguments and then participates directly by vote |
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Totalitarianism |
Absolute power lies within the ruling class and seeks to exercise control over every aspect of people's lives |
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Indirect Democracy |
People elect their peers to represent them in government on their behalf |
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Anarchy |
A state of lawlessness due to the absence or inefficiency of the supreme power |
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Autocratic |
Rule by one person with supreme authority |
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Oligarchic |
Rule by an elite group, often self-appointed |
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Legislative |
The branch that makes the laws |
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Executive |
The branch that enforces the laws |
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Judicial |
The branch that interprets the laws |
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Senate |
The upper house in congress |
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President |
Chief executive of the united states |
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Vice President |
Seconde in command at the federal level |
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Governor |
Chief executive of a state |
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Lt. Governor |
Second in command at the state level |
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Pragmantism |
Describes doing what works regardless of morality |
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Incorporation |
Process cities have to go through to legally exist |
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Economic opprotunity |
Gives people hope |
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Counties |
Considered to be the largest local government |
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Bicameral |
Describes the legislature as having two separate houses |
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Unicameral |
Describes the legislature as having one house |
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Bill of rights |
Protects the freedom of all citizens to speak, assemble, and worship without government intervention |
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Pluralistic society |
Differing opinions and parties that exist freely |
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Government |
System of public rule or authority |
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Social contract |
Cannot be given by government beacause it is a gift of GOd |
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The Bible |
Only criterion by which can distinguish good and evil |
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Creation mandate |
Describes God's command to man to exercise wise and responsible dominion over the earth
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Righteousness |
Conformity to a standard |
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Anarchy |
Absense of any government |
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Patriotism |
Love and devotion to one's country |
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Theocracy |
Government ruled directly by God |
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McGuffy's reader |
Schoolbooks that taught reading and moral precepts and were influenced by Noah Webster |
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Human Depravity |
Every part of our being has been twisted by the fall of sin |
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Great awakening |
Revival that ccame to america in the late 17th century that rekindled the spiritual life of sinners |
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Authority |
Power to enforce laws, exact obedience, command, determine, and judge |
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Punish unrighteous, Reward righteous, protect citizens |
Obligations of the government |
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Social contract |
Principle that states the government is formed by the consent of the people |
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Emphasize Biblical values in early America's foundation |
The goal of christian beginnings in america |
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Warrant |
What policemen need in order to search houses |
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Bail |
Money paid to get prisoners out of jail |
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Miranda Rights |
Police have to read these to a person getting arrested |
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Subpoena |
Papers saying a person must witness a trial |
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Must be peaceful |
One stipulation of freedom of assembly |
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Right to due process |
Ability to have a fair and proper trial |
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Lame duck |
Official who is still in office but has not been reelected and has no power
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Franchise |
The right to vote |
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25 |
Age requirement to run for U.S. house of rep |
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18 |
Age requirement to run for office in Michigan |
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9 |
Citizenship requirement to run for U.S. senate |
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30 days |
Citizenship requirement to run for office in the state of Michigan |
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Independent Expenditures |
Person or group uses money to help elect or defeat a candidate without the candidates knowledge |
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Poll watchers |
Group of people that are appointed by the president to oversee federal elections |
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Article 1 Amendment 17 |
When in the constitution does it explain the requirements for the election of the U. S. house and senate members |
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General Elections |
Election is used to actually fill the elective office, not a narrowing down to one candidate of each party |
