Gov2306 C1

Front 1

what are Texas politics and government based on?

Back 1

Ideological, Historical, Social, Economic Context of Texas

Front 2

how big is Texas?
population, size

Back 2

22.1 million people, 2nd largest state in population and size

Front 3

what are the 5 ethnic groups living in Texas?

Back 3

Native Americans, Hispanics, African Americans, Asian Americans, Anglos

Front 4

Native Americans settlement in Texas? (then, now, forever)

Back 4

o then: smallpox, cholera, military campaigns, removal to reservations
o now: 3 tribes on reservations (Alabama Coushatta, Kickapoo, Tigua)
o legacy: economic patterns (farming, trading, fishing), named the state (Caddo word for friends)

Front 5

Hispanics settlement in Texas? (then, now)

Back 5

o then: Spanish explored Texas in 1500s, settled in 1700s (5,000 come); mission (for citizens and religions), the presidio (defense), rancho (sustenance), civilian settlements
o then: Never a large part of the population until boom in 1900s
o now: political clout (officials, judges). most elected Hispanic officials are Democrats

Front 6

African American settlement in Texas? (then, now)

Back 6

o then: few blacks because of Mexican government’s opposition to slavery. Increased rapidly after slavery was legalized between 1836 (Texan independence) and 1865 (Civil War begins). After that it only declined
o then: used to live alongside rivers, but abandoned the rural areas of East Teas for urban centers closest to old plantation districts: Houston, Dallas

Front 7

Asian Americans settlement in Texas? (then, now)

Back 7

o first settlement: Chinese immigrants working for Houston and Texas Central Railway
o Japan: early 1900s colony in Webster
o Vietnam: 1970s, when South Vietnam collapsed to North Vietnam, Vietnamese immigrants came to Texas
o now: most offices held recently at county or municipal level

Front 8

Anglos settlement in Texas? (then, now)

Back 8

o early settlement
 1816-1836, upper Southerners, went to northeast Texas
 1819, lower Southerners , went to southeast
 1836-1865, legalization of slavery attracted more from the low South, upper South keeps colonizing in Western interior
 1865, trickle continues in equal proportions of upper and lower South
o politics: Anglos dominated since Texas became its own republic

Front 9

elements of population today?

Back 9

growth, urbanization, minorities

Front 10

elements of population: growth?

Back 10

growth by immigration, emigration, and natural increase

Front 11

elements of population today: urbanization

Back 11

fastest growing metropolitan areas are Austin-San Marcos, Dallas, Houston, Fort Worth-Arlington, or on the border

Front 12

elements of population today: minorities

Back 12

Hispanics will outnumber Anglos in Texas by 2020s.
o politics change:
 affiliation: Hispanics will gain political clout. (More Hispanics are Democrats than Republicans), but ideology: evenly spread between liberals, conservatives, moderates
? policy: most important economic issue is jobs, tax changes, elementary and middle school education spending up, spending on health care up

Front 13

What is ideology?

Where does it come from in TX

Back 13

set of your beliefs that creates your idea of what government should do

Texan Creed

Front 14

What is the Texan Creed?

Back 14

individualism, liberty, democracy/constitutionalism, equality

comes from Texan experiences, especially during the 1800s

shapes politics and government in Texas

Front 15

history of Texan Creed's individualism

Back 15

 frontier era (1830s-1870s): battle with Mexico for cultural/political dominance, battle with Native Americans for land dominance, battle with land itself. Settlers encroached, Native Americans (Comanche of west Texas) attacked. property: ownership of land
 cowboys
 protection: Texas Rangers militia kept order

Front 16

what is individualism under the Texan Creed

Back 16

everyone should act according to his/her own conscience

Front 17

history of Texan Creed's liberty

Back 17

 Mexico: seen as encroaching on settlers’ rights by banning immigration, then enforcing tariff collection, (Santa Anna 1835) centralizing government, sending troops to Texas
+ the Alamo: volunteers fought to deaths at a the mission in San Antonio (some Tejanos, native Texans of Mexican descent, feel the Alamo is a symbol of Mexican repression

Front 18

what is liberty under the Texan Creed

Back 18

person's individual rights are free from government infringement

Front 19

what is the history of constitutiaonlism/democracy under the Texan Creed

Back 19

Texas creation of a constitution to limits government rights, Bill of Rights that defines personal rights

Front 20

what is constitutionalism and democracy?

Back 20

constitution that limits the government

Front 21

what is the history of equality under the Texan Creed

Back 21

blacks, mexican Americans traditionally discriminated against

Front 22

what is equality (under the Texan Creed)?

Back 22

everyone should be treated the same

Front 23

what is ideology?

Back 23

attitudes about the purpose and scope of government

Front 24

libertarians' ideology?

political scope in texas?

Back 24

- government should not create equality
- government should not put traditional values onto

garners 3-5 percent of the vote

Front 25

populism's ideology?

political scope in texas?

Back 25

-government should establish equality
- government should establish traditional values to maintain order

not present anymore (popular in 1890s), but still a live ideology

Front 26

conservatives' ideology?

political scope in texas?

Back 26

- government should not establish equality
- government should maintain traditional values

present in both democrat/republican parties, state and local government

Front 27

liberals' ideology?

political scope in texas?

Back 27

- government should establish equality
- government should not maintain traditional values

Front 28

Elements of the old economy

Back 28

cotton, cattle, petroleum

Front 29

cotton production before and now

Back 29

before: based on slave plantations, supported the state between 1836 and 1845

today: accounts for over 25% of cotton production

Front 30

cattle production before and now

Back 30

before: inherited practice from Mexicans; XIT ranch 3 million acres

Front 31

petroleum production before and now

Back 31

supported the state in the 1900s

Front 32

elements of today's economy

Back 32

o diversity: to withstand economic setbacks
 cause: petroleum declined in early 1980s

o size: larger
 jobs: increase in jobs, especially during 1990s
 unemployment: rate in 1990s was 4.5 percent, the lowest rate in 20 years

o expansive: more expansive
 globalized during the 1990s, especially after the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
 industries: exports – electronics, industrial machinery, chemicals/petrochemicals, transportation equipment
 challenge: highly skilled, high-wage workforce