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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aggregate partisanship |
the distribution or percentage, of the electorate that identifies with each of the political parties |
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aggregate public opinion |
the sum of all individual opinions |
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ambivalence |
a state of mind produced when particular issues evoke attitudes and beliefs that pull in opposite directions |
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cognitive shortcut |
a mental device allowings citizens to make complex decisions based on a small amount of infomation |
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Conservative |
A proponent of a political ideology that favours small or limited government, and unfettered free market, self-reliance, and traditional social norms. |
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Framing |
Providing a context that affects the criteria citizens used to evaluate candidates, campaigns, and political issues |
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Issue publics |
Groups of citizens who are more attentive to particular areas of public policy than average citizens because such groups have some special stake in the issues |
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Liberals |
A proponent of a political ideology that favors expensive government action to redress social and economic inequalities and tolerate social behaviour that conservatives view as deviant |
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Measurement errors |
Uncertainties in public opinion that arise from the imperfect connection between the wording of the survey and the terms in which people understand |
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Opinion leaders |
A citizen who is highly attentive to and involved in politics or some related area and to whom other citizens turn for political info |
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Political socialization |
The process by which citizens acquire their political beliefs and values |
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Prime |
The news media's influence on how citizens make political judgments through emphasis on particular stories |
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Access |
The ability of privileged outsiders such as an interest group to obtain a hearing from elected officials or bureaucrats |
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Coordinated campaign spending |
Spending by the Democratic and Republican party committees on behalf of individual congressional candidates |
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Independent campaign spending |
Campaign spending by a person or organization for or against a political candidate that is not controlled by a campaign |
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Micro targeting |
The process of targeting very specific groups of potential voters |
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Mobilization |
Also known as "getting out the vote" -occurs when activate working for parties candidates or interest groups as members of the electorate to vote |
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Party label |
Label carrying the party's brand name incorporating the policies position and pass performance voters attribute to it |
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Performance voting |
Basing votes for candidates on how well the candidate performed while in office |
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Soft money |
Money used by political parties for voter registration, public education, and voter mobilization. Was outlawed in 2002 |
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Australian ballot |
A valid prepared and distributed by government officials that place is the names of all candidates on a single list and is filled out by voters in private |
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Caucus |
A closed meeting of a political or legislative group to choose candidates for office or to decide issues of policy |
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New deal coalition |
An electoral alliance that was the basis of democratic dominance from 1930-1970 |
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Party machines |
State or local party organizations based on patronage |
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Patronage |
Bribery.. the practice of awarding jobs, grants, licenses or other special favors in exchange for political support |
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Progressive Era |
A period from 1880-1920 associated with the reform of government |
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Superdelegates |
A delegate to Democratic national convention who is eligible to attend because he or she is an elected party officials |
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Grassroots lobbying |
Lobbying conducted by rank and file members of an interest group |
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Insider tactics |
Interest group activity that includes normal lobbying on Capitol Hill working closely with members of Congress |
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Lobbying |
Activities to which individuals interest groups and other institutions 6 to influence public policy by persuading government officials to support their position |
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Outsider tactics |
Interest group activities designed to influence elected officials by threatening to impose political cost on them if they do not respond |
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Political action committee PAC |
A federally registered fundraising group that pulls money from individuals to give to political candidates and parties |
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Selective incentives |
Private goods are benefits that induce rational actors to participate in a collective effort to provide a collective good |
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Partisanship |
In favor of a particular cause. Bias |
