Gov

Front 1

Identify citizens’ legal duties toward government

Back 1

Obeying laws, paying taxes, serving on juries, defending nation when necessary.

Front 2

Recognize the difference between jus soli and jus sanguinis

Back 2

Jus Soli: law of the soil. Jus Sanguinis: Law of blood.

Front 3

Describe some examples of what must be done to become a naturalized citizen in the U.S.

Back 3

You must be 18. Be a lawful permanent U.S. resident. Be a resident in the US for five years

Front 4

Electorate

Back 4

those who qualify to vote

Front 5

Poll tax

Back 5

of a fixed amount for each person, formerly paid as a requirement for voting some states; banned by the twenty-fourth amendment to constitution

Front 6

Literacy test

Back 6

tests they gave that would be given at the polls so make it harder for blacks to vote

Front 7

Grandfather clause

Back 7

you could only vote if your grandfather or father voted before 1867

Front 8

Briefly explain the state of Ohio’s residency and registration requirements to legally vote

Back 8

30 day residency requirement. Registration prevents fraud.

Front 9

Aliens

Back 9

citizens of another country who live in U.S.

Front 10

Immigrants

Back 10

people who travel to a country with intention of living there permanently

Front 11

Refugees

Back 11

persons who flee from one place to another to find protection

Front 12

Describe the “push-pull” forces in immigration and patterns of immigration in U.S. history and today

Back 12

Push: economic, social, political forces that push migrants out of country
Pull: economic, social, political forces that pull immigrants to new country

Front 13

Government involvement in social issues

Back 13

(Liberal):Against, (Conservatives):For

Front 14

Government involvement in economic issues

Back 14

(Liberal):For, (Conservatives):Against

Front 15

Abortion

Back 15

(Liberal): Pro-Choice, (Conservatives):Pro-Life

Front 16

Environment

Back 16

(Liberal):For, (Conservatives):Against

Front 17

Taxes

Back 17

(Liberal):Against, (Conservatives):For

Front 18

Health care

Back 18

(Liberal):For, (Conservatives):Against

Front 19

Same-sex marriage

Back 19

(Liberal):For, (Conservatives):Against

Front 20

Family

Back 20

Area of political attitudes most studied

Front 21

Gender

Back 21

Women: In 1950s were more often Republicans, today more likely to be Democrats . Men: more often Republicans

Front 22

Education

Back 22

Attending college has major impact on political attitudes, usually making more liberal

Front 23

Race/ethnicity

Back 23

African Americans have become most consistently liberal group in Democratic Party. Less of a cleavage between rich and poor blacks than rich and poor whites.

Front 24

Describe the effects of political elites/activists on political opinions

Back 24

they raise and frame political issues. They state the norms (standard of right or proper conduct) by which issues should be settled – acceptable and not acceptable policy options

Front 25

Work-related

Back 25

Labor unions, professional organizations (American Federation of Teachers, Ohio Federation of Teachers)

Front 26

Personal interest

Back 26

Special population: NAACP, B’nai B’rith.
Public interest: ACLU, NRA, FAIR

Front 27

Influencing elections

Back 27

Urge members to vote for candidates who support views. Produce “report cards” regarding legislators. Candidates rely on interest group support, donations

Front 28

Lobbying

Back 28

Stop legislators “in the lobby”. Done by members, volunteers, paid professionals

Front 29

Going to court

Back 29

Provide information to attorneys for cases. Ask members to testify in court. Provide background for legal issues. Can file amicus curiae (“friend of the court) brief with courts – a statement of group’s position

Front 30

Recognize the definition of a political action committee and describe their limitations

Back 30

Supreme Court ruled that independent groups cannot be stopped from giving money to candidate as long as it’s not legally tied to candidate. Limits: $5,000 to candidate’s primary race. $5,000 to candidate’s general election race. Unlimited spending to support candidate on its own.

Front 31

Identify the difference between a partisan and non-partisan election

Back 31

Partisan: elections in which candidates represent political parties.
Non-partisan: elections in which candidates are not identified by party

Front 32

Explain the differences between a primary and general election

Back 32

General: Voters select govt leaders from candidates nominated by political parties or who run independently. Primary:Party candidates compete against each other

Front 33

Closed primary

Back 33

most common, only voters who have identified themselves as party members may vote; voters receive only ballot of their party

Front 34

Open primary

Back 34

all qualified voters participate; voter chooses one party, then votes for its candidates

Front 35

Run-off primary

Back 35

top 2 vote-getters compete if nobody gets majority

Front 36

Initiative

Back 36

Citizens can propose new laws

Front 37

Referendum

Back 37

Voters may approve or reject legislation already passed

Front 38

Recall

Back 38

Voters remove an official from office before end of term

Front 39

Recognize Ohio’s laws regarding referendum and initiatives

Back 39

Initiative: Must create committee (3-5 people). Referendum: Must have signatures from at least 44 counties (of 88), anywhere b/t 1.5 – 5% from previous gubernatorial (governor’s) election

Front 40

Recognize kinds of funding for presidential elections

Back 40

candidates must raise $5,000 in at least 20 states

Front 41

Federal Election Act (1971)

Back 41

Established Fed. Election Commission (FEC).Verifies fundraising

Front 42

PACs

Back 42

Cannot donate more than $5,000 per candidate per election

Front 43

McCain-Feingold Act (2003)

Back 43

Individual contribution limit: $2400.Candidate must verify ads: “I’m John McCain, and I approve this message”