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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gout is what?
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systemic disease caused by either increased uric acid, or underexcretion of uric acid
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gout was called?
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rich or kings disease
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purine metabolism gives us what?
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uric acid
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there is how many types of gout?
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-Primary (hereditary) over production or retention of uric acid
-Secondary increased uric acid due to other reason or disorder |
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What are the 4 phases of gout?
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-Asymptomatic (no S/S)
-Acute (excruciating pain, rapid, inflammation of 1 or more small joints... big toe) -Intermittent (asymptomatic between acute attacks) -Chronic (constant repeated episodes of acute gout, with deposits of urate crystals under the skin and within major organs esp. kidneys) |
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urate crystals have what other name?
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Tophi
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S/S of gout
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-immense pain
-Tophi present -low fever -headache/malaise -itching -renal stones -elevated uric acid (>6) -high ESR -elevated 24 hr uric acid level -Na urate cystals in aspirated joint fluid |
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how should one collect a uric acid level?
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24 hr urine
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RN care for gout
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avoid
-organ meat -shellfish -mussels, sardines, venison, herring -lentils, asparagus, spinach |
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incrase fluids to what and why?
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2500-3000
prevent stomes |
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encourage what?
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wt reduction
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what else should they avoid?
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ETOH
starvation diets |
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They should increase what?
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urine PH >6
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How can they increase PH?
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taking in milk and dairy
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The RN should help the Pt do what?
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-bed rest during attacks with joints immobilized
-monitor ROM -elevate affected limb -protect from contact with sheets -pain meds -skin care -educate |
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Primary meds for gout are?
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Allopurinol
Benemid Colchicine |
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Allopurinol does what?
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Prevents formation of uric acid
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Benemid does what?
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rids uric acid (ASA inactivates it)
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Colchicine does what?
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anti-inflammatory, not a pain med, but gives relief in 24-48 hrs
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Other things about pain meds and gout are..
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-NSAIDS help with pain manag.
-Colchicine & NSAIDS help -Benemid not for renal problems -intra-articular injections help -can use systemic corticosteroids if others fail |
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Gout can lead to what?
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Chronic inflammation may result in joint destruction and eventually to osteoarthritis
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