Energy Review

Front 1

nuclear energy

Back 1

energy in the nucleus or in the core of an atom

Front 2

nuclear energy equation

Back 2

E=mc squared e

Front 3

entropy

Back 3

a thermodynamic quantity representing the unavailability of a system's thermal energy

Front 4

nuclei

Back 4

the center of an atom made of protons and neutrons

Front 5

atom

Back 5

a source of nuclear energy

Front 6

elastic energy

Back 6

the potential mechanical energy stored in the configuration of a material

Front 7

elastic energy equation

Back 7

F=-kx

Front 8

conductors

Back 8

material that permit electrons to flow freely from particle to particle

Front 9

insulators

Back 9

materials that impede the free flow of electrons from atom to atom

Front 10

fossil fuels

Back 10

buried combustible geologic of organic material

Front 11

chemical change

Back 11

a change that results in a formation of a new chemical substance

Front 12

physical change

Back 12

rearranges molecules but does not change

Front 13

endothermic

Back 13

in which a system absorbs energy from it's surrounding

Front 14

exothermic reaction

Back 14

a chemical reaction that releases energy by light or heat

Front 15

thermal energy

Back 15

energy that comes from heat

Front 16

specific heat

Back 16

the amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of material 1 celsius

Front 17

thermal energy equation

Back 17

Q=mc t

Front 18

1st law of thermodynamics

Back 18

energy that can be changed from one from ot another

Front 19

2nd law of thermodynamics

Back 19

states that the entropy of any isolated system not in thermal equilibrum almost always increases

Front 20

heat

Back 20

energy that causes a difference in temperature

Front 21

conduction

Back 21

the process by which heat energy is transmitted through collisions between neighboring molecules

Front 22

convection

Back 22

heat transfer by mass motion of a fluid such as air or water

Front 23

radiation

Back 23

the emission of energy as electromagnetic wave or as a moving subatomic particles

Front 24

temperature

Back 24

is measured of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object

Front 25

electomagnetic waves

Back 25

are formed by the vibrations of electric and magnetic fields

Front 26

infared radiation

Back 26

transmits heat and thermal radiation

Front 27

microwaves

Back 27

have subgroups called bands,which allow waves to detect weather

Front 28

radio waves

Back 28

wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light

Front 29

ultra violet rays

Back 29

located on the spectrum between visible light

Front 30

gamma rays

Back 30

the smallest and most energetic of all the waves in the spectrum

Front 31

stratosphere

Back 31

layer of earth's atmosphere

Front 32

greenhouse gases

Back 32

gases that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation

Front 33

visible light rays

Back 33

all electromagnetism is light,but this is the only portion of it that we can see with the naked eye

Front 34

x-rays

Back 34

has very short wavelengths therefore a very high frequency

Front 35

infrared waves

Back 35

lies between visible and microwave parts of the electromagnetic spectrum

Front 36

the 8 types of electromagnetic waves

Back 36

microwaves,radio waves,infrared waves,reflected near-infrared waves,visible light waves,ultra-violet waves,x-rays,and gamma rays.

Front 37

mechanical waves

Back 37

a wave that is oscillation of matter and therefore transfers energy through a medium

Front 38

transverse waves

Back 38

waves that vibrate at right angles to the direction of it's propagation

Front 39

electromagnetic waves

Back 39

waves that contain electric and magnetic field

Front 40

wavelength

Back 40

the distance between one point on a wave and the nearest point on the wave

Front 41

frequency

Back 41

the number of wavelengths that passes a fixed point each second

Front 42

period

Back 42

the amount of time it takes one wavelength to pass a point

Front 43

refraction

Back 43

the bending of a wave caused by a change in it's speed as it moves from on medium to another

Front 44

amplitude

Back 44

is related to the energy that the waves carry

Front 45

diffraction

Back 45

when an object causes a wave to change direction and bend around it

Front 46

interference

Back 46

when two or more waves overlap each other and combine to form a new wave

Front 47

doppler effect

Back 47

the change in wave frequency due to a moving wave source

Front 48

sonar

Back 48

a system that uses the reflection of under water sound waves to detect objects

Front 49

compressional waves

Back 49

also called longitudinal waves because they produce compression and rarefaction

Front 50

reflection

Back 50

occurs when a wave strikes an object and bounces off it