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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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positive ions
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cations
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negative ions
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anions
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Group 1 Metals
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1+ cations
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Group 2 Metals
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2+ cations
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Group 16
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2- Anions
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Group 17
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1- anions
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d-block elementes
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form two ions of different charges
(2+,3+, rarely 1+ and 4+) |
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Naming Monoatomic Ions
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(cation) - just elements name
(anion)- Element name +ide |
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(formula) Binary Ionic Compounds- positive and negative charges must be equal
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Write the symbols for the ions side by side
Cross over the charges by using the absolute value of each ions charge as the subscript of the other ion change check the subscrips and divide them by there largest common factor to give the smallest p ossibly whole number ratio of ions write formula |
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naming) Binary Ionic Compounds-
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cation given first
then name of anion + ide |
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Stock system
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roman numerals indicate an ions charge in parenthesis and placed after the metal name
+ide |
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oxyanions
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polyatomic ions that contain oxygen
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name of the ion with the grater number of oxygen atoms ends in
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-ate
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the name of the ion with the smaller number of atoms ends in
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-ite
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an anion that has one fewer oxygen atoms than the -ite anion has prefix
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hypo
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an anion with one more oxygen atoms before the -ate anion has prefix
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per
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compounds with polyatomic ions
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cation given first
followed by name of anion with proper prefix/suffix |
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molecular compounds are composed of individual covalent bonded units
(prefix system nomenclature with binary molectular compounds) |
The element that has the smaller group number is usually given first. if both elements are in the same group, the element whose period number is greater is given first. the element is given a prefix only if it contributes more than one molecule
the second element is named by combining a prefix indicatin the number of atoms, the root of the name of the element, and the ending ide. (ide indicated that a compound contains only two elements the o or a at the end of a prefix begins with another vowel. (mono-oxide = monoxide) |
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binary acid
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consist of two elements usually hydrogen and on of the halogens
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oxyacids
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acids that contain hydrogen oxygen and a third element (usually nonmetal)
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an ioninc compound composed of a cation and the anion from an acid is
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a salt
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in order to indicate the general distrubution of electrons among the bonded atoms in a molecular compound or polyatomic ion ________ are assigned to the atoms composing the compound
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oxidation numbers, oxidation sates
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formula mass
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the sum of the average atomic masses of all atoms represented in its formula
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molar mass of a substance is equal to the mass in grams of one mole or approximately 6.022x10 23 particles of the substance
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the molar mass
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a compounds molar mass is numerically equal to its
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formula mass
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convert amount of a compound in moles to a mass in grams multiply the amount in moles by the molar mass
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amount in molesXmolar mass (g/mol) = mass in grams
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mass in gramsX1/molar mass (g/mol) = amount in mols
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converting mass of a compound in grams to an amount in moles
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percentage composition
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mass of element in sample of compound/ mass of sample of compound X (100%) = % element in compound
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