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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_______ revelation is bound by time and space
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particular
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Any disclosure of God's person or will historically given to a particular person or group of persons
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particular revelation
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Indiscriminately given to all men and thus universal in character
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creational (or general) revelation
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Theophanies
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visible manifestations of the presence of God
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Ways in which God has revealed himself throughout iblical history
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Theophanies
Visions, trances and dreams Urim and Thummim Lots Miracles Angelic messengers Audible speech Prophetic oracle Events |
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God's particular revelation is ___________ and ___________
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historical and progressive
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Types of Revelation
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1. Historical revelation
2. Revelation through inspired speech 3. The revelation of Christ 4. Scripture 5. Word and Spirit |
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____________ sums up and makes sense of all Revelation
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The Revelation of Christ
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Calvin's two-fold use of the notion of accommodation
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Accommodation to our creatureliness; accommodation to our sinful corruption
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Bavink quote
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The essence of the Christian religion is this: that the creation of the Father, devestated by Sin, is restored in the death of the Son of God, and recreated by the Holy Spirit into the kingdom of God.
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Calvin's paraphrase of Romans 1 concerned to establish two things
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1. There is no way for fallen man to offer an excuse before God.
2. There is no way for fallen man to know God apart from Scripture |
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The primacy of the Holy Spirit
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1. The H.S. witnesses to Christ
2. The same Spirit guides God's people into all truth 3. The same Spirit convicts the world of sin. |
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The marks of Scripture are
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Necessity
Infallibility Sufficiency Perpiscuity Authority/Finality |
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Describe "necessity" as a mark of scripture
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The gospel, as it is presented in scripture, is necessary for redemption
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Describe "sufficiency" as a mark of scripture
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The OT and NT contain everything necessary to lead us to Christ and guide us in our response to Him
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Describe "perspicuity" as a mark of scripture
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That which is necessary for salvation is available in Scripture by due use of ordinary means and as such it is available to all.
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Describe "infallibility" as a mark of scripture
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Scripture is both truthful and faithful to achieve its purpose.
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Describe "authority" as a mark of scripture
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Scripture is to be heard/believed because of God's essential character.
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Sola Scriptura
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Only the Word coming to us as Scripture can open us up to the fullness of God's revelation
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Scripture as the norm of norms
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Scripture is the one standard by which our faith must be analyzed. Not the ONLY norm, but the norm above all else.
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The 3-fold Word is
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Creation, Scripture, Christ
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What is the dynamic relation between general revelation and Scripture?
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1. Both are authoritative and equally true
2. Creation and Scripture inform one another 3. A matter of interpretation We can't understand scripture's revelational word apart from scripture! |
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Theopneustos
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God-breathed. Expired rather than inspired.
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The doctrine of inspiration says
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a. God is the source of Scripture
b. Scripture is a verbal extension of Gods character |
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Plenary inspiration
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ALL of scripture, not just part, is inspired
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Verbal inspiration
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The very words of scripture, not just the ideas, are inspired.
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Cessationism
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The gift of prophecy became complete with the giving of the canon
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Continualism
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Prophecy continues with new revelations of the Spirit
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The taxonomy of inerrancy positions
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Absolute Inerrancy
Full Inerrancy Limited Inerrancy Inerrancy of Purpose Inspired (but not inerrant) Non-Propositional |
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Definition of Inerrancy
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Exempt from error, free from mistake, infalliable
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View of Inerrancy: Absolute Inerrancy
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The Bible is fully and exacty true in all areas: theological, historical, and scientific
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View of Inerrancy: Full Inerrancy
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The Bible is phenomenological (seen from human point of view) in terms of science and history
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View of Inerrancy: Limited Inerrancy
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Scientific and Historic references in Bible were subject to the limitations of the time. It may on these issues be falliable.
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View of Inerrancy: Inerrancy of Purpose
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The Bible faithfully accomplishes its purpose but is not about truths and facts
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View of Inerrancy: Inspired
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The bible is inspired but not inerrant. It has all the shortcomings of human nature. There may therefore even be doctrinal errors.
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View of Inerrancy: Non-propisitional
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Revelation is by acts/deeds, not words/propositions.
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Inspiration is related to _______, Inerrancy is related to _________,
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Inspiration is related to authority, Inerrancy is related to truthfulness,
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Sola Scriptura vs. Catholic view
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Catholic: church is necessary, tradition is sufficient (vs. Scripture/Scripture)
Clarity is dependent upon the teaching of the Church (vs. the Spirit) and the Church (vs. scripture) is the ultimate authority |
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The term "innerancy" first began to be used by
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Warfield and Hodge, around the turn of the century. However, the idea is ancient and is found in Augustine in the early 5th century as he is speaking of the full truthfulness and reliability of Scripture.
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Inerrancy is a reaction to
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the Higher Critical Method, which presupposes Rene Descartes' principle of Critical Doubt (all assertions must be doubted until proven true by reason.)
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Mentioned the idea of innerrancy in the early 5th century
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Augustine's letter to Jerome
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If the Bible were capable of error, it would then be subject to
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correction by some other authority
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The traditional exigetical task has always been comprised of these three actions:
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Determine the text
Exegete the text Apply the text |
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If we don't believe in innerancy, this step must be added to the exigetical task:
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Adjudicate the truthfulness of the text
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What holds Scripture together making it a coherent, unified revelation? (Use Bavinck quote)
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The essence of the Christian religion consists in this, that the creation of the Father, devastated by sin, is restored in the death of the Son of God, and re-created by the Holy spirit into the kingdom of God. (Herman Bavink)
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What hold's Scripture together making it a coherent, unified revelation? (Use Calvin quote)
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The Bible is the story of 'God's works in our world on our behalf.' (John Calvin)
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The fundemental elements of story:
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Introduction
Conflict Resolution Conclusion |
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The biblical story line:
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Creation
Fall Redemption Consummation |
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Calvin's 2 orders
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The order of creation
The order of sin and redemption |
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Structure is
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What God has made, God's intention for His creation.
The thing itself. |
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Direction is
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The response character of what God has made.
Both distortion and perversion, and redemption. The use or misuse of the thing. |
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_________ does not belong to the structure of things
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Sin
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Sin attaches to ____________ and misdirects it.
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structure
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The world, as God's creation, remains __________.
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good
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As imago dei man is
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the representative head over the earthly creation
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Sin results in
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man's alienation from God
man's alienation from man man's alienation from creation |
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Generally, the biblical words for grace mean simply
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favor
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In the NT the word __________ takes on a decidedly redemptive meaning, thus referring to the divinely initiated and effected solution to the problem of sin.
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doxa
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The goal of grace is
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the removal of sin and the restoration of creation
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The purpose of redemption
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is not first of all to fit us for a life in heaven, rather it is firstly to restore us to a proper obedience and for a life of service in the world.
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Shalom is connected to the OT idea of
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Redemption.
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Shalom denotes
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health and prosperity.
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Redemption means
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to buy back or free
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Reconciliation means
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a return to relationship after alienation or estrangement
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Renewal means
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to be restored
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Salvation means
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a returning to health or security after a time of sickness or danger
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Regeneration means
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to be born again; to return to life or be renewed
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The biblical language of redemption includes the ideas of
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Shalom, redemption, reconciliation, renewal, salvation, regeneration
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The biblical God is not one who rescues souls from a damned world, He is
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the God who fixes/restores
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A biblical understanding of redemption
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doesn't narrow the scope of Grace to a purely personal one
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The goal of redemption is:
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the recreation of the cosmos into the kingdom of God (consummation)
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__________ and ___________ are crucial for our understanding of the meaning of redemption
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The incarnation and the resurrection
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Two false conclusions about redemption:
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1)The pietistic reduction of redemption to man
2)The universalist broadening to a redemption of all men. |
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Consummation is
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The goal of redemption: The recreation of the cosmos into the kingdom of God
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Eisogesis
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the meaning we read into the biblical text
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Exegisis
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the meaning we read from the biblical text
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The hermeneutical circle is
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the relation between how we understand the parts and the whole, using what we know about the whole to interpret the parts, and vice versa
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Reader presuppositions for interpretation
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Reading is an act of interpretation
Reading is a dynamic activity |
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Good questions to ask of a text
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What genre?
What is the author's intention? What is the structure of the discussion? How should the reader respond? (Genre, Intention, Structure, Response) |
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Presupositions about reading scripture. The Bible
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1.is authoratative/reliable
2.has a particular content 3.is a unified Word 4.is a written revelation 5.is read in translation 6.is a historical revelation 7.is a revelation which is historically removed from us 8.is a progressive revelation 9.is a redemptive revelation 10.proclaims through a number of literary genres 11.is God's Word to us |
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The Bible has particular content in these senses:
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a. The Bible is revelation
b. The author means to communicate something |
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Two kinds of questions to help us arrive at the author's meaning:
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What does he intend to say? (authorial intention)
How would the original audience have understood the text? |
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What is the objective control of exegisis?
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authorial intention
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The primary maxim of exegesis
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A text cannot mean something contrary to what the author intended it to mean.
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A text must mean these two things:
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What the author intended it to mean and what the original audience would have understood it to mean.
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The analogy of faith (or the analogy of scripture)
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One must respect the whole of Scripture when handling any part of it. The exegesis of any passage must be tested by the teaching of the rest of Scripture. Scripture interprets Scripture.
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Sensus literalis
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The natural meaning of the text
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Because the Bible is written revelation, we must pay attention to
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a. particulararities of language
b. context c. sensus literalis d. Reformatin criticism of allegorical interpretation e. Grammatical interpretation f. don't absolutize grammar |
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The commitment to working with the Biblical text in the original languages came from
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the time of the Reformation
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All translations are
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Interpretations
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Translation strategies
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Formal equivalence
Paraphrase Dynamic equivalence |
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The hermeneutical question:
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What happened? What did God do?
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Because the Bible is written revelation, we must consider
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a. particulararities of language
b. context c. sensus literalis d. Reformation criticism of allegorical interpretation e. Grammatical interpretation f. don't absolutize grammar |
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The commitment to working with the Biblical text in the original languages came from
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the time of the Reformation
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All translations are
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Interpretations
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Translation strategies
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Formal equivalence
Paraphrase Dynamic equivalence |
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The hermeneutical question:
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What happened? What did God do?
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Distantiation
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The inherent distance between the writer of the text and ourselves.
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Literalism is
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usually a vice rather than a virture, for it imposes an extra-biblical stricture upon the text.
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The biblical story moves from implicit to explicit, anticipation to realization, promise to fulfillment.
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The Bible is progressive revelation.
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____________ is an internal interpretive principle.
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Typology
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The Bible has a ___________ and __________ focus.
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theocentric
redemptive |
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Because the Bible is God's Word to us, we should ask:
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WHAT is God's Word for us?
How should we respond to this text? |
