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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the point of glycolysis?
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energy creation and the breakdown of glucose
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What is the overall equation for glycolysis
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glucose + 2ADP + 2NAD+ +2Pi
yields 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2 NADH + 2H2O |
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What is the first stage of glycolyis called and which steps does it include?
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the hexose stage
steps 1-6 |
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hexokinase, glucokinase
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glucose to glucose-6-phosphate
step 1 |
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glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
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glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate
step 2 |
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phosphofructokinase-1
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fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
step 3 |
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aldolase
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fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to
1. dihydroxyacetone phosphate 2. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate step 4 |
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triose phosphate isomerase
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dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
step 5 |
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glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
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glyceraldehyd-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
yields NADH step 6 |
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phosphoglycerate kinase
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1,3-bisphosphogylcerate to 3-phosphoglycerate
yields ATP by substrate level phosphorylation step 7 |
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phosphglycerate mutase
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3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate
step 8 |
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enolase
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2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate
loss of water step 9 |
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pyruvate kinase
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phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate
yields ATP by substrate level phosphorylation step 10 |
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How many pyruvates are yielded from one glucose molecule?
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2
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What is substrate level phosphorylation?
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a phospho group is added to ADP directly from an enzymatic substrate
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bisphosphglycerate mutase
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1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate
occurs in RBC to help inhibit O2 loading and therefore, effect the release of oxygen in peripheral tissue |
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2,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase
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2,3-bisphosphogylcerate to 3-phosphoglycerate
occurs in RBC to reintroduce 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate to glycolysis...this bypass route means the loss of ATP production from any molecules that follow this bypass |
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How does arsenic poisoning effect glycolysis?
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The arsenate group replaces the phospho group and leads to reduced NADH output for use in oxidative phosphorylation
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