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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Description |
Vasodilator |
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Class |
Cardiac, vascular |
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Indications |
Chest pain associated with ACS & Angina pectoris Pulmonary Oedema and congestive heart failure Hypertension crisis and autonomic dysreflexia (Hyperreflexia) |
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Contraindications |
Volume depletion Hypersensitivity Hypotension (SBP <90 mm Hg or ≥30 mm Hg below baseline) Head injury Extreme bradycardia (HR <50 beats/min) Extreme tachycardia (HR >100 beats/min) in the absence of heart failure Right ventricular infarction Cerebral hemorrhage Recent use of tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil (Levitra), or sildenafil (Viagra)Aortic stenosis |
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Mechanism of action |
Rapidly converted to nitric oxide; triggers smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation resulting in increased cardiac muscle perfusion, coronary blood flow, and decreased myocardial workload and oxygen demand |
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Precautions |
Pregnancy safety: Category C Nitroglycerin is associated with increased susceptibility to hypotension in the elderly. Nitroglycerin decomposes when exposed to light or heat. Nitroglycerin must be kept in airtight containers. Active ingredient of nitroglycerin will “sting” when administered sublingually. Use with extreme caution in patients with inferior acute myocardial infarction with possible right ventricular involvement. Administer IV nitroglycerin by infusion pump to ensure precise flow rate. PVC tubing may absorb up to 80% of available drug; non-PVC tubing should be used. |
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Adverse effects |
Transient headache Reflex tachycardia Hypotension Rash, dry mouth, Nausea and vomiting Postural syncope Diaphoresis Flushing |
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Drug-drug interactions |
Other vasodilators may have additive hypotensive effects. Do not mix with other drugs. |
