Glossary B

Front 1

bronchi

Back 1

tubes from the trachea into the lungs

Front 2

breach of duty

Back 2

an action or inaction that violates the standard of care

Front 3

branch

Back 3

functional level w/i the Incident Management System based upon primary roles and geographic locatons:
"sector"

Front 4

brainstem

Back 4

part of the brain connecting the cerebral hemispheres w/the spinal cord:
mesencephalon (midbrain)
the pons
medulla oblongata

Front 5

brain ischemia

Back 5

injury to brain tissues caused by an inadequate supply of O2 adn nutrients

Front 6

brain abscess

Back 6

a collection of puss localized in an area of the brain

Front 7

bradypnea

Back 7

slow respiration

Front 8

Babinski response

Back 8

big toe dorsiflexes and the others fan out when sole is stimulated

Front 9

bacteria

Back 9

single-cell organisms w/a cell membrane and cytoplasm but no organized nucleus

Front 10

bacterial tracheitis

Back 10

bacterial infection of the airway, subglottic region; in children, most likely to appear after episodes of croup

Front 11

bactericidal

Back 11

capable of killing bacteria

Front 12

bacteriostatic

Back 12

capable of inhibiting growth of bacteria or reproduction

Front 13

BVM

Back 13

ventilation device consisting of a self-inflating bag w/2, one-way valves and a transparent plastic face mask

Front 14

ballistics

Back 14

the study of projectile motion and its interactions w/the gun, the air, and the objects it contacts

Front 15

baroreceptor

Back 15

sensory nerve ending, found in the walls of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch, and carotid sinus, that is stimulated by changes in pressure.

Front 16

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Back 16

rate at which the body consumes energy just to maintain stability; the basic metabolic rate of anawake, relaxed person 12 to 14 hours after eating and at a comfortable temperature;
measured by the rate of O2 consumption

Front 17

BLS

Back 17

basic life saving procedures such as artificial ventilation and CPR

Front 18

Basophil

Back 18

type of white blood cell that participates in allergic responses

Front 19

battery

Back 19

the unlawful touching of another individual w/o his consent

Front 20

Battle's sign

Back 20

black/blue discoloration over the mastoid process

Front 21

behavior

Back 21

a person's obvservable conduct and activity

Front 22

behavioral emergency

Back 22

situation in which a pt.'s behavior becomes so unusual that it alarms the pt. or another person and requires intervention

Front 23

Bell's palsy

Back 23

one-sided facial paralysis w/an unknown cause;
inability to close the eye
pain
tearing of the eyes
drooling
hypersensitivity to sound
impairment of taste

Front 24

bend fracture

Back 24

fracture characterized by angulation and deformity in the bone w/o an obvious break

Front 25

benign prostatic hypertrophy

Back 25

a non cancerous enlargement of the prostate associated w/aging

Front 26

bereavement

Back 26

death of a loved one

Front 27

beta radiation

Back 27

medium-strength radiation that is stopped w/light clothing or the uppermost layers of skin

Front 28

bilateral peri-orbital ecchymosis

Back 28

black/blue discoloration of the area surrounding the eyes, usually in connection w/basilar skull fracture;
Raccoon Eyes

Front 29

bioassay

Back 29

test to ascertain a drug's availability in a biological model

Front 30

bioavailability

Back 30

amount of a drug that is still active after it reaches its target tissue

Front 31

bioequivalence

Back 31

relative therapeutic effectiveness of chemically equivalent drugs

Front 32

bradycardia

Back 32

a slow heart rate;
less than 60 beats per minute

Front 33

Bowman's capsule

Back 33

the hollow, cup-shaped first port of the nephron tubule

Front 34

bowel obstruction

Back 34

blockage of the hollow space w/i the intestines

Front 35

borborygmi

Back 35

loud prolonged gurgling bowel sounds indicating hyperperistalsis

Front 36

bonding

Back 36

the formation of a child personal relationship especially through frequent or constant association;
EX: as b/w mother and child

Front 37

bolus

Back 37

concentrated mass of medication

Front 38

Bohr Effect

Back 38

decrease pCO2 (acidity) = increased O2 which binds to hemoglobin;
this in turn causes hemoglobin to give up more O2

Front 39

body surface area (BSA)

Back 39

amount of a pt.'s body affected by a burn

Front 40

BSI

Back 40

a strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious

Front 41

body language

Back 41

nonverbal communication

Front 42

body armor

Back 42

bullet proof vest:
protects with tightly woven fibers against bullets, knives and blunt trauma

Front 43

BLS

Back 43

basic life support

Front 44

blunt trauma

Back 44

injury caused by the collision of an object w/the body in which the object does not enter the body

Front 45

blood-brain barrier

Back 45

tight junctions of the capillary endothelial cells in the CNS vasculature through which only non-protein-bound, highly lipid-soluble drugs can pass

Front 46

bloodborne

Back 46

transmitted by contact w/blood or body fluids

Front 47

blood tubing

Back 47

IV administration tubing that contains a filter to prevent clots or other debris from entering the pt.

Front 48

blood tube

Back 48

glass container with color-coded, self -healing rubber top

Front 49

blood spatter evidence

Back 49

the pattern that blood forms when it is spattered or dropped at the scene of a crime

Front 50

BP

Back 50

force of blood against artery walls as the heart contracts and relaxes

Front 51

blepharospasm

Back 51

twitching of the eyelids

Front 52

blast wind

Back 52

the air movement caused as the heated and pressurized products of an explosion move outward

Front 53

birth injury

Back 53

avoidable and unavoidable mechanical and anoxic trauma incurred by the newborn during labor and delivery

Front 54

bipolar limb leads

Back 54

electrocardiogram leads applied to the arms and legs that contain two electrodes of opposite polarity

Front 55

bipolar disorder

Back 55

condition characterized by one or more manic episodes, w/or w/o periods of depression

Front 56

BiPAP

Back 56

Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure

Front 57

B lymphocytes

Back 57

white blood cells that, in response to the presence of an antigen, produce antibodies that attack the antigen, develop a memory for the antigen, and confer lon-term immunity to the antigen

Front 58

bioethics

Back 58

the application of ethics to the life sciences

Front 59

biologic half-life

Back 59

time the body takes to clear one half of a drug

Front 60

biological/organic

Back 60

related to disease processes or structural changes

Front 61

biotransformation

Back 61

changing a substance in the body from chemical to another; in the case of Hazmat the body attempts to create less toxic materials

Front 62

bursitis

Back 62

acute or chronic inflammation of the small synovial sacs

Front 63

bursa

Back 63

sac containing synovial fluid that cushions adjacent structures

Front 64

burnout

Back 64

occurs when coping mechanisms no longer buffer job stressors, which can compromise personal health and well-being

Front 65

burette chamber

Back 65

calibrated chamber of Berutrol IV admin. tubing that enables precise measurement and delivery of fluids and medicated solutions

Front 66

bundle of Kent

Back 66

an accessory AV conduction pathway that is thought to be responsible for the ECG findings of pre-excitation syndrome

Front 67

bundle branch block

Back 67

a kind of interventricular heart block in which conduction through either the right or left bundle branches is blocked or delayed

Front 68

bulimia nervosa

Back 68

recurrent episodes of binge eating

Front 69

buffer

Back 69

a substance that tends to preserve or restore a normal acid-base balance by increasing or decreasing the concentration of H+ ions

Front 70

buckle fractures

Back 70

fx. characterized by a raised or bulging projection at the fx site

Front 71

buccal

Back 71

b/w the cheek and gums

Front 72

bubble sheet

Back 72

scannible run sheet on which boxes or "bubbles" are filled in to record info.

Front 73

bruit

Back 73

sound of turbulent blood flow around a partial obstruction

Front 74

Brudzinkis's sign

Back 74

physical exam finding in which flexion of the neck causes flexion fo the hips and knees

Front 75

Brown-Sequard's syndrome

Back 75

condition caused by partial cutting of one side of the spinal cord resulting in sensory and motor loss to that side of the body

Front 76

Broselow tape

Back 76

a measuring tape for infants that provides important info. regarding airway equipment and meds based on pt.'s length

Front 77

bronchophony

Back 77

abnormal clarity of pt.'s transmitted voice sounds

Front 78

bronchiolitis

Back 78

viral infection of the medium-sized airways, occurring most frequently during the first year of life

Front 79

bronchiectasis

Back 79

chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi, w/a secondary infection typically involving the lower portion of the lung