Glossary

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Hertz

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It's a frequency unit from the international measuring system that equals the repetition of a phenomenon whose period is a second.

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Frequency

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It's the number of cycles that go through a same point during a second.

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Echolocation

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It's the location of an object through the reflection of sound waves.

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Infrasound

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It's a sound whose vibration frequency is lower than the one which can be perceived by the human ear.

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Ultrasound

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It's the sound whose frequency of vibrations is superior to the highest limit perceived by the human ear.

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Sound

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It's the sensation produced in the hearing organ by the vibrational movement of the bod that is transmitted through an elastic means.

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Elasticity

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It's the characteristic that a material has to recover its extension and shape when a force that deformed it stops being put on it.

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Acoustics

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It's a branch of physics that studies the sound production, transmission, storing, perception and reproduction.

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Transducer

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It's the equipment that transforms a type of energy into another one and may work as a recipient or as a generator.

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Tuning Fork

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It's a voice and instrument regulator that consists of a steel sheet folded as a hook with a foot, and when it is hit, it presents 435 vibration per second.

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Compression

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It's the effort that an object is subject to by the action of two opposing forces that tend to diminish its volume.

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Rarefaction

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It refers to making a gaseous body less dense.

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Cycle

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It's the complete sequence of a periodic vibration. It goes from rarefaction to compression.

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Period

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It's the period of time that happens in a cycle.

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Sound Wave Frequency

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It's measured in Hertz (Hz). Is the number of cycles that go through a same point during a second.

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Wavelenght

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It's the distance that the sound goes over in a complete cycle of change in pressure and it is the physical measure of a cycle’s length.

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Amplitude

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It's the distance between a balance point and the highest wave point.

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Tone

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It's the subjective perception of frequency. There are high tones and low tones. Measured in Hz.

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Decibel

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It's the unit used to measure the intensity of a sound.

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Absorption

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It's the process in which sound is absorbed by an object when crashing against it.

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Reflection

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It's the quantity of acoustic energy that will change direction when it crashes against the edge of an object.

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Refraction

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It's the change in direction of the sound wave due to a variation of the means of scattering.

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Bitrate

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It is the transmission rate. It refers to the number of bits that is transmitted in a unit of time, usually kilobits per second.

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Codecs

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Means coder-decoder. It's software that consists on an algorithm to compress and decompress video in real time. Its use doesn’t iinterfere with the playing speed. There are also codecs for audio files.

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Wrappers

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It's a metafile format whose specification describes how different elements of data and metadata coexist in a computer file.

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WAV

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It's a Microsoft/IBM audio file container format. It's the main format used on Windows systems for storing uncompressed, lossless audio.

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AIFF

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Audio Interchange File Format is an audio file format standard used for storing sound data electronically.

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CDA

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It's a 44 byte virtual file generated by Microsoft Windows for each audio track on a standard format audio CD as defined by the Table of Contents

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MP3

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It's a size-compressed, lossy audio format. This means that it uses less disk space to store audio than uncompressed formats like WAV, but loses some of the original sound quality in doing so.

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AAC

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It's an audio coding standard for lossy digital audio compression. Designed to be the successor of the MP3 format.

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MIDI

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It's a compact, notes-based file format widely used for keyboard instruments. It stores how to play the music which MIDI keys are pressed, and their strength and duration.

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Audacity

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It's a free, very capable Audio Editor software application for Windows, Macintosh and Linux/Unix systems.

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Garage Band

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It's a software application for OS X and iOS that allows users to create music or podcasts.

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Monaural Sound

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It's a single channel or track of sound created by one speaker and is also known as Monophonic sound or High-Fidelity sound.

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Stereophonic Sound

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It's two separate audio channels or tracks of sound reproduced by two speakers. Stereo sound provides a sense of directionality because different sounds can be heard from two directions.

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Sorround Sound

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It's created by at least four and up to seven independent audio channels and speakers placed in front of and behind the listener.

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Streaming

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It's the reproduction of audio and video files with no need to be downloaded to a device. It is played through fragments sent sequentially through a net, usually, the Internet.