Glossary 3

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Dust D

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A finely ground, dry pesticide formulation containing a small amount of active ingredient and a large amount of inert carrier such as clay or talc.

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Economic Injury Level

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The pest population density that causes losses equal to cost of control.

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Economic Threshold

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The pest population density (e.g. number of pests per unit in area) at which control measures are needed to prevent the pest from causing economic injury.

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Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC)

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A pesticide formulation produced by mixing an active ingredient and an emulsifying agent in a petroleum solvent. When added to water, a milky emulsion is usually formed.

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Emulsifying Agent (Emulsifier)

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A chemical that aids in the suspension of one liquid in another that normally would not mix together.

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Emulsion

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A mixture of two liquids that are not soluble in each another. One is suspended as very small droplets in the other with the aid of an emulsifying agent. Example: emulsifiable concentrate in water.

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Enclosed CAB

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Tractor cab, cockpit, or vehicle cab that surrounds the occupant(s) and may help prevent exposure to pesticides as long as all door90-

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Endangered Species

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Plant or animal species whose population has been reduced to near extinctions.

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Environment

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All the features that surround and affect an organism or group of organisms, including the air, soil, water, and other living things. For people and many pests, it includes indoor areas as well as outdoor.

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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

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The federal agency responsible for implementing pesticide rules and regulations and registering pesticides.

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EPA Establishment Number

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A number assigned to each pesticide production facility by the EPA.

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Eradicant

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A systemic fungicide that controls existing infections.

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Eradication

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A pest management strategy that attempts to eliminate all members of a pest population from defined area.

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Exposure

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Unwanted contact with pesticides or pesticide residues by people or other organisms.

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Extender

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Adjuvant that increases retention of pesticide on the treated surface by slowing evaporation and inhibiting photodegradation.

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Fifra

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The federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, the primary federal pesticide law.

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Flowable (F or L)

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A pesticide formulation in which very finely ground soil particles, composed of both active and inert ingredients, are suspended in a liquid carrier.

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Foaming Agent

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An adjuvant designed to reduce pesticide drift by producing a thick foam.

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Fog Treatment

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The application of a pesticide as a fine mist or fog.

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Foliar

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Refers to pesticide applications to the leaves of plants.

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Food Chain

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Sequence of species within an ecological community, each member of which serves as a food source for the species next higher in the chain.

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Formulation

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The pesticide product as purchased, containing one or more active ingredients combines with carriers, additives, and other inert ingredients for safety and ease of application.

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Freshening Interval

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The minimum number of days that must pass between the application of a pesticide to a nonlactating dairy animal and when the animal begins to produce milk.

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Fumigant

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A pesticide that forms gases or vapors toxic to plants, animals, and microorganisms.

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Fungi

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(Singular:Fungus) Non-Chlorophyll-bearing, plant-like organisms, some of which cause diseases in plants, animals, and humans or destroy wood and fiber products.

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Fungicide

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A chemical used to control fungi.

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General-Use Pesticide

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A pesticide that can be purchased and used by the general public.

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Germination

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The sprouting of a seed or the production of a germ tube (mycelium) from a fungus spore.

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GPA

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Gallon per acre.

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Granule (G)

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A dry pesticide formulation in which the active ingredient is mixed with or coated onto an inert carrier to form a ready-to-use, low-concentrate particle that does not normally present a drift hazard.

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Grasses

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Herbaceous plants with narrow, bladelike leaves with parallel veins and one cotyledon (seed leaf).

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Grazing Restriction

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The minimum number of days that must pass after the application of a pesticide to forage or pasture before livestock can graze on the treated foliage.

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Groundwater

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Water in aquifers beneath the soil surface from which well water is obtained or surface springs are formed.

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Growth Regulator

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A chemical that alters the growth processes of a plant or animal.

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Habitat

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The place where plants or animals live, feed, and reproduce.

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Hazardous Material

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A chemical designated by the federal Department of Transportation (DOT) as posing a significant risk to people and property if they are spilled during transport.

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Hazardous Waste

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A material listed under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) as posing substantial risks to human health and the environment when disposed of improperly.

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Heat Illness

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A disorder that occurs when the body subjected to more heat than it can cope with.

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Heat Stress

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The buildup of heat in the body generated by your muscle during work and by warm or hot work environment.

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Herbaceous Plants

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Plants that do not develop woody tissues and whose topgrowth dies back each year.

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Herbicide

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A pesticide used to control weeds.

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Hormone

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A chemical which regulates the development of a plant or animal.

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Host

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A plant or animal on or in which a pest lives and feeds.

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Host Resistance

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The ability of a host plant or animal to resist attack by pests or to be able to tolerate the damage caused by pests.

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Hydraulic Sprayer

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A type of pesticide application equipment that uses water under pressure to deliver the pesticide to the target site.

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Hydrolysis

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Breakdown of a chemical in the presence of water.

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Illegal Residue

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A quantity of pesticide remaining on or in the crop/animal at harvest/slaughter that is either above the set tolerance or is not allowed to be used on the crop/animal.

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Incompatible

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Two or more materials that cannot be effectively mixed or used together.

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Inert Ingredients

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Inactive materials in a pesticide formulation that make the product usable but do not posses pesticide activity, although some inert ingredients may be toxic or hazardous to humans.

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Ingredient Statement

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The portion of the label on a pesticide container that give the name and amount of each active ingredients and the total amount of inert ingredients in the formulation.