Final Glossary

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Avant-Garde

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"Advanced guard"; Artist saw themselves in advance of a middle class society, mentioned in connection with art in 1825 France, with utopian idea of transforming the modern indrustialized society into an ideal state (that needed avant-garde artists, scientist, and intellectuals).

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Odalisque

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Exoticized version of a female slave or concubine in a sultan's harem.

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Orientalism

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Facination with Middle E as stern cultures in Europe beginning Napoleon's 1798 invasion of Egypt. Random looting of objects from the country for the Louvre in Paris, which he opened in 1804. Described as tge colonial gaze which the colonizer gazes upon colorized Orient as something to possess.

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Realism

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Less a style than a commitment to paint in the modern world, without turning away from the brutal truths of life for many people.

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Romanticism

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Art with emphasis on emotional expressiveness and unique experiences and taste of the individual. Explored dramatic subjects matter taken from literature, current events, natural world, or artist's imagination, with the goal of stimulating viewer's sentiments and feelings. Celebrates the individual an the subjective.

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Sublime

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Philosophical concept that defines something that strikes awe and terror in the heart of the viewer.

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Impressionisn

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French paintings of the upper middle clads at leisure beginning around 1870 using fast, open brushstrokes and an unfinished looj, aiming to render the fleeting moment in paint.

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Japonisme

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French obsession with Japan that reachef its height in 1872, after agreements that allowed the import of Japanese goods by 1855. In art, flattenef perspective and asymmetry; flat bold shapes of unmodulated color. French artist mistaken notion of Japanese prints as "primitive" art.

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Pointillism

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Distinctive, short, multi-directional strokes (dots) of pure color, merging viewers eye to create impression of other colors. Up close create retinal vibrations that enliven painting and create almost abstract arrangement of color and shape.

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Analytic Cubism

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Early phase of Cuba son developed by Picasso & Braque, in which form is analyzed from every possible vantage point to combine the various views of a pictorial whole.

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Dada

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An art movement, prompted by the horror of WWI that embraced anarchy, the irrational, in the intuitive, with a disdain for convention, often enlivened by humor.

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Der Blaue Reiter

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"The Blue Rider", German expressionist art movement founded by Kandisky.

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De Stil

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"The Style", founded by Mondrian, promoting utopian ideals and developing a simplified geometric style.

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Die Brucke

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"The Bridge", German expressionist art movement founded by Kirchner, that thought of itself as the bridge between the old age and the new.

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Expressionism

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Art that is the result of the artist's unique inner or personal vision with a emotional dimension.

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Fauvism

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Led by Matisse, color for the Fauves became the formal element most responsible for pictoral coherence and primary conveyor of meaning.

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Futurism

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Talion art movement that celebrated the speed ans dynamism of modern technology, and championed war as a cleansing agent

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Passage

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The interpenetration and bleeding together of faceted planes in Analytic Cubism.

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Primitism

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Tendency of the Western artist to emulate motifs or techniques associated with the so-called "primitive" cultures, believing that non-Western and pre-industrial Europe in North America.

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Suprematism

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Founded by Malevich, The art was to convey his believe that the supreme reality in the world is pure feeling, which attached to no object and call for a new, non-objective form in art in shapes not related to objects in the visible world.

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Surrealism

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Successor to Dada, An art movement that incorporated the exploration of ways to express in art the world of dreams and the unconscious, in recognizable scenes transformed into a dream or nightmare image.

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Thosophy

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A metaphysical formulation the combined elements of Eastern religions (Buddism & Hinduism) This mysticism and the pursuit of spiritual knowledge. Adherents were Malevich, Kandinsky, and Mondrian.