Glomerular Pathology

Front 1

Acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis:
-Mechanism

Back 1

Type III Hypersensitivity
H/o recent Strep infection (impetigo, cellulitis, pharyngitis)

Front 2

Acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis:
-Light microscopy

Back 2

Glomeruli enlarged and hypercellular
Neutrophils
"Lumpy Bumpy"

Front 3

Acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis:
-Electron Microscopy

Back 3

Subepithelial humps

Front 4

Acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis:
-symptoms
-Tx

Back 4

Nephritic: Hematuria, hypertension, oliguia, azotemia
*Children, Periperal & PERIORBITAL EDEMA
*cola-colored urine
Tx: resolves spontaneously but can give loop diuretic for HTN/edema and vasodilators

Front 5

Acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis:
-Immunoflourescnece

Back 5

Granular pattern

Front 6

Rapidly Progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis:
- Light microscopy
- Immunoflurescence

Back 6

-LM & IF: crescent-moon shape

Front 7

Goodpasture's syndrome
-sxs
-Mechanism
-Immunofluorescence

Back 7

Type II hypersensitivity:
Nephritic syndrome: HTN, oliguria, hematuria, azotemia
*HEMOPTYSIS, HEMATURIA

IF: linear pattern (anti-GBM antibodies)

Front 8

Rapidly Progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis:
- sxs

Back 8

Sxs: hematuria, HTN, oliguria, azotemia

*Rapidly course to RENAL FAILURE (# of crescents ~ prognosis)

Front 9

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
*Sxs

Back 9

Sxs: hematuria, HTN, oliguria, azotemia
*Slowly progresses to renal failure

Front 10

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis:
*EM

Back 10

EM: subendothelial humps
"TRAM TRACKS"

Front 11

IgA Neprophathy
-other name?
-nephritic or nephrotic?

Back 11

Berger's disease
Nephritic

Front 12

IgA Neprophathy:
- mild or severe disease?
- IF and EM findings?

Back 12

Mild disease. Often post-infectious.

-IF and EM: mesangial deposits of IgA

Front 13

Alport's Syndrome
-mutation in what?
-sxs?

Back 13

-Mutation in Collagen IV

-sxs: nerve deafness and ocular disorders

Front 14

Alport syndrome:
-pathology?

Back 14

Split basement membrane

Front 15

Nephritic Syndromes:
-name them (6)

Back 15

1. Acute post-strep glomerulonephritis
2. Rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis
3. Goodpasture's syndrome
4. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
5. IgA nephropathy (berger's dz)
6. Alport's syndrome

Front 16

Nephrotic syndromes:
-name them (6)

Back 16

1. Membranous glomerulonephritis
2. Minimal change disease (lipoid nephrosis)
3. Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis
4. Diabetic nephropathy
5. SLE (5 patterns)
6. Amyloidosis

Front 17

Nephrotic syndromes:
generic sxs (4)

Back 17

1. massive proteinuria (>3g/day) - frothy urine
2. hypoalbuminemia
3. peripheral and periorbital edema
4. Hyperlipidemia/lipiduria

Front 18

Membranous glomerulonephritis:
LM findings

Back 18

Diffuse capillary and basement membrane thickening

Front 19

Membranous glomerulonephritis:
IF: findings

Back 19

Granular pattern

Front 20

Membranous glomerulonephritis:
EM findings

Back 20

"Spike and Dome"

Front 21

Most common cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Hint - responds well to steroids

Back 21

Minimal Change disease

Front 22

Minimal Change disease
-other name

Back 22

Lipoid nephrosis

Front 23

Minimal Change disease
-LM and EM findings

Back 23

LM: normal glomeruli
EM: foot process effacement

Front 24

Most common cause of Adult nephrotic syndrome

Back 24

Membranous glomerulonephritis

Front 25

Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis
-Features
-LM findings

Back 25

*more severe in HIV pts

-LM: Segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis

Front 26

Diabetic Nephropathy:
LM:

Back 26

-Kimmelstiel Wilson "wire loop' lesions
-basement membrane thickening

Front 27

SLE Nephrotic syndrome
- how many patterns of involvement?

Back 27

FIVE

Front 28

SLE Nephrotic syndrome
- in membranous glomerulonephritis pattern, what are the LM findings?

Back 28

Wire loop lesion with subepithelial depositis

Front 29

Amyloidosis:
-associated morbidity (4)

Back 29

-Multiple myeloma
-Chronic conditions
-TB
-Rheumatic arthritis

Front 30

Amyloidosis:
IF findings

Back 30

Congo red stain
Apple green birefringence

Front 31

Nephrotic syndrome:
Pathophysiology

Back 31

1. increased permeability of glomerular capillary wall -> massive protein loss in urine
2. decreased serum albumin -> edema
3. decreased circulating blood volume -> ADH, aldosterone -> increased Na and H20 retnetion ->edema
4. increased lipoprotein synthesis (liver compensates for hypoalbuminemia) -> hyperlipidemia ->lipiduria