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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Fertile crescent
What is is? Why is it called fertile crescent |
a crescent-shaped area of fertile land in the Middle East that extends from the eastern Mediterranean coast through the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to the Persian Gulf. It was the center of the Neolithic development of agriculture (from 7000 bc), and the cradle of the Akkadian, Sumerian, and Babylonian civilizations. |
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Silt
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fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment Is normally fertile |
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Irrigation |
supply water to (land or crops) to help growth, typically by means of channels. |
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City-state
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a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state. |
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Dynasty |
a line of hereditary rulers of a country or empire |
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Cultural diffusion |
The spread of culture |
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polytheism |
the belief in many gods |
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empire |
an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress |
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Hammurabi |
the sixth king of the first dynasty of Babylonia, reigned 1792–1750 bc. He extended the Babylonian empire and instituted one of the earliest known collections of laws. |
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Babylonian empire |
Hammurabi rules length?? |
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Akkadian Empire |
the first ruler was Sargon of Akkad he conquered the Sumarian city-state the rule last it for 200 years Semitic language First empire |
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Mesopotamia |
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Sargon Akkad |
First ruler of the Akkadian empire |
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Three disadvantages of summer's natural environment |
Flooding/ unpredictable weather, natural resources, no natural barriers |
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what lead cities to develop into city states? |
first there were a bunch of cities, then they arranged one common meeting place for trade, there was also a ruler. |
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How did the epic of Gilgamesh portray sumerian's beliefs of the afterlife? be specific making references to the story.
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They feared death and the gods this is because Gilgamesh wanted immortality and was being punished by the gods. |
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What led to the fall of the Akkadian Empire?
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There was an internal fighting, and famine which lead to invasions from the nomads.
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What is the importance of the code of Hammurabi?
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The code of Hammurabi unifies the people and protects them for the first time.
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Cataract |
A large waterfall |
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Delta |
wetlands that form as rivers empty their water and sediment into another body of water, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. |
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Menes |
Ancient tradition ascribed to Menes the honor of having united Upper and Lower Egypt into a single kingdom,[15] and becoming the first pharaoh of Dynasty I.[16] |
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pharaoh |
a ruler in ancient Egypt |
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theocracy |
a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god. |
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pyramids |
a monumental structure with a square or triangular base and sloping sides that meet in a point at the top, especially one built of stone as a royal tomb in ancient Egypt.pyramid 1pyramid 1Pyramids were built as tombs for Egyptian pharaohs from the 3rd dynasty ( c.2649 bc) until c.1640 bc. Monuments of similar shape are associated with the Maya and Aztec civilizations of c.1200 bc – ad 750, and, like those in Egypt, were part of large ritual complexes. |
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mummification |
(especially in ancient Egypt) preserve (a body) by embalming it and wrapping it in cloth |
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hieroglyphics |
Egyptian form of writing |
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papyrus |
a material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing or painting on and also for making rope, sandals, and boats. |
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Osiris |
Egyptian Mythologya god originally connected with fertility, husband of Isis and father of Horus. He is known chiefly through the story of his death at the hands of his brother Seth and his subsequent restoration to a new life as ruler of the afterlife. |
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isis |
Egyptian Mythologya goddess of fertility, wife of Osiris and mother of Horus. |
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Horus |
a god regarded as the protector of the monarchy, typically represented as a falcon-headed man. He assumed various aspects: in the myth of Isis and Osiris he was the posthumous son of the latter, whose murder he avenged. |
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ra |
the sun god, the supreme Egyptian deity, worshiped as the creator of all life and typically with a falcon's head bearing the solar disc. From earliest times he was associated with the pharaoh. |
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ka |
(in ancient Egypt) the supposed spiritual part of an individual human being or god, which survived (with the soul) after death and could reside in a statue of the person. |
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hykosos |
????? |
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what is the importance of legends? |
Legends show culture, beliefs and explanations for the natural world
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In what ways does the legend of the ancient gods demonstrate the cultural aspects of the Egyptians? Give specific examples
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It explains how they thought the world worked- battle between Horus and set Explains how the god weren't immortal Explains there view on afterlife- not bad just waiting to be reborn |
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What led to the decline of the old Kingdom in Egypt?
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??? |
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How are the Egyptians beliefs of the afterlife different from the Sumer's beliefs?
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Egyptians believe that only good people got to go to the afterlife, Which shows they believed in justice. The Egyptian afterlife was also depicted as much better then the Sumer's afterlife therefore they had up better view on life.
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Subcontinent
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a large, distinguishable part of a continent |
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Monsoon
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a seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South and Southeast Asia, blowing from the southwest between May and September and bringing rain (the wet monsoon), or from the northeast between October and April (the dry monsoon).• the rainy season accompanying the wet monsoon. |
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Mohenjo-Daro
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Large city on the Indus |
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Harappan civilization |
Large city on the Indus ***** |
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Deccan Plateau
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??? |
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Himalayan mountains
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Mountain range on the NE of the Indus civilization Offered protection |
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Indus River
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River that the fertile land and Indus civilization was around |
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Ganges River
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River Near indus civilization **** |
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Hindu Kush
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??? |
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Karakoram
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Large city on the Indus |
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Why is the Indus Valley referred to as the Indian subcontinent?
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The Indus Valley is separated from India by natural barriers.
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What are the natural boundaries surrounding the Indus Valley? |
Himalaya Mountains
Hindu Kush Thar desert |
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What are some of the achievements made by the Indus Valley civilization that distinguishes them from other civilizations?
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The had a sewage system planned cities and walls- strong smart ruler |
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What is the difference between the social structures of the Babylonian empire and the Harappan civilization?
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There's not as big of a social divide Harappan civilization.
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How did the Indus Valley civilization decline?
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There are only theories on how the Indus Valley civilization declined
Add more |
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Oracle bones
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bones used in ancient China for divination. Had questions inscribed into them |
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Mandate of heaven
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The Mandate of Heaven is an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that (heaven) granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly. if he does not fulfill his obligations as emperor, then he loses the Mandate and thus the right to be emperor. The Mandate of Heaven would then transfer to those who would rule best. The fact that a ruler was overthrown was taken by itself as an indication that the ruler had lost the Mandate of Heaven. In addition, it was also common belief that natural disasters such as famine and flood were other signs of heaven’s displeasure with the current ruler, so there would often be revolts following major environmental events as citizens saw these as signs of heaven's displeasure.[1] |
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Dynasty cycle
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Strong dynasty -> Corruption-> People suffer-> Invasions-> old dynasty has lost the mandate of heaven->New dynasty-> fixes problems-> Strong dynasty... |
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Feudalism
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nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection. |
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Xia dynasty
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First dynasty ≈2000 bce |
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Shang dynasty
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1532-1027 bce Consulted shang di as a goodbye using oracle bones |
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Zhou Dynasty
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Over through the shang dynasty claimed he had the mandate of heaven |
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What was agreed advantage of the Chinese written language?
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There were a lot of different spoken language but now everyone could communicate by writing it was phonetic characters |
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how the Shang Dynasty come to an end |
Zhou killed the royal family and claimed to have the mandate of heaven |
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How did the mandate of heaven and the Dynasty cycle legitimize the power of the new Dynasty?
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By making it seem although the ruler was approved by a higher power |
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How did feudalism both support and weaken the power of the king?
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Made the novels; the people who could rebel against him, happy and loyal. He got army troops and royalties He lost control of a lot of land |
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What led to the fall of Zhou Dynasty
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????? |
