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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
History is the study of...
People, places, and events. Is the study of how geography impacts the people, places, and events.
Artifacts are...
Items/objects produced by the people of a civilization and can provide insight on past civilizations.
Archaeology is the study of...
Past civilizations through the use of artifacts and ruins.
Geography is the study of...
Location, climate, natural resources of a given area and how each of those components can impact people, places, and events.
ECONOMICS
-economy
-government
-stock market
-money
-trade(commerce)
Market Economy
-means of production
-Supply/Demand= price
TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS
n
Oligarchy
small,elite(wealthy) group of people who control the gov't
Monarchy
King/Queen - power is passed down through generations. (Divine Right to Rule - power to rule has been given to them by God.)

Ex: China - Mandate of Heaven
Democracy
Power is in the hands of the people.
1 citizen=1 vote
Education is more important.

Ex: Athens
Dictators
Dictatorship/Totalitarian/Autocracy;
1 person has total control of politics, economy, and social aspects of a society.

Ex: Hitler
Theocracy

Theo- religion
Religious ideas influence politics.
'______________________________________'
Leader

Ex: Ancient Egypt (Pharoas)
Republic
People have a say in gov't, citizens vote for people to represent them in gov't + will vote for them on a regular basis.

Ex: Rome
Anarchy
No Government
Communism
Goal: Utopian Society where all people would be equal.
Gov't controls all land + wealth.
Equally redistributed to the people.
- Karl Marx and Frederick Engels wrote "Communist Manifesto
Neolithic Revolution
Allowed for civilization itself to be possible
Paleolithic Age
nomadic: hunters + gatherers - keep moving to follow food source
Domestication of plants
-By creating agriculture allowed for a stable food source.
-Population increase + surplus of agriculture
-A lot of agriculture led to trade
-Tool : plow
Domestication of Animals
-Able to build permanent settlements
-creation of civilizations - cultural diffusion
4 River Valley Civilizations
1. China - Yellow River
2. Egypt - Nile River
3. Mesopotamia : Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
4. Indus Valley : Indus River
*All located near a water source*
"Mesopotamia"
Land between two rivers
Ancient Eqypt
-Nile River gives silt
-polytheistic (many Gods)
-Theocracy Gov't
-leader : Pharaoh
-Pyramids : tombs for Pharaohs
-Hieroglyphics : writing system
Mesopotamia
-Babylon was the famous city
-Considered to be the birthplace of civilization
-Ziggurat : temples/religious buildings
-leader of Babylon : Hammurabi
-nickname : Crattle of Civilization/Birth Place
Code of Hammurabi
-Eye for an eye / tooth for a tooth
-If wealthy did something to a poor person they would pay a find
-gender-> acception-> make
Taj Mahal
- Created as a tomb
-Only outside is marble
-Inside is brick
-Taking shoes off : shows respcect
-religious
Ancient China
-didnt react a lot from other countries
-ethnocentric
-known for pagu and creation of the orld
-artwork mad out of metal
-known for mandate of heaven-dynastic cycle
Major Achievements in China
-great wall of china-defends china from invaders like the mongols-shows unity
-silk road
-terracata
Judaism
-10 commandments
-old testament
-moses(founder)
-torah
-root of all 3 monotheistic religions
-waiting for a messiah
Christianity
-first followers are Jews
-messiah-Jesus
-book of reveltaion- end of the world
-3 days after death, he rose from the dead
Islam
-followers are muslims
-begins after mohammed recieves revelation from God
-610 AD- mohammed recieves revelation
- follow 5 Pillars
-3 Holy Cities- Mecca, Jerusalim, Medina(h)
-Koran- holy book- only written in Arabic
Hinduism
-caste system
-reincarnation
-born over and over again until enlightenment
-Karma is based on your Dharma
-Dharma roles society based on your caste
Buddhism
-originated from Hinduism
Siddhartha
-goal was to free people from cycle of rebirth
-known as Buddah (englightened one)
-not a god but respected as one
-taught 4 Noble Truths
-must b a middle way to follow enlightenment
-also tautght Eightfold Path
Confucianism
-confucionaste worked as a teacher wanted to be an advisor
Dauism/Tauism
-lao ti
-beliebed in spirits and nature
-all living things must be respected
-shinto is like dauism
Ancient Greece
-playeda very imp role in its development
-difficult to unify all of Greece b/c of Geography
-creation of different city states
-each city state had its own gov't,leader,economy,sometimes culture and language
-different dialects of languages
-earliest civilizations- mycenae and minoan
Sparta
-very strong military
-goal was to control many city states as possible
-children taken away from families at age 7
-stayed in military from ages 7-60
-taught to steal (only a crime if caught)
-age of 12 you couldnt wear clothes
-if you were born weak, you'd be left ontop of mountain
-monarchy gov't
Athens
-direct democracy
-only citizens were free males
-women were not citizens
-education was most important virtue
-Acropolis-high city
Ancient Greek and Achievement's
-DEMOCRACY WAS THE MAIN IMPACT ON MODERN WORLD
-known for architects, olympics (every 4 years)
-men were naked in Olympics b/c showed form of human bodies
-polytheistic
-gave human characteristics to god
-known for literary works
Colums
1- doric (simple)
2- ayanic
3- corinthian (elaborate)
Ancient Rome
-starts out as a humble, farming village
-becomes a monarchy
-republic
-VILLIAGE-MONARCHY-REPUBLIC-EMPIRE
-creation of Rome - story of Rumulous and remus
-cultural diffusion
-senate had bulk of power
-3 Punic wars btwn Rom and Carthage
polytheistic
-constantine (emperor) recieved revelation
-300AD christianity became religion
Fall of Rome
-internal issus-weak gov't,cruel
-external issues- Barbarian invasions
Western Rome-Pope (Roman Catholics) completely crumbled
Eastern Rome-Partriarch(orthodox Christians) Constantinople- byzantine empire
Byzantine Empire
-Eastern half preserved greek and roman cultures
- capitol:constantinople(where eastern europe met asia)
-trade,excellent economy,well built, organized,society, very well protected)
-emperor justinian
-as it spread, it helped spread Christianity
-turks spread Islam
Justinian Law Codes
-strict but fair
-obey or die
Autaman Empire
Turks took over constantinople and became instanbul