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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why was the Roman Empire was divided?
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Communication issues between the western and eastern section
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What are three of Justinian's accomplishments?
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1. He created a panel of experts to use Roman laws --> Justinian's Code
2. He rebuilt Constantinople, and built a 14 mile long wall around the coast of the city. 3. He constructed the Hagia Sophia |
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Who was Justinian's best general, and what did he do?
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Belisarius; seized Rome from the Ostrogoths, stopped the Nika Rebellion
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What language did Byzantine citizens speak?
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Greek
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What are the four works the Justinian Code consists of?
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The Code: 5,000 useful Roman laws
The Digest: synopsis of opinions of Rome's best legal thinkers The Institutes: a book for law students The Novellae (New Laws): laws passed after 534 |
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To Justinian, what were the greatest sign of connection between religion and state?
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Churches
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What does Hagia Sophia mean in Greek?
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Holy Wisdom
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What was the main street in Constantinople?
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Mese, or "Middle Way"
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What place hosted chariot races and performances, what does its name mean, and how many spectators did it hold?
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Hippodrome; "horse" and "racecourse"; 60,000
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What was the name of the riot in the Hippodrome?
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Nika Rebellion
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What hit Constantinople just before Justinian died?
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the plague
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What are 6 groups that invaded Byzantium?
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Lombards, Avars, Slavs, Bulgars, Sassanids, and Russians
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How did Byzantines fight off invaders? (4)
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Bribes, diplomacy, political marriages, and military force
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Who rearranged the Byzantine Empire based on the military?
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Emperor Heraclius
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What did Byzantine provinces become?
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themes, or military districts
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Who did Constantinople fall to?
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Ottomans
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ROMAN CATHOLIC, GREEK ORTHODOX SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES!
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In Outline.
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Who wrote rules for how monks should live?
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Saint Basil
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Who became Patriarch of the East?
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Saint John Chrysotom
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Who prohibited the use of icons?
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Emperor Leo III
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Who reinstated icons?
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Empress Theodora
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What directly led to the schism of Roman Catholics and Greek Orthodox?
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The Pope and Patriarch excommunicating each other during a dispute
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Who did the Greek orthodox missionaries convert?
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the slavs
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Who invented a Slavic alphabet so Slavs could read the Bible?
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Saint Methodius and Saint Cyril
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What is the Slavic language written in now?
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Cyrillic alphabet
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Where did Russia's first territory spring up?
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west of the Ural mountains
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What are three major Russian rivers?
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Dnieper, Don, and Volga
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What are two other names for Vikings, and where did they settle?
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Varangians or Rus, and with the Slavs
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What was a book of Russia's history written by monks?
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The Primary Chronicle
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Who founded the city of Novgorod?
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Viking Chief Rurik
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Who moved to Kiev first?
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Oleg
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What did Kiev become?
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a principality- a small state ruled by a prince
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Who openly converted to Christianity?
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Olga
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What did Vladimir have his people convert to?
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Greek Orthodox
[baptizing in river and observers to study religions] |
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Who was Vladimir's son, and what did he do?
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Yaroslav the Wise;; married off his relatives to kings and princes of Western Europe, creating alliances; created a legal code based on Kiev's economy; built the first library in Kiev; and made Kiev home to about 400 churches by the 1100s
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What was one of Yaroslav's vital errors?
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splitting up his kingdom among his sons instead of passing it on the eldest son
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Who was the first Mongol leader?
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Genghis Khan
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Under which leader did the Mongols destroy Kiev?
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Batu Khan
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What was the nickname of the Mongol Empire and why?
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The Khanate of the Golden Horde; Khanate meaning Kingdom, Golden because gold was the Mongol color, and Horde meaning camp
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What was a moderator between the Russians and Mongol leaders?
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the Church
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Who was the prince of Novgorod who recommended his fellow princes listen to the Mongols?
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Alexander Nevsky
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Who earned the approbation of the Mongols--whom appointed him tax collector-- by crushing a revolt?
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Ivan I of Moscow
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What was Ivan I's nickname?
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Ivan Moneybags
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What are two things Ivan I did?
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1. He convinced the Patriarch of Kiev to move to Moscow, improving the city's stature.
2. He used the purchase of land, wars, deceit, and clever marriages to gain control of the states around Moscow. |
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Who took the name czar and what does it mean?
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Ivan III; Caesar
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Who intended to make russia the Third Rome?
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Ivan III
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Where did the Russian and Mongol armies face each other?
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Ugra River
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What do the Chinese call the Turks?
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Tu-Kiu
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For what did the Muslims admire the Turks?
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their military skills
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What were Turkish military slaves called?
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mamelukes
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Who was the first group of Turks to convert to Islam and migrate to the Abbasid Empire?
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Seljuks
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Who captured Baghdad?
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Seljuks
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Who was the creator of the Seljuk dynasty, and what did he choose as his kingdom's capital?
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Toghril Beg, and the Persian city of Isfahan
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Who was a vizier for the most famous sultan, and who was the most famous sultan?
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Nizam al-Mulk, Malik Shah
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Who did the Seljuks look to for guidance?
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Persians
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What were Seljuk rulers called, the persian word for king?
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shahs
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Who is a famous Persian writer?
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Jalaludin Rumi
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How did Malik Shah beautify Isfahan?
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building mosques
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Who initiated the first Crusade?
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Pope Urban II
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Who destroyed Baghdad completely?
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Hulagu, Genghis Khan's grandson?
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What was Rome before it was Christian?
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pagan
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Who were the geniuses of Justinian?
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Belisarius and Theodora
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Who did Justinian build the Hagia Sophia for?
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Theodora
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Who were the bishops of Greek Orthodox religion?
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pentarchy
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Who came from the northern, southern, and eastern parts of Russia?
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Vikings, Slavs, Mongols
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Who was the Mongol who became emperor of China?
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Kublai Khan
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What was the great city of Eastern Russia?
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Muscovy (Moscow)
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Who created the Romanov dynsaty?
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Michael I
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Who reintroduced serfdom?
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Michael I
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Who was the last Czar?
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Nicholas II
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Who was the new leader after Nicholas II?
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Lenin
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What was the beginning of the Soviet Union called?
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the Russian Revolution r Bolshevik
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What two books did Karl Marx write?
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Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital
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